Exclusive article by China's well-off network.
Text|Wu Xiao. In the work of cultural relics, "protection" comes first. Weaving a "safety net" for the protection of cultural relics requires the joint efforts of many parties.
Recently, a cliff statue in Nanjiang County, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, which was excavated in the late Northern Wei Dynasty and more than 1,400 years ago, was "disfigured" by local villagers with paint. According to the preliminary investigation report, Li Mouhua, a resident of Langzhong City, Sichuan Province, entrusted Wang Mouguo (Li Mouhua's mother), a villager of Jinyin Village, Chixi Town, Nanjiang County, Bazhong City, to ask Yue Moubang, a villager of Shehongzhai in Gaota Town, to paint part of the cliff statues of Shifeihe River to "dress and repay". It is reported that the statue was only discovered in 2021, and has not yet been included in the cultural preservation unit, although there is monitoring and greenhouse protection, but due to the remoteness, it is too late to stop the situation, and relevant experts are currently being invited to demonstrate, and try their best to restore the original appearance.
As soon as the incident came out, it quickly appeared on the hot search and sparked heated discussions. And this is not an isolated case. According to the report, in August 2018, the Buddha statue in the Fengmen Temple Grottoes in Anyue County, Ziyang City, Sichuan Province had a similar "experience" - it was repainted with paint and repaired with cement, and after on-site inspection, it was found that there were 13 local cultural relics where the Buddha statue was indeed "reshaped by makeup and improper maintenance". The gray exterior walls of the Shakya Hall and Maitreya Hall of Fanjing Mountain in Tongren, Guizhou, were painted pink during the repair. In addition, there are many ancient tombs, ancient Great Wall, and ancient dwellings, which are not considered cultural relics in the eyes of the local people, and do not feel how precious they are, and they are treated more casually, and they have also suffered a lot of damage. All of this is very heart-wrenching. There are statistics in our country 76Among the 70,000 immovable cultural relics, only 5,058 can be protected by the state, less than 07%。For those cultural relics scattered in the countryside and mountains, which are not included in the register and are relatively unpopular, more attention should be paid to their protection.
Artifacts carry history and memory, and any alteration may cause irreversible damage. The "People's Republic of China Cultural Relics Protection" clearly stipulates that the repair of cultural relics protection units should be reported to the corresponding cultural relics administrative department for approval according to the level of the cultural relics protection units, and the units that have obtained the qualification certificate for cultural relics protection projects shall undertake them. The work of cultural relics is carried out in the principle of "protection first, rescue first".
1. Rational utilization and strengthening management", and "protection" ranks first. Weaving a "safety net" for the protection of cultural relics requires the joint efforts of many parties.
First, it is necessary to raise the awareness of the broad masses of the people in the protection of cultural relics. Therefore, it is not only necessary to vigorously popularize the basic knowledge of cultural relics protection, but also to enhance the corresponding legal awareness, so that people can actively participate in the protection of cultural relics and form a solid line of defense that all staff attach importance to. Article 2 of the "Cultural Relics Protection of the People's Republic of China" stipulates that ancient cultural sites, ancient tombs, ancient buildings, cave temples, stone carvings and murals with historical, artistic and scientific value are protected by the state as cultural relics. Article 64 stipulates that anyone who intentionally or negligently damages a precious cultural relic under the protection of the State shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law if it constitutes a crime. Article 66 stipulates: If the immovable cultural relics are repaired without authorization, and the original state of the cultural relics is obviously changed, but it does not constitute a crime, the competent department for cultural relics of the people's ** at or above the county level shall order corrections, and if serious consequences are caused, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed;Where the carving, defacement, or damage to cultural relics is not serious, the public security organ or the unit where the cultural relics belong shall give a warning and may also impose a fine.
Second, the cultural relics protection departments in all localities must strengthen their sense of responsibility. It is necessary to do a good job in supervision, and carry out unified mapping and protection of cultural relics within the jurisdictionSpecific plans for cultural relics protection can be set to further optimize the processAttach importance to the survey of cultural relics, especially the state of protection of low-level cultural relics. Experts and the public should reach a certain dynamic protection mechanism in the protection of cultural relics, and form a good interaction between the department's grading protection, expert scientific advice, and people's spontaneous supervision and protection.
Third, to strengthen the protection of cultural relics, we should also make cultural relics "come alive". In addition to comprehensively strengthening the protection and management of cultural relics, it is also necessary to correctly handle the relationship between them and urban and rural construction and tourism development, fully tap the value of cultural relics, expand the effective ways to make cultural relics "come alive", and constantly highlight the value of the times contained in cultural relics. At the same time, it will guide the participation of social forces, so that a direct emotional bond can be established between the protection of cultural relics and the public, and a good atmosphere for the protection of cultural relics will be created.
The author is a director and a senior commentator).
Moderately Prosperous", China Well-off Network Exclusive Article).
This article was published in the early December 2023 issue of Xiaokang.