The Prosperous Commerce of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty's Trend of "Applying to the World": Aesthetic Transformation in Art Communication.
The development and spread of painting art in the Song Dynasty showed a unique aesthetic evolution under the influence of the social environment. Starting from the social, economic and cultural changes of the Song and Song dynasties, we can see the differences in the aesthetic taste of audiences in different periods, which are not only subject to the influence of economic development, but also shaped by the social and political pattern.
1.Commercial prosperity and the concept of aesthetic "elegance and vulgarity".
During the Northern Song Dynasty, economic prosperity brought new thinking to the aesthetic concept of the audience of art communication. Changes in the structure of political geography and the growth of overseas ** led to new changes in tributary relations, and books dedicated to overseas situations even appeared in the Northern Song Dynasty. This kind of economic exchange not only brought about the convergence of foreign cultures, but also expanded the horizons of the Song Dynasty people and promoted the diversification of aesthetic tastes.
The prosperity of urban planning and commerce has made hedonistic consumer goods popular in society. Not only the people, but also the literati and doctors also showed a clear hedonistic mood. This change in lifestyle has affected the expectation horizon of the art audience, making the aesthetic concept show a more diverse trend.
2.Socio-political changes and the reproduction of "vulgar" culture.
The Northern Song Dynasty's policy of advocating literature and suppressing martial arts and a relaxed cultural environment provided space for the reproduction of "vulgar" cultural factors. The mobility of social classes has increased the mobility among art audiences, which is conducive to the two-way transmission of cultural ideas and aesthetic concepts from the aristocracy to the commoners. This makes the aesthetic interests of the art audience richer and more diverse.
The development of society, economic prosperity and population density in the Northern Song Dynasty increased the demand for cultural and artistic activities. The emergence of artist associations and elegant gatherings has enriched cultural life, and art dissemination has shown more colorful characteristics. At the same time, the popularization of Song Dynasty painting is also inseparable from the secularization of the audience's attitude towards life and aesthetic taste.
3.The deep reasons for the aesthetic differences between the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty.
During the Northern and Southern Song periods, there were some obvious differences in aesthetic taste, which not only stemmed from the external reasons of the social and political environment, but also was influenced by the internal influence of the ideological level. The policy of recuperation and recuperation after the end of the war in the Northern Song Dynasty led to a large number of civilian officials entering the imperial court with the plan of governing the country with civil and military suppression, which determined the trend of social customs. The Northern Song court audience was more inclined to opulent or imposing works, while the literati audience was more interested in works that expressed one's spiritual interests.
The economy of the Southern Song Dynasty gradually recovered, the war situation eased, and the aesthetic characteristics of the art audience also changed. The audience of art communication in the Southern Song Dynasty presents an aesthetic taste of peace and ease, elegance and refinement. This difference is not only affected by the changes in the geographical environment, but also closely related to the resentment in the early Southern Song Dynasty and the later spread of the idea of "applying it to the world".
4.The influence of the Southern Song Dynasty's idea of "applying it to the world" on aesthetic concepts.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, the spread of the idea of "applying it to the world" made artistic aesthetics gradually pay attention to practical functions. The practical function of art became the focus of art criticism in the Southern Song Dynasty, and the rational understanding of the acceptance of art in the Southern Song Dynasty began to emerge. This ideological change made the artistic aesthetics of the Southern Song Dynasty pay more attention to practicality, which is in sharp contrast to the aesthetic characteristics of the Northern Song Dynasty.
5.Trends in pluralism in art communication.
During the Song and Song dynasties, literati and court painters influenced each other, showing a diverse aesthetic orientation. Although there are certain differences in art criticism, both the Northern and Southern Song art audiences exhibit aesthetic diversity. From the perspective of artistic style, the two share a certain commonality, reflecting the diversified trend of the audience's aesthetic taste.
Epilogue. 
In the process of spreading the art of painting in the Song Dynasty, the changes in social context and economic development jointly shaped the aesthetic concept of the audience. From commercial prosperity to social and political changes, and then to the ideological changes of the Northern and Southern Song dynasties, artistic communication and aesthetic changes are intertwined, presenting a rich and colorful historical picture.
The aesthetic evolution of painting art in the Song Dynasty is a thought-provoking historical picture, and this article makes an in-depth analysis of its social, economic, and cultural changes, and examines the differences between the aesthetic concepts of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, as well as the deep reasons behind them. This aesthetic change is not only the evolution of artistic style, but also a comprehensive reflection of social development, political pattern and ideological concepts.
First, the article mentions the impact of the economic boom during the Northern Song Dynasty on the audience of art communication. The boom in commerce gave birth to the idea of "elegance and vulgarity", so that the spread of art was no longer confined to the aristocracy, but began to encompass a wider range of social groups. The emergence of this diverse audience has brought about a diversity of aesthetic tastes, and art is no longer limited to elegance, but also focuses on all aspects of folk life.
Secondly, socio-political changes have also shaped aesthetic concepts to a certain extent. The Northern Song Dynasty's policy of advocating literature and suppressing martial arts provided the soil for the reproduction of "vulgar" culture, and the increased mobility of social classes enabled cultural ideas and aesthetic concepts to spread in both directions between different classes. This made the artistic aesthetics in the Northern Song Dynasty show the characteristics of "both elegance and vulgarity", which laid the foundation for the later aesthetic changes.
The article also profoundly points out the differences in aesthetic concepts in the Northern and Southern Song dynasties. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the spread of the idea of "applying it to the world" made artistic aesthetics pay more attention to practical functions, which was in stark contrast to the "simultaneous development of elegance and vulgarity" in the Northern Song Dynasty. This difference is not only influenced by the geographical environment, but also shaped by the feelings of resentment and ideology in the later stages of the war. The aesthetic characteristics of the Southern Song Dynasty are "peaceful, comfortable, elegant and refined", which is in sharp contrast to the aesthetic trend of the Northern Song Dynasty, showing the profound impact of the changes of the times on the aesthetic concept.
This paper emphasizes the trend of diversification of art audiences in the Northern and Southern Song dynasties. The interaction between literati and court painters and the emergence of a pluralistic aesthetic orientation provides an explanation for the uniqueness of Song art. In terms of the value judgment of art criticism, the audiences of the Song and Song dynasties showed aesthetic diversity, reflecting the pluralistic development of society.
Overall, this article provides an in-depth analysis of the aesthetic evolution of painting art in the Song Dynasty, while showing the intertwined relationship between society, economy, and culture. By comparing the aesthetic concepts of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty, readers can more comprehensively understand the historical context of this period, as well as the interrelationship between aesthetic concepts and social development.
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