Vietnamese General Vo Nguyen Giap, founder of the Vietnamese People s Army, the Red Napoleon taugh

October 13, 2013In Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, the sky was drenching with a light rain, drenching military vehicles decorated with courtesy white. On a tractor-towed artillery rack towed by a truck, a transparent coffin covered with a Vietnamese flag lay silentlyWu YuanjiaThe remains of the general.

The roads are lined with countless Vietnamese citizens who are about to give their last ride to the country's founding fathers.

As the founder of the Vietnamese People's Army, Vo Nguyen Gia participated in almost all the wars in the founding of the Communist Party of Vietnam, and served as the military "number one" in the Vietnamese Communist Army for a long time. He made great achievements in the battles with South Vietnam, the French army and the American army, and was praised as the "Red Napoleon" by the West, and appeared on the cover of Time magazine in the United States three times.

However, this famous Vietnamese general with outstanding military achievements has never participated in systematic military training in his youth, so what does his good military ability come from?

When you dig deeper, people will suddenly realize that his "good teacher" is in China!

In 1911, Vu Nguyen Gia was born in a landlord family in Quang Binh Province, Vietnam, alias Wen, and his parents hoped that the child would be able to be both civil and military in the future.

Wu Yuanjia's father was an educated fanatical nationalist, and this also had a subtle influence on Wu Yuanjia. In 1930,19-year-old Wu Yuanjia was arrested for his involvement in the "anti-French colonial rule".He was later repatriated to his hometown for control.

During the period of control, Vu Nguyen Gia actively studied Xi, worked hard, and finally successfully entered the history department of Hanoi University. After graduating from university in 1937, Wu Yuanjia worked as a history teacher in a private middle school, teaching students the history of his country, fulfilling his parents' expectations for his "literature".

But at that time, Vietnam was already a French colonizer with a long history, and when he told his students about his country's history every day, how could Vu Yuanjia, who had nationalist sentiments, not feel humiliated and eager for national rejuvenation because of this?

As a result, such a scholar studied a large number of political and military ideas in addition to teaching.

Earlier, he wanted to learn from Xi French who colonized his country, so he was keen to explore Napoleon and the French Revolution, but as he went deeper, he realized that Vietnam, which had no industrial base, could follow the route of France

He thought about the reality of Vietnam and suddenly realized that there was something he could learn about Xi - communism. If China, like Vietnam, which is suffering from internal and external troubles and backward industry, can try to follow the communist line, why can't Vietnam?

And at that time, it was toHo Chi Minhfor the coreCommunist Party of Indochina (Indochina refers to French Indochina, which includes Vietnam, Laos, and Burma).is being hyped up"Against fascism, against fascist war".slogans against the colonizers. This made Wu Yuanjia, who had the same pursuit, also have a great impression of communism.

As a result, Wu Yuanjia changed his attitude of learning Xi FranceSeek the writings and ideas of Marx, Lenin, and others。In particular, the military and political remarks of the Chinese Communist Party made Vu Yuanjia deeply inspired and loved, and also made him feel more and more that communism could definitely save Vietnam.

After that, Vo Nguyen Gia began to frequently contribute to some newspapers, combining the theories he had learned with the reality of Vietnam to express his views on the revival of Vietnam.

In 1938, Wu Yuanjia joined the Communist Party of Indochina with great hopeHe began his struggle against the French colonial authorities and his own revolutionary career. It is precisely because of this identity that Wu Yuanjia's family attracted the attention of the French colonial authorities.

In 1940, the German fascists captured France, and Petain came to power. In order to consolidate their colonial rule, the French colonial authorities carried out bloody repression of the communists in the colonies. Wu Yuanjia's new wife was brutally murdered because of her Communist status, and Wu Yuanjia himself went into exile in China.

And in China, Wu Yuanjia finally met Ho Chi Minh, who was 21 years older than him, and followed him all his life.

After this catastrophe, Ho Chi Minh deeply felt the importance of the army to the political party, so he wanted to arrange for Vu Nguyen Gia to go to Yan'anAnti-Japanese Military and Political SchoolXi in preparation for future military struggles.

Wu Yuanjia was full of expectations for this, because during that period of time, Wu Yuanjia was crazy and obsessedof"On Guerrilla Warfare".。It was this "On Guerrilla Warfare" from *** that had a huge impact on Wu Yuanjia's later guerrilla struggle, and it also becameHe later wrote the key theories of the popular book "On Guerrilla Warfare".

