In 1947, due to the relatively weak force in the middle of northern Shaanxi and Shandong, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to use the natural power of the surging Yellow River to prevent the People's Liberation Army from moving south, and also shouted that the Yellow River could block 400,000 troops.
In order to cross the majestic Yellow River, ** and *** came to Jiangjiazhuang, Shandong, and set up a local headquarters.
In order to let the two chiefs rest well, the enthusiastic local villagers specially vacated a small two-story brick building for the two to live in.
When he came to the door of the small building, ** stared at the small building without saying a word, and then declined the kindness of the villagers.
"We are fighting the world for the people, not here to enjoy the blessings, this small building is still left for the villagers to live," he saidSaid sincerely.
Seeing that *** had made up his mind, the hospitable villagers had no choice but to give up and instead arrange *** to live in the villager Kong Yuexian's house.
In those passionate years, this ordinary little house witnessed the feat of Liu Deng's army forcibly crossing the Yellow River and the beginning of the strategy.
What are some of the untold stories?Let's find out.
In June 1947, a year had passed since the outbreak of the Liberation War.
After several rounds of fierce fighting, although the Kuomintang army suffered many blows, it still had a relatively obvious advantage on the battlefield.
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek decided that the route of an all-out offensive would not work, so he began to study a key offensive again.
Chiang Kai-shek deployed a large number of troops to northern Shaanxi and Shandong provinces, which led to a "dumbbell" situation in which the two ends were strong and the middle was weak.
In order to fill the gap in the middle part of the troops, Chiang Kai-shek directly ordered the release of water at the mouth of the garden, which made the water of the Yellow River pour into the old Yellow River, like a mountain in front of Liu Deng's army.
As early as May, the far-sighted *** believed that the time was ripe for strategy, and ordered Liu Deng's army to force the Yellow River in early July and advance into the Dabie Mountains.
This is a dangerous move, West Lunan and Dabie Mountain are thousands of miles apart, and it is necessary to cross the Huai River, Ru River and other natural dangers in the middle, and Liu Deng's army may be wiped out in the Yellow River at any time.
At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek was ready to send more than 100,000 troops to lay a net along the Yellow River in an attempt to "gather and annihilate" our army.
In addition, it was the flood season of the Yellow River, the weather was extremely hot, and after a long time of fighting, the team was already tired, and the difficulty of forcibly crossing the Yellow River at this time was really unimaginable.
However, Liu Deng's army, who received the ** order, still embarked on the road to Dabie Mountain without hesitation.
Soon, ** and *** came to Jiangjiazhuang in white-washed gray cloth military uniforms, and they shook hands with the village cadres and villagers who came to greet them, talking and laughing, and walked towards the village.
Surrounded by village cadres and villagers, ** and *** came to a clean and tidy small brick building.
The village cadres hurriedly said:"The conditions in our village are not good, this small building is quite sturdy, so the chiefs should live here for the time being. ”
Looking at the carefully cleaned brick building in front of him, ** was silent for a while and said: ".This small building is still left to the villagers to live in," he saidSo there was the opening scene.
Later, after everyone summed up, they felt that the buildings around Kong Yuexian's house were relatively compact and well hidden, so they proposed to let the chiefs live in Kong Yuexian's house.
After learning that Chief Liu Deng was about to borrow his own house, the simple and honest Kong Yuexian was very excited and hurriedly cleaned the house inside and out.
This is a courtyard house with the characteristics of Luxi folk architecture, the courtyard sits in the west and faces east, there are doors on the east and west sides, the overall style is elegant and magnificent, giving people a sense of rigor and neatness.
In order to take care of the chiefs, the Kong family originally wanted to give the hall to the chiefs to live in, but *** refused to agree to anything.
After entering the courtyard, ** first swept the small courtyard, and then asked:"Your family lives in **?
Kong Yuexian hurriedly said"We moved to the East and West Rooms, and the hall was left for the chiefs to live in. ”
Under the perennial wind and sun, the east and west houses are dilapidated, and there are ditches on the outside of the walls.
Looking at the mottled façade, **said:"Don't move, let's live in the East and West Houses. ”
Hearing this, Kong Yuexian, who was bent on taking care of the leaders, instantly became anxious, and was so frightened that she hurriedly grabbed the chiefs and said"How can this be done, Westinghouse is dirty and messy, and it's summer again, and the weather is extremely hot. ”
At this time, *** said humorously:"Just clean it up, as for the hot weather, we have already borrowed a banana fan from the Bull Demon King, and the heat will be gone with a light fan. ”
Before *** finished speaking, everyone present burst into laughter.
No matter how Kong Yuexian persuaded her, ** and *** still refused to enter the hall, ** went directly into the West House and cleaned up.
