1. The electronic and electrical architecture has transitioned from distributed to centralized, and the intelligent driving control unit has become the key to development
The automotive electronic and electrical architecture will be transformed to a domain-centralized electronic and electrical architecture, and the domain controller will reduce the vehicle wiring harness by integrating multiple ECUs, which is conducive to reducing the cost of the whole vehicle and the difficulty of software development, and shortening the integration and verification cycle of the whole vehicle. However, due to the physical limitations of the spatial arrangement of modules on different vehicle platforms, the domain-centralized electronic and electrical architecture is easily constrained by vehicle models and is difficult to be popularized and used on a large scale. In the future, the automotive electronic and electrical architecture will be transformed into a centralized vehicle electronic and electrical architecture, built around a computing platform in a larger area, and a complete software system will be built based on one or several core computing platforms.
Due to the evolution of automotive electronic and electrical architecture from distributed to centralized, the number of ECU products loaded on a single vehicle will be reduced by integrating multiple ECU products with different functions through domain controllers. Enterprises with the best ability of platform products and experience in the design and development of integrated domain controllers have strong first-mover advantages and technology accumulation, and are expected to benefit from the development trend of centralized automotive electronic and electrical architecture.
2. Multi-sensor fusion will become the mainstream solution for intelligent driving in the future
With the improvement of intelligent driving, the sensors required by vehicles are becoming more and more diversified, and in order to cope with different scenarios and ensure the safety of vehicles, multi-sensor fusion has become an industry trend. Multi-sensor fusion technology is a multi-level and multi-dimensional combination of information and deriving useful information, including image information, point cloud information, etc., which can not only take advantage of different sensors, but also improve the intelligence, accuracy and robustness of the whole system.
With the development of technologies such as multi-eye cameras, millimeter-wave radars, depth vision algorithms and enhanced Xi decision-making algorithms, multi-sensor fusion has become one of the technologies for many vehicle manufacturers to improve their intelligent driving capabilities in order to effectively complement the automotive perception system. At present, some enterprises use the post-fusion mode to form the corresponding features of the data, and complete the spatio-temporal synchronization through feature fusion to reduce the difficulty of data fusion. In the pre-fusion mode, the system collects and summarizes all sensor data, fuses it at the original data level, and then screens the target, which can improve the recognition rate of special targets and improve the robustness of the perception system. The pre-fusion mode puts forward higher requirements for software algorithms, chip computing power and data communication, but the advantages of the pre-fusion mode still help it become the preferred solution in the future.
3. The penetration rate of integrated parking pre-installation has increased rapidly and has become the mainstream solution
The traditional automatic parking scheme is based on 12 ultrasonic sensors, which can complete three parking actions: horizontal, vertical and oblique, but due to the single application scenario, the marking parking spaces cannot be identified, and the entire parking process cannot be visualized, and the user experience is poor.
At present, the automatic parking scheme is being upgraded from the traditional pure ultrasonic scheme to the ultrasonic + visual fusion parking schemeOn the basis of using ultrasonic sensors to detect the surrounding environment, the visual fusion automatic parking system adds the perception information of the surround view camera, which further enhances the perception ability of the vehicle and improves the experience of using the automatic parking function. According to the data of the Gaogong Intelligent Vehicle Research Institute, among the new cars equipped with APA functions in China, the proportion of ultrasonic and visual fusion parking solutions has increased year by year, from 68% rose to 48 in January-May 20224%。In 2022, the ultrasonic and vision fusion parking solution is expected to surpass the pure ultrasonic sensor solution and become the mainstream automatic parking solution in the market.