Test Center 1 The school sprouts with the education of summer and business
At the end of the clan commune (i.e., the later period of the patrilineal clan commune), socio-economic and political changes promoted continuous changes in education, and the education that originated from the production and labor of primitive society and the needs of social life gradually differentiated, and the germ of school appeared.
1. Primitive society.
During the period of the Five Emperors, the music education institutions (Sungkyun) and the old-age and educational institutions (εΊ ) were all institutions specializing in teaching and learning that were independent of production and labor, and they were the germ of the school.
2.Education in the Xia Dynasty.
1) Preface: Located in the royal capital, it was originally a place to teach "shooting", and later became a place for slave owners and nobles to educate their children.
2) School: Located in the locality, it is a place for military training and martial arts, and it is a township school for the education of civilians.
The purpose of education in the Xia Dynasty was to train members of their own class and their descendants to become warriors who could shoot and fightThe content of education is military training and religious education.
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3.Education in the Shang Dynasty (new knowledge points).
Many of the oracle bone inscriptions unearthed in the Shang Dynasty are related to education. The so-called divination refers to the written records engraved on the carapace of animal bones such as ox blades and tortoise shells by Chinese Late Shang sorcerers in divination activities, and also refers to the compilation compiled by modern scholars to sort out the oracle bone characters of the Late Shang Dynasty.
1) Learning: The education stage is divided into university and primary school or right and left, which is a sign of the maturity of the school. Youxue and Zongzong are both university in nature, and they are different names for the same institution. Universities focus on music education.
2) Zhen: Inheriting the correctional institutions of the Yu Shun period, using the activities of old-age care to carry out ideological and moral education for the younger generation.
3) Preface: Inherited from the correctional institutions of the Xia Dynasty, mainly for military physical education.
The Shang Dynasty schools were run by the state, and education was the prerogative of the slave-owning class, with the aim of producing future rulers who respected the gods and were brave and warlike. The educational content of these schools included ideological and political education, military education, etiquette education, and book education, and they already had the form of the later "six arts" education, and the education of the Western Zhou Dynasty was developed on this basis.
4.The conditions under which the germination of the school arises.
1) The increase in the productive forces of society has led to a surplus of labor production, which has enabled some people to leave production and turn into laborers and engage in education-related work.
2) The need to train people who specialize in managing social affairs has been created, and the emergence of specialized education has been promoted.
3) The production of writing has created favorable conditions for the dissemination of production and life experience, and at the same time, it has also formed the practical needs of producing schools.