As one of the important crops in China, the yield of soybean is of great significance to meet people's demand for food and feed. However, in order to increase soybean yields, in addition to seed selection, irrigation and other measures, fertilization is also a key part. This article will introduce the fertilization time and method of soybean in detail, and provide practical planting management skills for the majority of farmers.
1. Fertilization time
Basal fertilizer: Sufficient basal fertilizer should be applied before soybean planting to improve soil fertility. The base fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, such as livestock and poultry manure, plant straw, etc., and chemical fertilizers can be added in an appropriate amount. When applying basal fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer should be determined according to soil fertility and soybean variety characteristics, generally 1000-2000 kg of organic fertilizer and 20-30 kg of chemical fertilizer per mu.
Top dressing: During the growth of soybeans, top dressing should be carried out according to its growth and soil fertility status. Generally, top dressing is carried out at the early flowering stage and grain drum stage of soybean to promote the growth and development of soybean and increase yield. Top dressing should be based on nitrogen fertilizer, supplemented by phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer should be determined according to soil fertility and soybean growth, generally 5-10 kg of urea and 10-20 kg of superphosphate per mu.
Second, fertilization methods
Strip application: Dig a ditch between the soybean planting rows, apply fertilizer evenly into the ditch, and then cover the soil. Strip application is conducive to the absorption and utilization of fertilizer, but care should be taken not to damage the soybean root system when fertilizing.
Hole application: Dig a hole near the soybean plant, apply fertilizer into the hole, and then cover the soil. Acupuncture application is beneficial to improve the nutrient absorption efficiency of soybean roots.
Spraying: The fertilizer is formulated into a solution and evenly sprayed on the soybean plants using a spray gun or sprayer. Spraying can increase the nutrient absorption efficiency of soybean leaves and promote the growth and development of soybean.
3. Precautions
When fertilizing, the amount of fertilizer and the type of fertilizer should be determined according to the soybean growth stage and soil fertility status.
Fertilizer should avoid damaging the soybean root system, so as not to affect its growth and development.
The frequency of watering should be appropriately increased under drought conditions to promote the absorption of nutrients by soybeans.
In the rainy season, attention should be paid to drainage to avoid the growth of soybeans affected by waterlogging.
When spraying, attention should be paid to evenly spraying to avoid excessive or too concentrated fertilizer solution to damage soybean leaves.
Soybean fertilization is one of the important measures to improve yield and quality. In order to achieve good fertilization results, it is necessary to determine the amount of fertilizer and the type of fertilizer according to the growth stage of the soybean and the soil fertility status, and adopt appropriate fertilization methods. At the same time, in the process of soybean growth, attention should also be paid to preventing pests and weeds to ensure the healthy growth of soybeans. I hope this article can be helpful to the majority of farmers in soybean planting management.