In this dilapidated hut that can only shelter from the wind and rain, ** and *** strategize and command our army to fight bloodily with the enemy.
After living in Kong Yuexian's house, the two chiefs would often walk around the village, and whenever they saw children, they would always ask"Kid, what are you going to do?”
At that time, the haunting enemy would often fly fighter planes to the sky above Jiangjiazhuang to search for the whereabouts of Liu and Deng, and in order to ensure safety, sometimes during the day Liu and Deng would hide in a hole in the grass behind the village.
When night fell, the two quietly returned to Kong Yuexian's house.
During the period of borrowing, ** and *** often chatted with Kong Yuexian's family and got along very well.
In order to avoid causing too much trouble to the local villagers, the soldiers went directly to the house to lay on the floor.
It was a hot summer day, and the whole war room was like a steamer, and people would sweat profusely as soon as they entered.
It was under such extremely harsh conditions that ** and *** led 120,000 troops to break through the Yellow River in Chiang Kai-shek's mouth to reach 400,000 troops in only one day and two nights.
Then Liu Deng's army advanced into Dabie Mountain with lightning speed, like a sharp knife straight into the enemy's vital point, which opened the prelude to the strategy.
How did Liu Deng strategize and win a thousand miles?It all started on June 24, 1947.
On this day, after a month-long preparation, the time has come to cross the river.
With the order of Liu and Deng, all the soldiers rushed to the ferry ports on the north bank of the Yellow River day and night under the cheering and farewell of the local villagers.
At that time, in order to ensure that Liu Deng's army could successfully cross the Yellow River, the liberated areas ushered in an unprecedented movement to support the front line.
Under the encouragement of Chiefs Liu and Deng, a large number of peasants joined the army with enthusiasm to serve the country, and the number of soldiers in Yanggu County alone reached 5,800.
At that time, a large number of boats were needed to cross the river, and the villagers of the surrounding villages took out all their household resources to help our army build ships and dig docks.
In order to support our army, some villagers even donated the coffin boards of the elderly at home.
The best boatmen were sent from each village to drive the boats and transport supplies for our troops, while the women and children were responsible for boiling water and cooking, and delivering cold tea to the soldiers who were about to assemble at the crossing of the Yellow River.
On the night of the 30th, Liu Deng's army, which was ready to attack, was hiding in the trenches, and everyone involuntarily held their breath and quietly waited for the order to be issued.
Hundreds of wooden ships of different shapes left the dock one after another, and the cannons of the ships were "glaring" at the enemy on the other side of the ship.
At this time, the boatmen wearing the big red flowers on their chests stepped on the rudder without hesitation and drove towards the opposite shore with all their strength.
From a distance, you can see a looming gray line between the villages on the south bank of the Yellow River and the river, which is not a natural spectacle, but a fortification laid by the enemy.
In addition to the defensive lines laid by the enemy in the surrounding villages, the rolling Yellow River was originally a flood beast that blocked the advance of Liu Deng's army.
People often say: "The water of the Yellow River comes from the sky," and the Yellow River is sometimes calm and calmSometimes the waves are turbulent and unstoppable, and it is no wonder that Chiang Kai-shek shouted that the Yellow River could hold back 400,000 troops.
At midnight, the soldiers set up cannons and pointed at the opposite bank, and the deafening sound completely broke the silence of the night, and instantly the other side of the river became a sea of hot fire.
Then the vanguard crossed the river first, and the soldiers, armed with machine guns and grenades, poured into the opposite bank with a generous force of death.
In order to ensure that the river could be crossed after a battle on the river, each boat was equipped with two fighters dedicated to protecting the sailors.
The sailors wielded their oars and steered the boats over the waves until they reached the south shore.
After successfully reaching the shore, the undragging warriors jumped off the bow of the ship like arrows from the string, and frantically pounced on the enemy who had been waiting on the opposite shore for a long time.
Zhang Fengxiang, the fifth squad leader, shouted:"Comrades!We've got to fire the first shot!”Then he led his squad to rush to the heights in the face of the enemy's bullets.
In the second half of the night, the sky suddenly began to rain heavily, the ground became muddy, and the warriors began to stagger up the slope one by one.
In order to successfully occupy the high ground, the warriors used all their strength to climb the high slopes and take the enemy's proud bunkers one after another.
At that time, the enemy frantically fired at our troops, but under the overwhelming offensive of our troops, the enemy quickly disarmed and surrendered.
After the vanguard broke through the enemy's defensive line, it opened countless life channels for the follow-up troops to force their way across the Yellow River.
On July 4, the two leaders, ** and ***, decided to force the crossing of the Yellow River that night.
