Foreword:
Machine guns, an indispensable pillar of the Chinese infantry. In the decades of war in the 20th century, machine guns have always been the main firepower of the Chinese infantry, from light machine guns to heavy machine guns, various types of machine guns emerge in an endless stream. This article will provide an in-depth analysis of the evolution of machine guns in China between 1950 and 2010, revealing the innovations in their tactical use.
One: Infantry machine gun tactics and the U.S.-Russian formation.
The armament of the machine guns significantly increased the fire density of the infantry, and the tactics of small groups of skirmishers were changed from dense formations. The infantry shock is assembled at a distance of 5,000 meters, and by sparse formation, it approaches to 200-400 meters under the cover of fire, and the scientific and reasonable distance not only avoids the threat of enemy fire, but also carries out the impact outside the effective range of the infantry. This tactic focuses on speed, and unlike the US military's long-term firing at each other, our army is able to capture positions in a short period of time and give full play to the quality of individual soldiers and superior psychological quality.
The shock formation of the infantry company was in a trapezoidal shape of about 200 meters, divided into two lines, and each infantry squad was divided into three groups, two of which were assault and one group provided fire support. Heavy machine guns are usually arranged on either side of the trapezoid, firing obliquely to avoid fire passing through the trapezoid. Machine gun firing requires checking whether the fire is out of line at all times and maintaining tacit cooperation with the infantry. After the infantry charged, the artillery extended to the depths, and the remaining points of fire were solved by the infantry themselves.
The infantry charged to 50 meters from the enemy, threw grenades, the machine gunners provided cover, and the infantry occupied a line of trenches. Subsequently, the infantry company is in formation, and can continue to launch an assault or counterattack. The rapid execution of this tactic prevented the enemy from reacting quickly and provided strong support for the PLA to win the battle.
Two: Chinese machine guns in 1950-1979.
In the mid-50s, China began to imitate various types of machine guns, including Type 56, Type 57, Type 58, etc. The Type 53 became the main equipment of the infantry battalion, but its weight and movement in the southern mountains and other terrain were limited, and it was difficult to meet the operational needs. To this end, the military industry improved the Type 53 and designed the Type 67 universal machine gun. However, its reliability was poor and its failures were frequent, and it was discontinued in 1974.
In 1979, China restarted the production of the Type 67-1 heavy machine gun, but faced with a self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, the army lacked confidence in its reliability and had to re-equip the Type 53. However, the Vietnamese army was equipped with Soviet-made 12The power of the 7mm anti-aircraft machine gun exceeds that of the Type 53, which causes the PLA infantry company to face a huge challenge in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam.
Three: Chinese machine guns from 1980-2010.
In order to solve the need for lightly armored targets, the Ministry of Engineering designed the Type 80 general-purpose machine gun, which was copied from the Soviet-made PKM PKMS general-purpose machine gun. After a year of imitation, the Type 80 general-purpose machine gun was significantly superior in accuracy, longevity and tactical performance. Its lightweight design, simple construction, and reliability on the battlefield make it highly recognized by the troops. It was finalized as a Type 86 side-by-side machine gun and deployed to the Airborne Forces, Marine Corps and Special Forces.
Despite the excellent performance of the Type 80 general-purpose machine gun, the superiors required the infantry units to use their own products, forcing the Type 67-1 heavy machine gun to be improved to the Type 67-2 heavy machine gun, which was close to the Type 80 in performance, but gradually did not adapt to the battlefield environment at that time. In the 80s, in the face of a huge Soviet armored cluster, our army urgently needed a large-caliber heavy machine gun that could fight lightly armored targets.
Blockbuster interpretation: China's machine gun evolution, tactical change to firearms innovation!
This article profoundly shows the historical trajectory of the development of machine guns in China, as well as tactical applications and innovations in different historical periods. First of all, the article gives a detailed description of infantry machine gun tactics, highlighting the important role of machine guns in changing infantry formations and increasing fire density. The infantry's tactical flexibility and rapid response allowed the PLA to quickly occupy positions on the battlefield, which showed a significant advantage over other armies.
Secondly, the article combs the history of the development of machine guns in China, from 1950 to 2010, through the improvement and imitation of various types of machine guns, showing China's unremitting efforts in the field of firearms. Especially in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam, the article reveals the flexibility and continuous improvement of the squadron in the face of actual battlefield challenges.
In the final part, the article focuses on the development and application of the Type 80 general-purpose machine gun, emphasizing its lightweight design, reliability, and excellent performance in real combat. At the same time, the improvement of the Type 67-2 heavy machine gun also reflects the efforts of the Chinese industry to continuously improve the performance. The strategic needs of this period, such as the need for lightly armored targets, promoted the technological innovation of machine guns in our country, so as to achieve greater advantages on the battlefield.
On the whole, the comments of the article can be carried out from the following aspects: first, the uniqueness of the PLA in the use of tactics and the role of infantry in the evolution of tactics are emphasized;Secondly, pay attention to the historical evolution of the development of machine guns in China, especially the way to deal with it in the self-defense counterattack against Vietnam;Finally, highlight China's R&D strength in modernization, such as the Type 80 general-purpose machine gun, as well as its keen insight into military needs. Through detailed historical narration and profound analysis, the whole article presents readers with a vivid picture of the development of machine guns in China.
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