China has 391% of the population has a monthly income of less than 1,000 yuan, which is converted to 54.7 billion people, while the population with a monthly income of 1,000-2,000 yuan is 36.4 billion people, so the total population with a monthly income of less than 2,000 yuan is 96.4 billion people, accounting for 68 percent of the country's population9%。This data shows that China is still a developing country dominated by low-income groups, and the income gap is still large, which has an adverse impact on China's economic development and social stability. So, how big is China's income gap?What are the reasons for the income gap?How to narrow the income gap and achieve common prosperity?
First, let's look at how big the income gap is in China. Generally speaking, a common measure of income disparity is the Gini coefficient, which is a number that reflects the degree of unequal income distribution, with values ranging from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating more unequal income distribution. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, China's Gini coefficient was 0465, although it is down 0002, but still higher than the internationally recognized 0The warning line of 4 shows that the problem of uneven income distribution in China is still prominent. From the perspective of international comparison, China's Gini coefficient is also higher than the world average, higher than most developed countries and some developing countries, such as the United States (0.).41), Japan (033), Germany (029), India (035), Brazil (054) etc.
The formation of income disparity is a complex socio-economic phenomenon, which is affected by a variety of factors, such as the level of economic development, economic structure, population structure, education level, institutional arrangements, etc. From a macro perspective, China's income gap is mainly reflected in three aspects: urban-rural disparity, regional disparity and industry disparity.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, the per capita disposable income of urban residents in China was 42,559 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 16,021 yuan, with an urban-rural income ratio of 264, although it is down 005, but it is still higher than the internationally recognized reasonable level, indicating that there is a large gap between the income level and quality of life of urban and rural residents. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, the per capita disposable income levels of China's provinces varied greatly, with the highest being 69,388 yuan in Shanghai and the lowest being 19,322 yuan in Guizhou Province, with the gap between the highest and lowest reaching 359 times, indicating that there is a large gap between the level of economic development and the level of residents' welfare in different regions.
According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in 2019, the average wage level of various industries in China varied greatly, with the highest being 133512 yuan in the financial industry, the lowest being 39,647 yuan in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and the gap between the highest and lowest reaching 337 times, indicating that there is a large gap in labor productivity and labor remuneration in different industries.
Let's take a look at how to narrow the income gap and achieve common prosperity. Narrowing the income gap and achieving common prosperity is an important goal of China's socialist modernization and an essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In order to achieve this goal, we need to start from the following aspects: First, accelerate economic development and raise the level of national income. Economic development is the fundamental way to solve the problem of income disparity, only economic development, in order to provide a sufficient material basis for income distribution, in order to provide more employment opportunities and income for residents, in order to provide more ways for the poor to get rid of poverty.
Therefore, we must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, promote high-quality economic development, improve total factor productivity, enhance economic innovation and competitiveness, and achieve sustained economic growth and stable growth of residents' income. The second is to optimize the income distribution structure and increase the proportion of income of low- and middle-income groups. The structure of income distribution is the key factor affecting the income gap, and only by optimizing the structure of income distribution can we achieve fairness and efficiency in income distribution and promote social harmony and stability. Therefore, we must persist in taking distribution according to work as the mainstay and adjusting distribution through multiple channels as a supplement, rationally divide the three major distributions of national income, that is, primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, increase the proportion of laborers' income in the primary distribution, increase the proportion of income of middle- and low-income groups in redistribution, and increase the proportion of security for groups in difficulty in the three distributions, so as to achieve a rational and coordinated income distribution. Third, it is necessary to improve the social security system and raise the level of residents' welfare. The social security system is to ease income.