In 1937, ** Lao Shan was assassinated, 11 guards died, who was the real murderer?
**The death of the Prime Minister on January 8, 1976 shocked the nation and caused mourning. Among his relics, a special ** caught the attention of the staff, which was a group photo of him, Zhang Yunyi and the guard Kong Shiquan.
This ** carries a little-known historical story, although there are many ** left by the prime minister, but this ** that he has preserved very well is different, and the story behind it should not be forgotten.
This was filmed by the prime minister after the "Laoshan in distress", which was a bewildering assassination case, the darkest moment of his life. Without the protection of those around him, the prime minister may have been killed.
There were a total of 25 people on that trip, and more than 10 people died on the spot after the incident, and only the prime minister, Zhang Yunyi, Kong Shiquan and Cao Hongdu were not injured because they left first. According to incomplete statistics, there have been at least four more cases of assassination of the prime minister.
In the turbulent year of 1937, the prime minister decided to go to Xi'an for the sake of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and the counterattack against the invaders. However, during this trip, he encountered a life-and-death crisis.
Adjutant Chen Youcai, who was mistaken for the prime minister because he was dressed similarly to the prime minister, was shot at by bandits and died heroically. The bandits even stabbed Chen Youcai's body dozens of times.
This has caused everyone to worry about the safety of the prime minister, saying that this is the closest the prime minister has come to death. So, who is so bold to assassinate *** on the road and make 11 guards die heroically?
The KMT's high-level statement said: Did the premier and his entourage really encounter bandits who robbed money?How did the Prime Minister get out of danger?What is the truth?
FigThe Yan'an Border District Security Office decided to send a reinforced platoon and three trucks to escort the prime minister. However, the prime minister had something to do on the spot, and left ahead of schedule with two guard squads and two trucks, and the risk also increased at this moment.
In addition to the premier, he was accompanied by Zhang Yunyi, deputy chief of the general staff of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, Kong Shiquan, head of the General Staff Office, Chen Youcai, chief of staff of the border garrison headquarters and adjutant of the premier, Wu Tao, a journalist, and 20 guards (including drivers), a total of 25 people.
In the early morning of the day of the departure of the first party, Chen Youcai, the staff officer of the guard, took the initiative to let the prime minister put on a military uniform in order to ensure the safety of the prime minister, and he changed into the prime minister's suit and top hat, becoming the prime minister's "stand-in".
Although the goal of the group is not big, but the movement is not small, the guards are relatively few, and the equipment is not much, once an accident occurs on the road, it is difficult to deal with it in time, and it is possible to fall into the disadvantage of being outnumbered at any time.
Since the August 1st Uprising, the trips of our party's top leaders have been top-secret operations, and few people know about them. So **Wait for someone to go**?When to go?These are things that few people know about, and the risk of being assassinated by the enemy can be ruled out.
However, there is always a mistake in Baimi, and there is still a great possibility that the news will be disseminated, so the prime minister's safety is still under threat all the time. In order to rule out the possibility of interception by local reactionary forces and bandits, ** and others were riding in 8 percent of the new military trucks, and Zhou Xing, Xu Jianguo, and other responsible persons of the security department have investigated the routes and safety conditions along the way in advance.
Even so, Chen Youcai's guard staff officer was still not at ease.
Fig**The group set out from Yan'an, passing through Ganquan, Fuxian, Huangling, Tongchuan, Yaoxian and other places, and the guards and soldiers were always vigilant. However, the unexpected soon struck.
The prime minister and his entourage drove out of Yan'an City and first arrived at Thirty Lipu. There is a "border inspection station" of the Yan'an Border District Security Office here, which is still under the control of our army, but when you leave here, you need to be more careful.
Sanlipu is adjacent to the Kuomintang-controlled Ganquan County, and there is a mountain called Laoshan in between. Although the terrain of Laoshan is not high, the ravines are criss-crossed, and the top of the mountain is full of wild grass and thorny shrubs, which are easy to hide, and it is a place where soldiers must fight.
Historically, the Qing army fought fiercely with the Hui people here, killing and wounding more than 1,000 people, leaving behind a huge tomb of 1,000 peopleAfter the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, the Red 15th Army also annihilated two regiments of the Northeast Army here.
