Not long ago, Lu Lin, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, speculated about the impact of the new crown epidemic on human psychology in the popular science column "Science and Technology China: Academicians Talk", and he said that this psychological impact will continue at least20 years
He gave a data that since the outbreak of the new crown epidemic, the social environment has changed dramatically, and the global number of new people has increased70 millionDepressed patients,90 millionPeople with anxiety disorders,Hundreds of millions of people suffer from insomnia disorders. A recent report released by the World Health Organization also showed that the incidence of anxiety and depression increased significantly globally in the first year of the pandemic。Lu Lin reminded in the "Academician Lecture" that under the current social environment and the downward pressure of the economyThe public should be psychologically prepared for the long term, regulate their emotions in time, and ensure sleep.
According to the Chinese Mental Health Survey, the lifetime prevalence of depressive disorders in China is as follows, where depression is, the current number of people suffering from depression in our country95 million, about every year10,000 people committed suicide, among themSuffering from depression.
World Health Organization (WHO) statistics, global approximatelyBillions of people are suffering from mental disorders, each40 secondsOne person lost his life to suicide, and low- and middle-income countries account for all suicides globally
After the pandemic, the global burden of mental disorders has increased, with cases of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders increasing, respectivelywith, a surge in depressed patients10,000, an increase of up to。The pressure of the epidemic has brought greater challenges to the diagnosis and development of depression.
Research published in The Lancet in 2021 noted that the pandemic has brought public health security factors to the fore, but other complex social factors associated with inequality have not disappeared, as previous studies have shownWomen and young people have been hit hardest by the pandemic.
At the same time, the public still knows little about depression, and patients with depression still face problems such as strong stigma, lack of disease education, and difficulty in seeking medical treatment.
To this end, the Institute of Depression, in conjunction with People's Health Client, Good Mood, Lundbeck China, collected in the depression patient communityeffective questionnaires to jointly create the "2022 National Blue Book on Depression".
fromCurrent status of national depression, current situation of patients with depression, current status of patients' medical treatment, current status of patients' medication, and prevention and interventionand other 5 aspects, objectively and comprehensively reflect the whole picture and changes of depression in China, and call on the people to attach great importance to mental health and more effective emerging ways.
01 Causes of depression
There are, respectivelywithof patients believe that emotional stress and family parent-child relationships are the main causes of depression;Intimacy and career development are the second, accounting for respectively45% and 35%.
Many times, people will bury negative emotions in their hearts, and not only will they not be able to resolve them, but they will risk falling into depression.
In fact, these emotions need to be confronted and expressed, and we need to be aware of:The existence of negative emotions is inherently normal and common.
02 50% of patients with depression are school students
Depression patients under the age of 18 account for the total number;Students in school account for the total number of depressed patients
The incidence of depression tends to be younger, and the society urgently needs to pay attention to the mental health of adolescents.
The prevalence of depression in adolescents has been reached, almost close to **.
Studies have shown that depression in adulthood begins in adolescence.
03 Neglected Adolescent Depression: Sick children often have a sick home.
Yes77% and 69%.of students are prone to depression in interpersonal and family relationships.
of students in the family experience harshness, neglect, lack of affection, and conflict in domestic violence.
Causes of depression in adolescentsIn the process of adolescents suffering from depression, if parents can observe their children's movements in time and give their children effective attention and guidance in time, they can be able to a certain extentAffect the future direction of your child's condition. If many parents only see the superficial behavior of their children, and do not see the emotional and mental factors behind their children, they arbitrarily summarize the problem as:Hate Xi, adolescent rebellion, or lack of concentrationOver time, adolescent depressive tendencies become more and more serious, and severe cases may have self-harm, self-abuse, and even suicidal tendencies. Therefore, if teenagers have a tendency to depression, as parents, we must not ignore it, and we must take the initiative to build a benign communication system between society, family, and individuals, and gradually influence each other to guide teenagers to change little by little.
04 Depression in the workplace: The Internet and the education and training industry are the hardest hit areas
At present, the hardest hit area of depression in the workplace is notInternet and educationThe training industry is the same.
According to statistics, ChinaThe company does not provide psychological assistance services to its employees. The Internet and education industries are seriously involuted and often required"24-hour standby"., often making it difficult for employees to separate work and life.
The workload is heavy and the pursuit is too high, and these high standards and strict requirements are very easy to cause physical and psychological problemsInsomnia, anxiety, drowsinessIn severe cases, it may lead to headaches and even vomiting.
Because of the lack of professional knowledge about depression, many people tend to confuse depression with other mental illnesses, and many people are always difficult to talk about their depression and avoid medical treatment.
05 The prevalence in women is higher than in men
Women make up about 100 percent of people with depression, much higher than males;
The prevalence of depression in women is about that of men2 times
According to a number of studies and reports published by The Lancet, women have been negatively affected by the social and economic impact of the pandemicLarger.
For example:Hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, menopauseSubcategories such as female reproductive related depression are also known as reproductive depression.
Depression affects not only women's physical health, but also their social relationships, careers, and sense of self-worth, and their condition is compounded by physiological and external stimuli.
06 Postpartum depression: 1 in 5 mothers is depressed
Women have suffered from postpartum depression;Women have suffered from depression during pregnancy.
The patient's family does not care enough about the patient with postpartum depression;The family members thought they were hypocritical, and even sarcastic.
Changes in social and family status, breastfeeding, body shape, and disconnection from society are the main triggers for the outbreak of postpartum depression.
The clinical features of postpartum depression, like depression, can be long-termDecreased social interaction, low mood, insomnia and burnoutIn severe cases, self-harm, self-abuse, and even suicidal tendencies may occur.