But alas,In September 1940, the Japanese army burned the flames of war to Indochina, and Ho Chi Minh decided to lead the Communist Party of Indochina back to Vietnam to form an army to carry out the anti-Japanese struggle.

Although Vo Nguyen Giap had a wealth of military theories, it was all on paper, so Ho Chi Minh did not consider Vo Nguyen Giap as the first person to take charge of the armed forces of Vietnam.

In 1926, he received training at the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangzhou, China, and joined the Chinese Communist Party"Canton Uprising".ofFeng ZhijianUndoubtedly the best candidate in Ho Chi Minh's heart. Unfortunately, in 1941, Feng Zhijian died in a battle with the military and police of the French colonial authorities.

The Communist Party of Vietnam, which was already short of military talents, could only hand over the heavy responsibility of military leadership to Vo Nguyen Giap, who had never had military practice, and he was responsible for the formation of military forces and the armed struggle against the invaders.

Thus, the military career of Vo Nguyen Giap, the founder of the Vietnamese People's Army, began in Vietnam.

Beginning with training a team of 34 peasants with no combat experience, Vo Nguyen Giap, a history instructor, under Ho Chi Minh's leadership, built a people's army belonging to the Communist Party of Vietnam and led the army to wage guerrilla attacks against the invaders in Vietnam. And Wu Yuanjia also gradually revealed his unique military talent in such guerrilla struggles.

On August 15, 1945, after Japan's unconditional surrender, Vo Nguyen Gia followed Ho Chi Minh into Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam, and established the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.

The following year, the French colonial army made a comeback, and the Vietnam War of Resistance against France broke out.

In the four years after the start of the war, Vu Yuanjia, who had no experience in large-scale operations, led the Vietnamese army, which claimed to be 100,000, to retreat in the face of the French colonial army, and almost lost everything. By the time of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the area controlled by the Vietnamese army was only an inch of northern Vietnam's border with China.

Seeing that Vietnam would become a colony again, Ho Chi Minh had no choice but to turn to the newly established New China for help. In line with the concept of assisting the national liberation of all countries and the great unity of the people of the world, China extended a helping hand to Ho Chi Minh.

In addition to the necessary supplies and **,At Ho Chi Minh's request, China also dispatched a military advisory group composed of Chen Geng, Wei Guoqing, and others to aid Vietnam. With the help of all sides of China, Wu Yuanjia regained his strength and reorganized his troops, and in less than a year, he regained a regular army of about 10,000 people.

In order to open up the communication line for China's assistance to Vietnam, Chen Geng and Wu Yuanjia discussed first attacking Dongxi, which was garrisoned by French troops, and then attacking the important Sino-Vietnamese border town of Cao Ping.

But the military quality of the Vietnamese army let itChen GengThe consultant felt a lot of headaches. Chen Geng once wrote in his diary:

"Vietnam and the French are really a wonderful pair of opponents, and they are equal in combat effectiveness on both sides. The French Emperor never took the initiative to rush forward, and every time he put on a fight. I was surprised by the sluggishness and inactivity of the Vietnamese troops. Therefore, almost every time there is a fight, a stalemate is formed. If the Vietnamese side had increased its combat effectiveness, the French Emperor would have been expelled. ”

Chen Geng, who was watching the battle from the side, immediately found Wu Yuanjia and pointed out the problems existing in the army's attack, and asked him to launch a second attack. But on the night of the 17th, when the Vietnamese army launched the second attack, it was the same as the first time, and the number of people was ** large, and they thought about retreating.

The more anxious Chen Geng became, couldn't help but find Wu Yuanjia again, tried his best to persuade the troops to continue the attack, and immediately arranged for a member of the Chinese Affairs Advisory Group to take the war-fearing Yue Regiment Commander to the battlefield to command in the rain of bullets. In this way, the Vietnamese army launched a powerful offensive charge and finally occupied the Dongxi stronghold on the 18th.

Although the war was won, it was a headache for the China Affairs Advisory Group. This first battle,The Vietnamese army of more than 7,000 people besieged 400 French troops, and they were able to be beaten and retreated twice, almost falling short.

Chen Geng and others thought that Wu Yuanjia had no formal military training, so it was understandable that he was immature in military command, and as long as he could listen to the advice of Chinese advisers, he could win the war. But it turned out that it didn't seem easy to teach this student.

Just after capturing Dongxi, Wu Yuanjia felt that the Vietnamese army who had fought for three days was very tired, so he sent soldiers to carry military rations and prepare to rest.