As the prime minister's vehicle approached Laoshan, a dense burst of gunfire rang out, stopping them. With years of combat experience, the prime minister quickly judged that a surprise attack had been encountered, but it was not clear for the time being the numbers, strength, and purpose of the opposing side.
Chen Youcai was also shocked by the sound of gunshots, and vigilantly observed the surroundings, always paying attention to protection
The Prime Minister was undaunted and observed the terrain at great speed, spotting a waterhole leading to the valley floor, which was an excellent place to hide from the shots. The hills to the right of the waterhole are covered with dense forests that can be taken away from for a while;The reed pond on the left, next to a steep cliff, is a blind spot for the enemy;Crossing the waterhole, you can go directly to the mountain temple isolated on the dam beam, which is regarded as the exit from Laoshan.
After careful consideration, the Prime Minister decisively gave the order to speed the vehicle forward. However, bullets rained down from the left and right sides, forcing the vehicles to stop, and the driver next to the prime minister was killed instantly.
The truck stalled, and the prime minister and others were completely exposed to enemy fire, and the situation was extremely critical. The enemy is outnumbered, and the situation is becoming more and more uncertain. At this life-and-death juncture, Zhang Yunyi quickly adjusted his tactics, and his troops were divided into two routes, on the one hand, he ordered Chen Youcai to lead a part of his men to protect and transfer, and on the other hand, he asked Chen Guoqiao and himself to command the rest of the personnel to cover for the prime minister and his party and attract the attention of the enemy.
Shortly after Chen Youcai and the prime minister left, they were unfortunately shot, seriously injured, and temporarily unable to move. So he ordered the guards to take the prime minister first, and his palace behind.
Xiang Sanzhi, one of the survivors, recalled: Chen Youcai was shot to protect the prime minister, and for safety reasons, he, Kong Shiquan, Chen Xianren and others could only continue to escort the prime minister to the mountain with forests to get rid of enemy shots.
Seeing that the prime minister and others turned around and disappeared, the bandits began to shift their gaze to Chen Youcai, who fell to the ground, and found that he was wearing a leadership costume and commanding his teammates to fight and evacuate.
The bandits thought that he might be the commander, and they fired wildly until they saw that he was out of breath. However, the bandits were not willing to stop there, and in order to verify that Chen Youcai was indeed dead, they also stabbed his body with knives.
It is said that there are no less than a dozen knife cuts in total.
Chen Guoqiao and his entourage adopted a strategy of changing tactics in order to protect ***, and ordered the soldiers to evacuate in the direction of the prime minister. Although Cao Hongdu and others were very reluctant, they still left for the safety of the prime minister.
During the transfer, they encountered a fierce attack, and in the end, only Cao Hongdu survived. He found the Prime Minister and pulled the Prime Minister and others out with a rope from his leggings.
After the battle, the group was extremely heavy, and only four guards remained: Cao Hongdu, Kong Shiquan, Chen Xianren and Xiang Sanzhi. After running out of bullets, Chen Guoqiao and Wang Ming used grenades to attack the enemy, but they could not escape the enemy's fire and died heroically.
Fortunately, Zhang Yunyi managed to escape from the ambush circle under the protection of other guards. After receiving the news, the units of our army stationed near Laoshan and the relevant communications squad immediately got in touch with the guard regiment.
However, the ** line was cut by the enemy, who reported directly to the ** guard regiment. When Huang Lin, the head of the guard regiment, learned of the situation, he immediately assembled the guard.
The second and third shifts went to the scene to check.
At the same time, he also notified *** that he was surprised by this, and he personally gave an order to Huang Lin to find out the situation and ensure ***'s safety.
Fig**Riding a horse and galloping, Huang Lin quickly arrived at the Thirty Lipu checkpoint. **After Zhang Yunyi and others escaped, they also marched towards the checkpoint and successfully joined the cavalry of the guard regiment who rushed to support.
Soon, reinforcements continued to arrive from all directions. **While analyzing the situation, he commanded the troops and asked Huang Lin to march towards Laoshan with his men and horses, preparing to rescue the trapped soldiers.
But when Huang Lin and the others arrived at Laoshan, the bandits had already fled, leaving only the sacrificed Chen Youcai, Chen Guoqiao and other 11 guards and other surviving wounded.