In addition, the traditional image of being a mother has led many people to take for granted the dedication and sacrifice of women for the sake of their families and children, and those who are unable to make the same sacrificesNaturally, it is also difficult to get out of this kind of family pressure.
07 Depression in old agePatient: What is most needed is the care of the child
Anxiety about chronic illness** is cited by older patients as the main cause of depression;Think of it as a sense of uselessness and loneliness.
Child care is the most effective way to alleviate depression, and this is:A common view of older patients.
Older people are already marginalized, and their loneliness and depression are often not well understood.
In the course of clinical practice, many elderly patients suffer from a lack of correct understanding of the diseaseAnd self-discontinuation of the drug, resulting in the recurrence of the condition, deeply tormented by it.
If the depression of the elderly is not effective, to a certain extent, the suicide rate of the elderly will increase, and then bring a painful blow to the family and society.
08 What are the pain points of depressed patients?
The cost is highof patients do not consider the main reason for psychological **.
Patients receiving drugs** are often troubled by various drugs***;of patients said that they couldn't bear to get fat because of **.
Depression** rates are high;Medication adherence is affected by depression**First factor.
One of the concerns of depressed patients is how to maximize the safe and effective dose in the absence of knowledge about depression medicationsAvoid having adverse reactions on your own.
There is a need to put mental health at the heart of universal health coverage.
At the same time, medical practitioners should also combine care and care in addition to drugs** to meet the psychological needs of patients. 09 Patient in **
At the first visitBasically, they will choose a public comprehensive tertiary hospital;of patients will choose to be seen in a psychiatric hospital.
Public, authoritative hospitals and doctors, often the patient's preferred choice.
At present, the domestic psychological industry is still in its infancy, and many patients are worried that encountering unreliable doctors will not only waste money but also delay their illness, so they are more inclined to choose public and professional doctors.
10 The pandemic has changed the way depressed patients seek care
of patients have changed the way they seek medical care due to the pandemic.
patients will spend one day at the time of their follow-up visitOnlyThe patient spends less than 1 hour.
As a public health emergency, the new crown epidemic has brought significant psychological impact to the world, and during the epidemic, patients are facing offline medical treatmentTravel is difficult, the process is complicated, and it takes too longand so on.
11 Current status of medication and medical treatment for patients with depression
of patients who buy drugs onlineBuy your medication at the hospital.
of patients do not know enough about the drugs they are taking;OnlyThe patient understands how to reduce the drug.
of patients are able to receive ** consultation (Internet Hospital) in the way.
Unlike physical diseases, most psychiatric diseases do not rely on the examination of instruments and equipment and the examination of biochemical indicators, but rely on the strong theoretical knowledge and practical experience of doctorsJudgment is made through communication and observation with the patient.
As a new model in the medical field, digital medicine has improved the acceptance of diagnosis and treatment by patients with mental and psychological diseases.
In the breakingThe temporal and spatial barriers of medical services, improve the best effect, improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment, and highlight the personalization and intelligenceand other aspects have irreplaceable advantages.
12 How do patients learn about depression?
The patient's ability to acquire knowledge of depressive disorders is: psychologicalIt is an online social platform such as station B, Weibo, and Xiaohongshu.
13 Development status of China's psychiatric and psychological industry
With the global outbreak of the pandemic, mental health issues have become a major concern
Studies have shown that among the new crown **, there areShows depression,There are PTSD symptoms,Accompanied by anxiety,Sleep disturbances.
At present, there is only one per million people in our country20 peopleMental health services are available, and the United States ispeople, the differenceFold.
Even before the 2019 pandemic, only a small percentage of people in need had access to and affordable access to high-quality mental health care.
High-income countriesMentally ill people can get **, low-income countries onlyMental health care services are available to people with mental illness.
Currently domesticThere is no psychiatric department in general hospitals, and the number of outpatients with depression is increasing every year
China's mental health market is expected to beMore than 30 times the room for growth.
Summary:
Our country has95 million people with depressionAs the most common mood disorder with the highest burden of disease, depression is not far away from us, and even its "claws" have extended to adolescents and children.
dataThirty per cent are under the age of 18, of whom 50 per cent are school studentsThis data continues to increase with the epidemic. Every child can suffer from depression, and if it happens, it can seriously damage the physical and mental health of the student.
Before the mental health problems of adolescents occur, preventive measures should be taken in time to avoid them"Only **, not prevention". For example, most parents and educators can recognize the importance of mental health education, but there are some neglected problems in the implementation of mental health education.
Everyone only thinks that mental health education is mainly to correct students' bad psychological problems until the child has problemsIt occurred to me to care, educate and interveneIt is more about psychological counseling for students who have already developed psychological problems, and there is no thought of directly cutting off the source of the problem and taking preventive measures. When paying attention to students' mental health problems, in order to avoid risks and errors, it is necessary to rely on objective and fair evidence to assist students in making correct self-evaluation, that is, psychological assessment needs to be adopted.
Psychometric assessments are based on:Characteristics of the psychological development of primary and secondary school studentsQuestionnaires and scales developed by domestic and foreign subject experts and revised by domestic authoritative psychology experts were selected for professional psychological assessment, and their reliability and validity were strictly tested and used publicly only after they met the standards. Through the above standard process, the accuracy of the test results is ensured, so as to achieve the purpose of selecting students with real psychological problemsTimely intervention and prevention,Avoid tragedy.
Article** Huangshan Juvenile Psychological Counseling Center* Statement: This article is ** and is used for the purpose of Xi education. If there is any error or infringement of the rights and interests of the right holder, please leave a message, we will correct and delete it in time, thank you.