In 1928, China was still being encroached upon by foreign powers, and it was in turmoil.
Next, let's introduce them in chronological order.
Huanggutun incident, Zhang Zuolin**
On June 4, 1928, when the Northeast warlord Zhang Zuolin returned to Mukden from Guannei, he was attacked by explosives in an ambush by the Kwantung military when he passed through the Huanggutun Railway Station and died on the spot.
The reason for Huanggutun** is that the Japanese are dissatisfied with Zhang Zuolin. It turned out that in the early days of Zhang Zuolin's career, in order to achieve a career, he chose to rely on the Japanese and let the Japanese heat provide guns. Zhang Zuolin signed many treaties with Japan that were favorable to Japan, but after he succeeded, he refused to fulfill these treaties that were unfavorable to China, which caused dissatisfaction in Japan.
In the early morning of June 4, Zhang Zuolin's special car arrived at Huanggutun Station, and when passing through the fork of the old road, the Japanese detonated the explosives that had been ambushed in advance. So there was a loud bang in an instant, and the special car Zhang Zuolin was sitting in was blown to pieces. Zhang Zuolin was also seriously injured in ** and was rushed to the Marshal's Mansion in Fengtian for treatment, but he died due to his injuries and ineffective rescue. A generation of heroes fell, and this incident is called the "Huanggutun Incident".
Jinggangshan will be a teacher
In April 1928, the South Hunan Rebel Army led by ** and the Autumn Harvest Rebel Army led by *** successfully met in Jinggangshan, known as Jinggangshan Huishi.
At the beginning of 1928, Chiang Kai-shek's Nanjing Nationalists had just taken control of the situation and continued to carry out large-scale encirclement and suppression of the communist army. On the one hand, he forced *** into Jinggangshan, established the Jinggangshan revolutionary base area, and started a spark. On the one hand, the army led by ** and Ye Ting continued to encircle and suppress, and eliminated the main force, leaving only the broken rear troops led by **. This team of only 800 people was an important part of the success of the division. This Jinggangshan meeting is inseparable from two important people, one is *** and the other is**.
In 1928, ** returned to Jiangxi and met with ** at Longjiang Academy, and the two armies successfully met and merged into the 4th Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, which was an important scene in the history of the Communist Party of China.
The Northeast changed banners, and the people achieved nominal reunification
On December 29, 1928, Zhang Xueliang, the leader of the warlords of the Feng Department, sent a telegram to the whole country, announcing that he would abide by the Three People's Principles and obey the leadership of the Nanjing people.
Since Zhang Xueliang's father, the warlord Zhang Zuolin was killed by the Japanese in Huanggutun. Zhang Xueliang immediately sneaked back to Fengtian in disguise, and under the support of Zhang Zuolin's confidants and veterans, he took over the political and military power of Fengtian.
In the end, after Zhang Xueliang weighed the pros and cons, he was determined to avenge his father's shame by coming to the Snow Country through Yi Zhi, and at the same time preserve the vitality of the Feng army.
However, within the Feng army, there were not a few who opposed the change of banner. Many veterans and important ministers thought that the Northeast Army's obedience to Nanjing** was a self-destruction of the Great Wall, and they all bitterly admonished Zhang Xueliang.
In the face of heavy mountains, Zhang Xueliang did not choose to compromise, but firmly changed his position.
On the other hand, the Japanese obstructed Zhang Xueliang's change of banner in Northeast China in every way.
Hayashi Kujiro warned Zhang Xueliang more than once on the instructions of Prime Minister Tanaka that he immediately gave up cooperation with the people, and in the name of condoling his father, he and the special envoy Lin Quanzhu used both soft and hard to coerce Zhang Xueliang to cancel the decision of Yi Zhi on the grounds that Japan would retaliate against the Northeast Army, but Zhang Xueliang still skillfully refused.
Under high pressure, although Yizhi had to delay, the pace of Yizhi's progress never stopped. Zhang Xueliang decided to use European and American countries to put pressure on the Japanese, and wanted European and American countries to understand that Japan wanted to dominate the Northeast.
Zhang Xueliang first looked for the United States. US Minister to China Mark Mo said that the United States is willing to make efforts to realize the flag change in Northeast China. Subsequently, Britain, France, and other countries, out of consideration of their own interests, also supported the change of banner in Northeast China and exerted pressure on Japan, so that Japan fell into diplomatic isolation. In China, the protests condemning Japan and boycotting Japanese products have stirred up a thousand waves with one stone, and Japan's foreign trade volume has also been affected, and the opposition parties in Japan have used this as an excuse to continuously criticize the Tanaka cabinet.
In the face of many pressures, the Tanaka cabinet finally could not stand it anymore and had no choice but to admit that the change of banner in the northeast was China's internal affair and that Japan would not interfere if it did not infringe on its interests. 100 help plan
As a result, the Northeast changed banners smoothly, and China achieved nominal reunification.