Knowing that Chen Youcai had been righteous, ** was extremely sad. Recalling the Long March, it was the prime minister who rescued him. Since then, he has followed the prime minister and has become a trusted adjutant of the prime minister.
In 1970, when the prime minister came to Yan'an to inspect, he once again remembered his comrade-in-arms Chen Youcai, and couldn't help but sigh with emotion: "Chen Youcai is a good comrade, and when we mention his sacrifice now, we feel very sad, we often miss him!"
Shortly after he escaped from danger, the prime minister embarked on a new journey, continuing to risk his life for the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party. On April 29, more than 1,000 party, government and military figures gathered in Yan'an's South Gate Square to attend a memorial meeting for the soldiers killed in Laoshan.
After the meeting, the bodies of the soldiers were buried in the cemeteries at the foot of Phoenix Mountain and Baota Mountain, respectively, and were laid to rest. When the Laoshan incident broke out, not only Yan'an, but also the whole country was shaken.
For our party, the trip of the ** group is a top-secret operation, and few people know about it, but they have encountered a sneak attack by bandits, and things are certainly not as simple as imagined;In the eyes of patriots across the country, the assassination must have hidden a lot of tricks and shady deeds behind it.
In order to understand the truth of the matter, give justice to the soldiers who have sacrificed, and prevent such incidents from happening again, ** decided to investigate thoroughly and handed over the task to Xie Ziqun, a powerful general who has the title of "Yan'an Holmes".
FigXie Ziqun had a general understanding of what had happened and came to three inferences: First, the Laoshan ambush may have been deliberately acted by Japanese spies or the pro-Japanese faction of the Kuomintang2. The Trotskyists within our Party are determined to assassinate the Trotskyists in order to achieve the goal of undermining the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party.
On the question of the Trotskyists, since our party arrived in Yan'an, our party has gradually achieved ideological unity, and even if there are differences, it will not be his own comrades, so Xie Ziqun quickly ruled out the second possibility and left only one.
One, three, these two are possible.
With years of experience in handling cases, Xie Ziqun believes that the bandits suddenly appeared in the Laoshan area, and they will definitely leave clues here. Therefore, he sent a large number of investigators to visit the people in the vicinity to search for useful information and clues.
Soon, a clue sent back became a breakthrough in solving the case. Investigators learned from an old man surnamed Li that the day before the attack, the old man had gone to Laoshan to cut firewood, and found that about 200 bandit-like people were digging trenches in the mountains.
From the above, we can learn two important information: first, the bandits knew the whereabouts of *** in advance, and someone must be in command, so they made preparations for the attack in advance;Second, the attackers may have been a gang of bandits, not regular troops.
Judging from the items left at the scene, Xie Zi** has lost the most property, ammunition and other materials, but documents, passwords and other confidential things have not been lost, so he is sure that it was the bandits.
FigThe bandit boss Xie Ziqun has found the key point of the case and is waiting for further investigation and solving the case. But he still doesn't know who the bandits are, and who is behind them.
Although there are our troops and ** garrisoned in Yan'an and nearby areas, there are still many bandits who do all kinds of evil in Jinpenwan and Linzhen at the junction of Yan'an, Yichuan and Ganquan.
It is mainly divided into two forces: one is the habitual bandit group headed by Li Qingwu, and the other is the militia group led by Ji Yanshou. Ji Yanshou is a local landlord, although he is not a bandit, but he is more cruel than a bandit, he has a militia of more than 80 people under his command, and no one dares to mess with him.
The analysis shows that since Li Qingwu is a rogue and generally does not cooperate with the government, it is very unlikely that he will be instructed by others. However, this does not preclude them from cooperating with other reactionary forces and indirectly accepting the command of third-party forces.
After all, there are traces of bandit looting at the scene, and there is a high possibility that they did it. In contrast, Ji is more likely to prolong his life. He not only bullied the people, but also had close ties with the Kuomintang's Ganquan County Party Headquarters, whether he was attacked by the Kuomintang's command***
This requires further investigation and verification. In order to improve local social order, the Bandit Suppression Command was established in early 1937 with the aim of eliminating this habitual bandit and local reactionary forces.
