Last Friday night, CCTV-1 CCTV comprehensive channel broadcast the third issue of "Liu Zongyuan" of "The Legend of the Grandmaster: The Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". In the program, the cultural context visiting group traveled through the past and the present in a "step for a thousand years", leading the audience to have an in-depth understanding of the family and friendship of the grandmaster Liu Zongyuan, as well as the benevolence and righteousness of the people of the world.
How did the name of "Eight Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties" come about?How did Liu Zongyuan's personality affect his style?If you want to know more about Yoo So-won, what books can you read?Let's talk to you.
The Tang Dynasty inherited the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and it was still an era of prosperity in the United States. At that time, the imperial examination was compared with the law derived from the pun script, and the official document was written in four or six characters of the pun, which required the correspondence of the plain and the strict, the use of allusions to explain the actual intentions, and the exquisiteness of the rhetoric, which naturally caused a lot of obstacles to the free and free expression of ideas. So the Tang Dynasty rose up to write the atmosphere of ancient literature, Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zongyuan practiced, the creation was particularly outstanding, later generations called the "Tang Dynasty Ancient Literature Movement", the Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Wang Anshi, Zeng Gong chased its flow and raised its waves, the creative face of the literary world has been greatly changed, the Ming Dynasty Zhu You, Tang Shunzhi, Mao Kun and others through the article compilation, concentrated Han Liu Ou Su Wang Zeng eight prose, as a model of the article, and "Tang and Song Dynasty eight masters" said, so the name of the high posterity. Among them,Liu Zongyuan and Han Yu sought the same spirit, and in the context of the imperial court's emphasis on scripture and the return to Confucianism, they learned Xi Western Han and vigorously created ancient texts, and became the mainstay of the early Tang and Song Dynasty ancient literature movement. Liu Zongyuan became an outstanding figure in the ancient Chinese literary scene with his own hands and eyes for the various genres he created.
Liu Zongyuan (773-819), with a thick character, was born in the Liushi clan of Hedong, known as Liuhedong, and was also called "Liuliuzhou" for his official Liuzhou assassination history. 
Statue of Yanagi Zongyuan. Hedong County is in the southwest of Shanxi Province today, since ancient times is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization, the family family is stacked, the Northern Dynasty has the saying of "Hedong three surnames", that is, Wenxi Pei's family, Xie County Liu family, Fenyin Xue family, Xie County is in the area of Xie Zhou Town, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province and Yu Town Town, Yongji City. Liu's rise in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty was particularly prosperous, the Tang Gaozong Dynasty lived in the official Shangshu Province, as many as 20 people, the uncle of the Empress Gaozong was the prime minister, and was the ancestor of Liu Zongyuan's cousin. But after the power of the Wuhou Dynasty, the Liu family fell, and his great-grandfather Liu Congyu and grandfather Liu Cha bowed to the county order. Zongyuan's father, Liu Zhen, was famous for his uprightness and not being a good name in the court, and he did not admire Rongli, in order to support his old mother, he asked for the transfer of Wu Di to serve as the commander of Xuancheng County, and he was an official to serve the imperial history. Liu Zongyuan's mother was born in the Fan Yang Lu family, who once asked Tang Wenzong to choose a son-in-law, and sighed that "my family is a son of heaven for two hundred years, and I can't take care of Cui and Lu Ye". Liu Fang is a well-known historian of the Xuanzong Dynasty, and the "Tang Calendar" written by later generations became the basis for the compilation of the old and new "Tang Books" in later generations, and the Liu Gongquan at the same time as Zongyuan later went through the seven dynasties, and the calligraphy of "willow bones" was admired by the world. 
Located in Jincheng, Shanxi, the ancestral hall of the Liu family.
Liu Zongyuan was born in the eighth year of the Great Calendar of Daizong (773) during his father's tenure as the chief secretary of Chang'an County. When he was a teenager, he served as an official with his father in Xiakou, Jiangzhou and other places, and witnessed the hardships of the people and planted the seeds of people-oriented thinking. In addition, he lived in the capital city of Chang'an for most of his time until he was 33 years old. Although the ancestral family has a house in the city, Chang'an City is "not easy to live in", and Zong Yuan, his mother and two sisters live in the suburbs of Chang'an. Zong Yuan was precocious, raised by his mother when he was a teenager, and his mother had dictated the fourteen ancient poems, Zong Yuan "all ironically passed on", and at the age of thirteen, he was "known as a boy at the beginning of Zhen Yuan". In the era of "fifty young jinshi", he was admitted as a "jinshi" at the age of 20, and at the age of 24, he was admitted to the "erudite macro vocabulary department", which was regarded as the hope of the revitalization of the Liu family. "Old Tang Book" commented on him: "Shao Cong is a police officer, especially the poetry of the Western Han Dynasty, the next pen is conceived, and the ancient is the same, the tailoring is dense, and the pearl is like a pearl shell, and the generations at that time pushed it." "New Tang Dynasty Book" commented on him: "Young and sensitive, for the article Zhuo Wei exquisite, a generation of admiration." Han Yu's "Liu Zihou Epitaph" said: "Junjie is honest and tough, discussing the evidence of the present and the ancient, entering and exiting the history of hundreds of sons, being resolute and resolute, and often yielding to his seat." "VisibleIn terms of talent, Liu Zongyuan is not only full of talent, careful and in-depth observation of things, but also sharp thinking, eloquent, courageous in personality, and prefers a grand and dense literary style. 
Song Shicaitang engraved the book shadow of "Mr. Hedong Collection".
