1. What are the basic principles of emergency escape?
Unified command, orderly organization, to ensure safety.
2. What is the specific content of the unified command of emergency evacuation and escape?
1) The implementation of unified command can effectively avoid chaos, intersection and congestion in the process of evacuation and escape.
2) The implementation of unified command should be based on the premise of being planned, step-by-step, methodical, orderly, and guaranteed.
3) The implementation of unified command should make full use of emergency broadcasting systems, loudspeakers and other facilities and equipment, uniformly issue fire alarm guidance directions, and strictly prevent self-action.
3. How to organize evacuation and escape in an orderly manner
1) The organization of scattered escape should have a clear priority, and priority should be given to the evacuation of people in the most serious or dangerous areas threatened by fire, with evacuation to a safe area as the main goal.
2) When there is only one evacuation path, the sequence must be reasonably arranged, and the guidance must be carried out separately, and when there are multiple evacuation paths and auxiliary safety evacuation facilities, the paths and facilities should be reasonably allocated, and the evacuation and escape should be organized under the premise of not interfering with each other.
4. How to ensure the safety of evacuation and escape
1) It is strictly forbidden to use ordinary elevators during the evacuation and escape process to prevent the spread of fireworks from invading man-made personnel.
2) In the process of evacuation, safety evacuation facilities should be used or emergency elevators should be turned on to rescue the trapped people.
3) In the process of evacuation and escape, forces should be organized to use indoor fire hydrants, fire doors, fire shutters and other facilities to control the initial situation, start the ventilation and smoke exhaust system to reduce the smoke concentration, prevent smoke and fire from entering the evacuation channel, and create a safe environment for evacuation and escape.
5. What is the specific content of the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan?
The main contents of the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan formulated by the key fire safety units include the following 5 items.
1) Organizational structure, including fire extinguishing action group, communication and liaison group, evacuation guidance group, safety protection and rescue group, etc.
2) Alarm and alarm handling procedures.
3) Organizational procedures and measures for emergency dispersion.
4) Procedures and measures for fighting the first disaster.
5) Procedures and measures for communication, safety protection and rescue.
6. What are the requirements for the formulation of fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans?
1) Carry out research on the basic situation of the unit, grasp the environment, roads, water sources and other conditions related to fire fighting, as well as the production facilities and equipment involved, production processes, etc., analyze in detail the key parts of the fire, the characteristics of the fire and various situations that may occur after the fire, and draw the general plan of the unit, the building plan, the key parts of the map and other related drawings.
2) On the basis of analysis and judgment, the fire extinguishing force is deployed to determine the procedures and methods of fire fighting, and the division of tasks and personnel responsibilities are determined based on the assumption of fire conditions such as the critical parts of the unit and the key parts of the unit.
3) Determine the fire fighting organization, clarify the alarm and initial fire disposal procedures, and draw the fire situation map and fire extinguishing force deployment map according to the hypothetical fire situation.
4) Clarify the security protection and communication methods and requirements to ensure the smooth emergency communication between the upper and lower levels of the unitSafety protection should focus on clarifying the minimum protection level and protection means in different areas, and mark the location and type of storage of emergency materials.
5) According to the key parts of the unit, the distribution of personnel, and the safety evacuation and refuge facilities, determine the safe evacuation path and draw the safe evacuation roadmap.
7. How to determine the frequency of fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan drills
Key fire safety units should organize drills at least once every six months, high-risk fire units should organize drills at least once a quarter, and other units should organize drills at least once a year. In the fire-prone season or units with major event defense tasks, they should organize comprehensive drills for all elements. The relevant departments in the unit should organize special drills in a timely manner in light of the actual situation, and it is advisable to organize and carry out evacuation drills once a month.
8. What are the requirements for fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan drills?
1) According to the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan, set the form and scope of the drill, determine the drill time, participants and methods, and prepare for the drill.
2) Prepare the drill copy, clarify the organizational structure, task division, safety guarantee, implementation procedures and evaluation plan to ensure the safety and orderliness of the drill.
3) During the exercise, the process control should be strengthened, and the control information should be reasonably transmitted according to the fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plan, and the participants should take corresponding actions according to the relevant information, and the drill director should record the whole process and prepare for the later evaluation and summary.
4) After the drill, the drill process should be evaluated and summarized, lessons should be summarized in a timely manner, improvement measures should be formulated, and fire extinguishing and emergency evacuation plans should be revised and improved.
9. Knowledge point 9: What are the specific requirements for issuing fire alarms?
1) Use emergency broadcasting systems, alarm bells, indoor ** and other facilities and equipment to release fire alarm information through shouting.
2) The information released should contain the mood of the person who is stabilized, and the best evacuation route, evacuation method and precautions should be informed.
10. What is the specific content of emergency response?
1) The internal personnel of the unit should understand the division of responsibilities in emergency situations in advance and act quickly according to the unified instructions.
2) Turn on the fire pump, cut off the power supply, turn off the fire separation equipment, start the ventilation and smoke exhaust system, etc.
3) Guide the trapped people to evacuate to a safe area according to the predetermined route or take temporary shelter and wait for rescue.
11. What is the specific content of the evacuation guide?
1) During the evacuation process, safety management should be strengthened, evacuation order should be maintained, and compulsory measures can be taken when necessary to prevent accidents such as crowding, stampede, and falling.
2) Set up guides to indicate the direction at the turns, forks, intersections and other parts of the evacuation path that are easy to get lost.
3) The evacuation should be carried out in an organized manner, and the trapped people should be guided to evacuate to the lower floor of the fire floor according to the evacuation corridor, evacuation staircase and other facilities until they reach the safe area on the ground.
4) When the downward evacuation path is blocked, attention should be paid to stabilizing the emotions of the trapped people, using auxiliary evacuation facilities to evacuate under the premise of ensuring safety, and opening up temporary shelters, and contacting external rescue forces in time to wait for rescue.