In the face of the strong pressure of our army, Li Qingwu and Ji Yanshou quickly bowed their heads and admitted their mistakes, and there was no longer too much commotion. However, in March, Ji Yanshou's behavior began to become strange, and he asked more than 80 of his men to leave the bustling city and hide in a desolate valley, as if planning something big.
In order to completely control Ji Yanshou and prevent more accidents from happening, Wu Tailiang, the commander of the bandits, immediately arrested him. However, at this time, it was a critical period of cooperation negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and our army finally chose to release him.
Facts have proved that Ji Yanshou's abnormal behavior was premeditated. He began to join forces with Li Qingwu and merged the two bandit forces, numbering more than 200 people, and doubling his combat effectiveness.
After learning of these circumstances, Xie Ziqun decided to take the initiative and send a group of excellent scouts to collect intelligence. They first disguised themselves as peasants and tried to infiltrate their controlled areas by joining the bandits, waiting for the right time to complete their mission.
Soon, investigator Zhang Pimou came with good news: the bandit leader Li Qingwu had been acting very abnormally recently, rarely going home, and only let a bandit Li Fengshan, known as the "Uncle Sitting on the Ground," be the messenger and be responsible for contacting his family.
Xie Ziqun speculated that it may be because Li Qingwu was really scared of the attack and was worried that our army would retaliate, so he cut off contact with his family and waited for the limelight to pass before going home.
In order to verify this speculation, Xie Ziqun immediately ordered the arrest of Li Fengshan. As expected, Li Fengshan quickly confessed everything and admitted that the attack on April 25 was jointly planned by Li Qingwu and Ji Yanshou.
Xie Ziqun deeply understood that although Li Qingwu was called a political bandit, he did not take the Kuomintang seriously, and still led a group of bandits who were habitual to rob homes and houses and oppress the people.
Before the Laoshan incident, he had also robbed the convoy of the Northeast Army. This shows that Li Qingwu is not afraid of the army and is bent on how to rob, so he has the courage to attack the *** convoy.
So, how did Li Qingwu grasp the movements of *** in advance and ambush him?Is there someone behind this who is directing?According to relevant investigations, the reason why Li Qingwu was able to obtain the intelligence of *** travel was not because he planted spies in our army and our party, nor did he get the news from a third party.
In fact, he had been installing a man named Feng Changdou at the south gate of Yan'an, monitoring the movements of our army and the merchant brigade, waiting for the opportunity to rob. **Before going out, the security department prepared three trucks and some people for the prime minister.
This movement happened to be seen by Feng Changdou, so he passed the news to Li Qingwu to see if Li Qingwu had any plans to rob. In Li Qingwu's opinion, three trucks have to carry a lot of troops, and they must be loaded with rich supplies.
Feng Changdou once again inquired about the news: the Communist Party was going to send someone to Nanjing to discuss with Lao Chiang about the reorganization of the Red Army. Li Qingwu and Ji Yanshou further speculated that if they want to cooperate with the Kuomintang, they must offer a lot of benefits.
Therefore, they thought that the car was very likely to be loaded with valuables such as **, so they decided to rob it. On the evening of the 24th, Li Qingwu divided the bandits into five groups and ambushed them on both sides of the three hills at the Laoshan Pass, ambushing passing vehicles from three sides.
And then the previous scene happened.
Li Qingwu didn't expect that it was *** sitting in the car When they searched for the prime minister's business card from Chen Youcai's pocket, they couldn't help but break out in a cold sweat and felt that disaster was coming.
The bandit Li Qingwu's guess was correct. Soon, Wu Tailiang mobilized his forces to strike a fierce blow at them, and in less than a month, this combined bandit was eliminated, and Li Qingwu, Ji Yanshou and others were also arrested.
In the end, Li Qingwu, Ji Yanshou, Feng Changdou and others were sentenced to death, ending their criminal lives. There has been controversy about the assassination of the prime minister, and some people speculate that He Yingqin bribed the bandits.
As a result, the truth becomes confusing. Conclusion: After the thrilling Laoshan incident, the soldiers of the security department learned a lot of experience and lessons, and actively mobilized capable forces to form a ** guard battalion, which is specifically responsible for protecting the safety of senior leaders such as *** and ***.
From August 1937, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo Border Region established a security command to command the troops and self-defense forces in the region to defend Yan'an. Since then, the assassinations of revolutionary leaders have largely disappeared.