Such talent and personality, in good times naturally have their own halo, become the focus of attentionTherefore, Han Yu said that Liu Zongyuan "often bends his seats, his reputation is great, and he admires it for a while, and all the public dignitaries want to order him out of my door and recommend him." In adversity, he is rich and deep in his thoughts and feelings, and his experience of pain is rich and deepThis cannot but be said to have nothing to do with Zong Yuan's short life at the age of forty-seven, not to mention the poor natural environment and lack of medical treatment. Zong Yuan's ** personality also affected his communication. He has become an old friend for many years with the equally upright Liu YuxiRegarding Liu Yuxi's unfortunate experience of degrading Banzhou again and parting with his mother, even in adversity, he still tried to resolve it, and wrote to the imperial court, asking for the exchange of his degraded Liuzhou. His brother-in-law Lu Zun and cousin Liu Zongzhi were influenced by him and have been following him for a long time to stay and study and Xi. Liu Zongyuan's talent and personality, combined with his strong sense of social responsibility, have influenced the political situation and all aspects of literary creation. He was exposed to his father's behavior, took the people's livelihood as his own responsibility, was upright and strong, and had long hoped to make a difference in the face of the chaos of the eunuchs in the feudal towns and the people like ants. Therefore, with the support of Emperor Shunzong, Wang Shuwen and Wang Ling held high the banner of reform, and he naturally had the courage to do things and was jealous. After the failure of the reform and the debasement of the land, if there is no strong invocation, it will be difficult to return to the DPRK and China, and those who can effectively invoke it are often afraid that it is upright and difficult to control. So Liu Zongyuan sighed: "Isn't it enough to be political?""Long-term operation of the local area, with administrative ability to benefit the people. During the period when Liuzhou finally came to power, he adapted measures to local conditions, freed slaves and maids, established education, educated the people, built temples, eliminated obscenity, gave full play to his wisdom and talents, and did a lot of practical things that were beneficial to the people's livelihood. Liu Zongyuan's merits in establishing the world have actually surpassed "words", not only "meritorious service", but even have a certain "virtue", which was praised as "Liuliuzhou" by later generations. 
In the program, Liu Zongyuan "returned" to today's Liuzhou, such talent and personality, and even his preference for literary style and aesthetic choice, which gave Liu Zongyuan's literary creation a unique look. In his early years, his writings were considered to be "exquisite", "clever and profound", and "majestic and elegant". It was scattered in Yongzhou for ten years, "living idle, benefiting from hard work, remembering and reading, for the words and chapters, flooding and saving, for the profound and boundless, and self-indulgent between the mountains and rivers", which added a quiet and profound aspect to his literary creation. In Liuzhou, the theme, genre, and style have changed. His politics is magnificent, sharp and precise;His fables make good use of animal anthropomorphism, which is wonderful and interestingHis biographical writing is boundless;His landscape travelogue is cold and pure;His endowment has to be Qu Sao's purpose;His five ancient are elegant and profound, and his seven laws are beautiful and sorrowfulHis quatrains are fresh and often reveal bleak pathos. Liu Zongyuan's literary creation, all of which have both bodies and their own faces, all have attainments, and Han Yu is called "Han Liu", and Liu Yuxi is called "Liu Liu", and Wang Wei, Meng Haoran, Wei Yingwu is called "Wang Meng Weiliu", in general, the achievements of literature are higher than poetry.
Song Ke's "Five Hundred Zhuyin Debate Tang Liu's Anthology" book shadow.
Liu Zongyuan's works were commissioned by Liu Yuxi to be compiled into 30 volumes during his lifetime, but unfortunately this collection was lost early, and a Liu preface was left in the "Collected Works of Mr. Hedong" re-edited by Mu Xiu in the Northern Song Dynasty. Since then, there have been endless annotations, including Sun Ruting, Wen Yan, Liu Song, Tong Zongshuo, Zhang Dunyi, Yan Youyi, Pan Wei, Han Alcohol, Ge Qiao, Wang Yan and so on. The annotated version of the complete collection of today's people is written by Yin Zhanhua and Han Wenqi"Liu Zongyuan's Collection of Proofnotes".(Chung Hwa Book Company, 2013 edition), a collection of previous annotations and commentaries by article, and to solve the problem, annotate and then click to remove, at the end of the chronology, research materials, etc., the content is particularly comprehensive and rigorous. The more concise ones have been there lately"Liu Zongyuan Collection".(Chung Hwa Book Company, 2017 edition). 
Liu Zongyuan's Collection of Proofnotes (Basic Series of Chinese Classical Literature).
If you want to know more about Liu Zongyuan's behavior, especially in all aspects of academic and literary creation, you can read Mr. Sun Changwu's 20 years of hard work"The Biography of Liu Zongyuan".(Chung Hwa Book Company, 2019 edition), and if you want to learn more about its philosophical thoughts, historical concepts, political thoughts, literary thoughts, and religious views, you can read it"Liu Zongyuan's Commentary".(Chung Hwa Book Company 2020 edition), and even"Liu Zongyuan, Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism, and the Three Teachings of the New Theory".(Chung Hwa Book Company, 2020 edition). 
If you pay attention to the life of Liu Zongyuan, you can read it"Kang Zhen Talks about Liu Zongyuan".(Chung Hwa Book Company, 2021 edition). 
For children who want to know about Liu Zongyuan's personality and experience, they can choose the "Chinese Sage Character Story Collection" series"Liu Zongyuan".(Chung Hwa Book Company 2023 edition).