Defense refers to the process in which students present and explain their research results, answer relevant questions, and receive evaluation and guidance to the defense committee or supervisor after completing the degree** or graduation project. Defense is an important part of a student's academic career, an important way to test students' academic level and ability, and a key factor in determining whether students can successfully graduate and obtain a degree.
The process of defending a defense generally consists of the following steps:
1.Preparation stage. Before the defense, students should prepare for the following aspects:
- Finalize and revise**. Under the guidance of the instructor, students should complete and revise their own ** to ensure that the quality and format of ** meet the requirements, there are no errors in grammar, logic, citation, etc., and the content is complete, clear and innovative.
- Make and practice PPTs。Students should make a concise, clear and focused PPT according to the main content and structure, highlight the topic, purpose, method, results, conclusion, etc., avoid too much text and complex charts, and use appropriate fonts, colors, animations, etc. Students should also practice PPT presentations many times, master the time, speed of speech, intonation, expression, body, etc., and improve their expression skills and self-confidence.
- Read and review relevant materials. Students should read and review their own research content and references, be familiar with their own research content and methods, master their own research highlights and innovations, prepare questions and answers that may be encountered, and also understand the latest developments and cutting-edge issues in their own research fields, so as to broaden their horizons and ideas.
2.Presentation stage. At the defense meeting, students should make a statement in turn according to the defense arrangement, which generally includes the following aspects:
- Introduce yourself. Students should briefly introduce their name, student number, major, advisor and other basic information to give a good first impression to the defense committee or instructor, and also thank the instructor and the defense committee for their attention and support.
-*Overview. Students should use PPT to show and tell the main content of their own research, including the title, background, purpose, method, results, conclusion, etc., highlight the significance and value of the research, show their research results and level, pay attention to grasp the time and focus, and do not repeat or omit.
-*Summary. Students should summarize and reflect on their own innovations, point out their own innovations and advantages, and at the same time admit their own shortcomings and defects, put forward their own improvements and prospects, and show their academic attitude and spirit.
3.Questioning stage. After the student completes the statement, the defense committee or the instructor will ask some questions to the student, test the student's quality and comprehension ability, promote the student's academic communication and thinking, and the student should do a good job in the following aspects:
- Listen carefully. Students should listen carefully to the questions of the defense committee or the instructor, do not interrupt or interject, if they do not hear or understand clearly, they can politely ask the other party to repeat or explain, and at the same time, they can use notes to write down the key words or points of the question to facilitate the answer.
- Respond calmly. Students should calmly respond to the questions of the defense committee or the instructor, do not panic or be nervous, if they know the answer, they can answer directly, if they do not know the answer, they can admit frankly, do not talk nonsense or speculate, if there is a certain basis or speculation, they can explain their own ideas or opinions, and do not avoid or avoid questions.
- Appropriate feedback. Students should give appropriate feedback to the defense committee or the instructor's questions, do not offend or argue, agree or thank if the other party's question is reasonable, disagree or explain if the other party's question is wrong, express appreciation or learning if the other party's question is enlightening, and do not show impatience or disdain.
4.Evaluation phase。After the student answers all the questions, the defense committee or the instructor will evaluate and score the student's ** and defense, and determine the student's defense results and grades
- Exit and wait. Students should follow the rules of the defense, leave the venue and wait for the review and announcement of the defense committee or the instructor, do not disturb or urge, keep quiet and polite, and at the same time adjust their emotions and mentality, and do not be too nervous or relaxed.
- Accept the results. Students should accept the results and achievements of the defense committee or the instructor, do not question or complain, express gratitude and celebration if the defense passes, express regret and acceptance if the defense fails, and at the same time listen to the opinions and suggestions of the other party, find out their own problems and shortcomings, and prepare for the next defense or revision.
- Lessons learned。Students should summarize the experience and lessons of the defense, reflect on their own advantages and disadvantages of the defense, improve their academic level and ability, and also share their own experience and feelings of the defense, communicate and learn with classmates and teachers, and lay a solid foundation for future study and research.