For the sake of safety, the commander ordered a company of boat No. 10 to take on the task of escorting the chief across the river, and the boat was equipped with the strength of a company, and the two experienced party members were responsible for driving the boat.
At dusk that day, Liu and Deng arrived at Sunkou Wharf, and after listening to the report on the preparation of crossing the river, the two leaders showed a pleased smile.
**Say:"You have worked very hard, repelled the enemy's attack, and made a great contribution. ”
As night fell, Liu and Deng began to cross the river, and at this time, the roar of fighter planes was heard in the sky.
It turned out that in order to find out the situation of our army's crossing of the river, the enemy sent two more reconnaissance planes. During the flight, enemy planes also dropped flares from time to time.
At that time, the *** who was standing at the bow of the ship still looked calm after seeing the enemy plane, and turned his head and smiled and said to ***:"The enemy, fearing that we would be too lonely to cross the river, came to light us. ”
At this time, the reason why *** did not panic was because he knew that the conformist enemy planes would not directly launch bombing, but would first transmit the reconnaissance information back to the command center, and wait for the command to send bombers.
**Nodding, he pushed his glasses and said:"yes!”As he spoke, the two chiefs smiled heartily.
Sure enough, by the time the enemy bombers arrived, Chiefs Liu and Deng had successfully crossed the Yellow River, and the enemy did not even see the shadows of the two chiefs.
Later, under the cover of night, Liu and Deng took a car to the east end of Hexi Village and lived in the hall of the villager Bao Chengzhang's house.
Soon after, the Baojia Hall was transformed into the headquarters of Liu Deng's army, and the two leaders carefully studied the military map with magnifying glasses in their hands, and began to think about the next battle situation.
In the afternoon of the next day, Chiefs Liu and Deng convened a meeting of leading cadres.
At the meeting, ** lit the cigarette in his hand and began to introduce the battle situation in the smoke:"Our next task is to shift our army from strategic defense to strategic offensive!”
**Say:"Shandong pressed the enemy's head, northern Shaanxi pressed the enemy's two legs, and we cut directly at the enemy's waist. ”
**Go on to say:"This knife must be cut well, and it must be a fatal blow to the enemy," he saidSubsequently, the specific deployment of the next battle plan will be made.
Then Liu Deng's army did not take a short rest, but directly devoted himself to the battle of southwest Lu.
After fighting continuously in Heze and other places in Shandong for nearly a month, and destroying nine and a half brigades of the enemy, Liu Deng's army began to advance into Dabie Mountain.
At that time, Liu Deng's army had to first pass through the Yellow Flood Zone, known as the "Death Zone", which was swampy and inaccessible, and it was difficult to march to the sky.
On August 17, Liu Deng's army successfully passed through the "Yellow Flood Area" and crossed the Shahe River the next day.
Originally, the top leaders thought that Liu Deng's army was fleeing south because of "the failure to cross north", but when Liu Deng's army arrived at the Ru River, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly realized that he went to the front line to supervise the battle with full of anger.
Chiang Kai-shek mobilized a large number of troops to garrison the south bank of the Ru River, and ordered ** to destroy all the ships one by one, absolutely not leaving a chance for Liu Deng's army to cross the river.
In front there is a copper wall that has just been erected, and there are chasing soldiers in the back.
Faced with this situation, ** said:"Fight at all costs,"And *** said:"When you meet on a narrow road, the brave wins. ”
With the order of the leaders of Liu and Deng, the soldiers crossed the Ru River with the momentum of swallowing mountains and rivers.
At this time, Liu Deng's army only needed to pass through the last pass, the Huai River, to successfully advance into Dabie Mountain.
August coincides with the flood season of the Huai River, and the already moody Huai River is even more volatile.
Due to the lack of enough boats to cross the river, Liu Deng's army was once blocked on the north bank of the Huai River and could not continue to advance.
At this time, the pursuers sent by Chiang Kai-shek had caught up with the rearguard of Liu Deng's army, and the two sides were exchanging fierce fire, and the situation was rapidly escalating.
Seeing that it was urgent to cross the river, ** personally carried a horse lantern with a faint light, and stretched a bamboo pole into the Huai River to detect the depth of the water.
After some careful evaluation, it was decided to let the troops cross the river first.
When Liu Deng's army crossed the turbulent tide and arrived on the north bank of the Huai River, the enemy's pursuers arrived as scheduled, but at this time, the Huai River suddenly rose and the height of the river rose suddenly, so the enemy's pursuers could only silently watch Liu Deng's army leave in a dashing manner on the other side of the river.
On August 27, Liu Deng's army successfully advanced into Dabie Mountain, stabbing into the chest of the enemy-controlled area like a sharp knife.