This made the Chinese military advisers very speechless, once they did not take advantage of the victory to pursue, the enemy army rested, and then went to attack Gaoping and faced greater losses, not to mention, it is very likely that it will not be able to attack. If Gao Ping blocks the entire line of communication between China and Vietnam, Vietnam, which lacks material support, will continue its crushing decline.

Chen Geng went to find Wu Yuanjia again and repeatedly stated the importance of pursuing the enemy and continuing to attack Gaoping. Wu Yuanjia urgently called back the soldiers who were carrying the military rations and followed the advice to attack Gaoping.

But it's under siegeGao Ping, it reappearedEast CreekProblems during the battle, the Vietnamese army, which had failed to attack, wanted to retreat. Wu Yuanjia called Chen Geng to discuss the withdrawal of the tired troops.

After Chen Geng received the **, he couldn't help it, and when he thought of the army and commander who were so afraid of war, he was directly angry: "If you don't fight such a battle, there will be no battle to fight!"”

But Wu Yuanjia also wanted to explain: "The troops are too tired, and I think it will be difficult to attack."

Chen GengAs soon as he heard that Wu Yuanjia was still thinking of retreating, he immediately shouted at **"If this kind of battle is not fought, I will roll up and leave!”Then hung up the ** fiercely.

Things got out of hand, and in the end, Ho Chi Minh could only come forward and instruct Vu Yuan Gia to attack. 3 days later,Gao PingThe French army was completely annihilated by the Vietnamese armyThe Sino-Vietnamese communication line was finally opened, and the four-year decline of the Vietnamese army was reversed in one fell swoop.

Under the strict teaching of the Chinese advisory group, Wu Yuanjia continued to grow during the war and eventually became an excellent military commander.

In 1954, with the help of Wei Guoqing and other Chinese advisers, Wu Yuanjia won the Battle of Dien Bien PhuSince then, there has been no threat to Vietnam from the French army in Vietnam. Vietnam won a decisive victory in the War of Resistance against France, and Vo Nguyen Gia became famous all over the world because of this war, and was called"The Tiger of Dien Bien Phu".

At this time, Vu Nguyen Giap's personal prestige also reached its peak, and he was called the "second man" after Ho Chi Minh.

After winning the War of Resistance Against France, Wu Yuanjia was awarded the rank of general and was appointedMinister of Defense of Vietnam, and then plunged into a 10-year war with the American invaders.

In March 1972, Vo Nguyen Giap launched the "Easter Offensive" with almost all of North Vietnam's forces in an attempt to sweep away the South Vietnamese army。Although this offensive failed under the powerful naval and air forces of the US military, it also made the US military realize the "quagmire" of the Vietnam War and had the idea of retreating.

But because of the failure of this "Easter Offensive", Wu Yuanjia was removed from his post by Li Duan**, who had contradictions with him at that time.

Under the pro-Soviet and anti-China line of Li Duan**, Wu Yuanjia's military power was gradually deprived, and Wen Jinyong, who supported Li Duan, took over the military power in an all-round way.

In the 80s of the last century, the contradictions between China and Vietnam intensified, and Wu Yuanjia proposed to "ease the contradictions with China" and was removed from the post of defense minister, and after the Sino-Vietnamese military conflict, Le Duan was removed from the post of secretary of the military commission that he had held for 30 years.

After Le Duan's death, Sino-Vietnamese relations eased.

In order to reconcile relations with China, Vu Nguyen Gia wore a general's dress and attended the 1990 session as a representative of VietnamOpening Ceremony of the Beijing Asian GamesIt also contributed to the normalization of Sino-Vietnamese relations in 1991.

On October 4, 2013, the former leader of Vietnam's party, government and army, and founder of the People's Army, passed away at the age of 102.

On the day of his funeral,Vietnam's first Vietnamese first Truong Tan Trac, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Nguyen Phu Trong, Prime Minister Nguyen Tan Dung, and Chairman of the National Assembly Nguyen Thanh Hung personally supported the soul in the capital Hanoi, and hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese people stood on the side of the road to see him off, and France and the United States highly praised his honor as a soldier.

Vo Nguyen Gia is not like a "pro-China faction" in Vietnam, but more like a "Zhihua faction," and it is precisely because of his understanding of China that he feels more important in developing relations with China. And he himself was a nationalist from beginning to end, and he followed only the interests of the country and the people he loved so much.