Liu Changqing (?-790？"Sending the Venerable Master Lingche" poem cloud:
Cangcang Bamboo Forest Temple, the bell rings late.
The lotus hat brings the slanting sun, and the green mountains return far away.
The Venerable Master was an honorific title for a monk, and the monk Lingche (749-816), who was known for his poetry, traveled extensively after his debut and became acquainted with many high-ranking celebrities, and this poem was written by the poet Liu Changqing as a gift.
The Zhulin Temple mentioned in the first sentence of the poem is now difficult to know for sure in **, and there are two influential theories: one says that this is an ancient temple built in the Jin Dynasty, and its site is in the south of Danyang City, Jiangsu;It is said that Liu Changqing's poem was written when he was demoted to Sima Sima of Muzhou (now Jiande, Zhejiang) (777-780), and the so-called Zhulin Temple is not the proper name of a certain temple, and the many bamboos next to the temple can be called Zhulin Temple Yunyun. The age is long, the historical materials are lost, and it is not clear whether the temple of Lingche is in Danyang, or in Jiande, or somewhere else.
It doesn't matter if you can't pinpoint the place. Liu Changqing and Venerable Lingche are both people who have been to many places, and there are almost countless green mountains and temples, and when and where the two of them met and parted has little to do with our current understanding of appreciating this poem.
The temple has the rules of the temple, to ring the bell at the point, it is not too late to send a monk back to the temple where he is, now the sun is about to set ("lotus hat with the sun"), you can hear the bell from a distance ("the bell is late"), the other party has to walk a long mountain road alone ("Qingshan alone to return far away"), so I had to quickly break up and send him back. In this prosaic narrative, the poet's reluctance to give up has been revealed quite intimately and fully.
Expressing feelings depends on the relationship with each other, so there are various paths. The friendship between monks and laymen is often relatively calm and long-term, and it is naturally not appropriate to express it directly in poetry—the farewell between lovers and lovers is completely different.
Compared with getting together, parting is always elated, Liu Changqing's artistic conception of the five uniques is clear and quiet, which writes about melodious bells and bright sunshine, so it is still full of vitality. The farewell poem can't be made boring.
With only 20 words in a five-character quatrain, it is very difficult to write an unforgettable mood. And this is precisely Liu Changqing's strength, so it is the "Great Wall of Five Words". He also has a famous song "The Master of Furong Mountain in the Snow": "The mountains are far away at dusk, and the white houses are poor in the cold weather." Chaimen heard the dog barking, and returned to the people on a snowy night. It is also written with only 20 very ordinary words full of poetic human warmth and rare painting environment (see Gu Nong's "Profound and Moving Tang People's Staying Poems", "China Reading News" November 15, 2023, 15th edition of "Chinese Studies"), which is widely recited.
The phrase "Five Words of the Great Wall" was originally Liu Changqing's self-proclaimed (see Quan Deyu's "Qin Zhengjun's School Book and Liu Suizhou's Singing and Poem Preface"), the Tang people are arrogant, and those who have high expectations are not a special case, the problem is that the self-evaluation must be appropriate and can be recognized by everyone. Liu Changqing's self-evaluation was not objected to at that time, and later generations also expressed their approval, such as the Song Dynasty Zhang Jie's "Sui Hantang Poems" said that Changqing's poetry and pen strength are higher than those of his peers, "Its pride, Zimei (Du Fu)'s Piya also." The purpose of the 'Great Wall' is not in vain." At the turn of the Tang Dynasty and the Middle Tang Dynasty, the poet Liu Changqing was indeed a first-class figure, and his excellent works deserve further perusal and fun.
Author: Gu Nong.
Text: Gu Nongtu: Wu Dongkun Editor: Wu Dongkun Editor: Shu Ming.
*Please indicate the source of this article.