As we all know, Liu Deng's army marched into Dabie Mountain like a stroke of God to change the situation of the Liberation War, and since then it has opened the prelude to our army's strategy.
However, before Liu Deng's army really arrived at Dabie Mountain, neither *** nor Liu and Deng's chiefs were sure whether Liu Deng's army would be able to complete this important task.
For this reason, they know how to "prepare for a rainy day" and even foresee the worst-case outcome.
After a comprehensive analysis, they believe that the following three outcomes are likely to occur:
First, the troops were repulsed by the enemy before they reached Dabie Mountain;
Second, the troops successfully arrived in the Dabie Mountains, but they were unable to gain a firm foothold in the Dabie Mountains and continued to fight guerrilla warfare in various places
Thirdly, the troops arrived at the Dabie Mountains and took root again.
It is worth noting that before advancing into Dabie Mountain, the total strength of Liu Deng's army reached 420,000.
Even after fighting bloody battles with the enemy during this period, Liu Deng's army only lost about 30,000 troops, but when it was reorganized in 1949, Liu Deng's army only had 280,000 troops.
Does this mean that advancing to Dabie Mountain is not a correct decision and causing too much damage to Liu Deng's army?
If we only look at the number of enemies destroyed and the amount of materials captured, it seems that Liu Deng's army marched into Dabie Mountain really of little significance, but the military significance is measured more by strategic significance.
To put it simply, Liu Deng's army advanced into the Dabie Mountains to contain a large part of the Kuomintang's forces, enabling our army to successfully win victories in the Northeast and North China battlefields, which was equivalent to revitalizing the entire war situation.
At that time, during the War of Liberation, the Kuomintang army had a fairly obvious advantage in terms of both numbers and military equipment, which brought great pressure to the various base areas of our party.
In the face of the grim situation, ** even had to make the decision to abandon Yan'an and move to northern Shaanxi.
In contrast, the Jin-Hebei-Yulu Field Army led by ** was less stressful.
This is a team with rich combat experience, and has captured a large amount of materials during the War of Resistance against Japan, so the strength of Liu Deng's army is considerable.
At first, Liu Deng's army had been fighting the enemy in Henan, and thanks to the superiority in equipment and numbers, Liu Deng's army could also support the liberated areas of Shandong from time to time, which were more fierce.
At this time, the clever *** keenly noticed that Liu Deng's army may become the "finishing touch" of the Liberation War.
It is believed that if Liu Deng's army chooses to abandon the deep-rooted Jin-Hebei-Henan liberated area and instead attack the hinterland from the southwest of Shandong, this will definitely be able to change the situation on the battlefield.
However, this is a risky move, once Liu Deng's army has no way to directly smash Huanglong, it is very likely that the whole army will be wiped out directly.
Fortunately, at this time, Liu and Deng were full of confidence, and they believed that there was no way to change the situation on the battlefield by repeatedly maneuvering with the enemy in Shandong, and that only by taking the enemy by surprise could the situation of the war be reversed, so they took over the task of advancing to Dabie Mountain.
In order to be able to reach Dabie Mountain in the shortest possible time, Liu Deng's army also destroyed a large number of heavy equipment when forcibly crossing the Yellow River, which led to the weakening of the strength of the team.
After making great efforts to advance into Dabie Mountain, the situation of Liu Deng's army did not improve significantly.
First of all, at that time, Bai Chongxi ordered that all residents must report the movements of our army at any time, and Liu Deng's army had no public opinion base here, so it could not get supplies from the villagers.
With no way to get supplies, the soldiers had to dig grass roots and eat tree bark in the mountains, and once again lived a life of arduous and arduous Long March.
Secondly, Liu Deng's army was unadaptable. The soldiers of Liu Deng's army were all northerners, and the Dabie Mountains were located south of the Huai River, with a relatively humid climate and epidemic diseases such as malaria.
As soon as they entered the Dabie Mountain, many soldiers had the problem of not adapting to the soil and water, and the team was seriously reduced.
After the three major battles were over, our army had basically won the victory, and the victory of the war of liberation became clearer and clearer.
In order to be able to sweep away the remnants of the enemy as soon as possible, our army carried out a new round of reorganization, but at this time, people found that Liu Deng's army was only 280,000 people, becoming the field army with the heaviest losses during the Liberation War.
Towering Dabie Mountain, Zheng Zheng heroic soul. ”
Decades ago, hundreds of thousands of revolutionary ancestors overcame difficulties and obstacles to advance into the Dabie Mountains, and used blood and tears to win a respite for the liberated areas of northern Shaanxi and Shandong, and then opened the prelude to the strategy of the Liberation War.
It is precisely because of the heroic sacrifices of countless revolutionary martyrs that today's great China is rich and strong.
Time has passed, and this prosperous world has been as you wish!