At 23:59 on December 18, Beijing time, 6Magnitude 2**, hypocenter depth 10 km (details). So far, ** has caused 100 deaths in Gansu and 11 deaths in Qinghai. The epicenter and surrounding houses and infrastructure such as water, electricity, and roads were damaged to varying degrees.
It is very important to learn Xi effective methods of disaster prevention in advance, and learn the correct escape posture when the first disaster comes, which can minimize the injury rate. What are the signs before coming?How should we store emergency supplies, and how to evacuate and save ourselves in the event of an accident?We must have a firm grasp of these knowledge points!
Question 1: What is **?What are the signs?
A1:
**(Earthquake)., also known as ground movement and ground vibration, is a natural phenomenon caused by the rapid release of energy from the earth's crust, during which ** waves will be generated. **, the most basic phenomenon is the continuous vibration of the ground, which is mainly characterized by obvious shaking. There are three main belts in the world: the Pacific Rim Belt, the Eurasian Belt, and the Mid-Ocean Ridge Belt. China** is mainly distributed in five regions of China: Taiwan, Southwest, Northwest, North China and Southeast Coast.
The main cause of **It is the squeezing and collision between the plates on the earth, resulting in the dislocation and rupture of the edge of the plate and the interior of the plate. The place where it begins is called the hypocenter, and the ground directly above the epicenter is called the epicenter. In the epicenter area, the ** wave directly incident on the ground, the transverse wave is manifested as shaking left and right, the longitudinal wave is manifested as jumping up and down, and the longitudinal wave propagation speed is faster than that of the transverse wave.
**There are signs such as water anomalies, biological anomalies, meteorological anomalies, geodynamic anomalies, and geo-atmospheric anomalies.
The details are as follows: 1. Water anomalies: water anomalies include turbidity, bubbling, turning flowers, heating up, changing color, changing taste, sudden rise, sudden fall, sudden depletion or gushing out of springs, etc.
2. Biological abnormality: The physical and chemical changes that accompany the ** can make some sensory organs of some animals be stimulated and cause abnormal reactions.
3. Meteorological anomalies: ** The weather before the earthquake will be abnormal, mainly including hot and humid before the earthquake, long-term drought without rain or rainy, yellow fog scattered, obscure sunlight, strange winds, etc.
4. Abnormal ground movement: **The ground will shake in front.
5. Abnormal ground atmosphere: **The fog from the ground will appear within a few days to a few minutes before the earthquake, often accompanied by strange smells, sometimes accompanied by sound or high temperature.
Question 2: How to prevent and reserve **emergency supplies in advance?
A2:
One: Reasonable placement of furniture
Frequently check the indoor safety situation, the placement of household items should be reasonable, tall furniture should be fixed, hanging items should be removed or tried to be fixed, and the placement of items in furniture should follow the principle of heavy and light on top, so as to prevent dumping or falling and injuring people during earthquakes.
2. Always have shockproof items at home
*After that, the tap water and most of the food in the earthquake area may be contaminated, and you will not be able to eat it after being contaminated. You can always keep drinking water, dry food, medicines, family shockproof bags and other important items at home. Placed in an easily accessible location, these items can save our lives in times of crisis. Every family should have an emergency rescue kit on their own.
**Suggested in the emergency rescue kit:
1. Escape and self-rescue tools: gloves, special escape ropes, portable hand-cranked rechargeable lights, high-frequency whistles, three-piece sets of knives, scissors and tweezers.
2. Food: bottled drinking water, compressed biscuits and other convenient foods.
3. Medicines: alcohol cotton balls, triangular bandages, epidemic prevention masks, band-aids and other commonly used medicines.
Regularly inspect the contents of the bag, food, and medicine and replace them in a timely manner.
Prepare a family member information card, including the member's name, home address, contact**, blood type, past medical history, etc., to facilitate family search and rescue.
3. Master basic first aid knowledge
For example, first aid knowledge such as artificial respiration, hemostasis, bandaging, carrying the wounded and nursing methods, you can search for **basic first aid knowledge** on the Internet, which can protect the lives of people around you in critical moments.
Fourth, often carry out family earthquake prevention and risk avoidance drills
Frequently carry out family earthquake avoidance drills, understand the escape route of the place of residence in advance, the emergency shelter near the family, and master the evacuation route and assembly place proficiently, so as to avoid the earthquake as soon as possible.
Question 3: How should I save myself when ** happens?
A3:
、If you are outdoors
Stay away from trees, telephone poles, billboards, walls, and anything else that can fall to avoid secondary damage from collapses caused by aftershocks.
、If indoors
If you are in a high-rise position, do not rush to the door and do not take the elevator. The best way to avoid shocks at this time is to take shelter nearby, away from windows, and choose a place that can cover your body to form a solid triangle space.
Body posture: Squat down immediately and protect your head and neck with both hands. Do not use indoor facilities, including electricity, water, gas, etc., and do not use open flames.
、If you are driving
Please pull over immediately and stay until the end of the **, while staying away from any facilities that may fall.
、If it has been buried under the rubble
Don't panic and keep a cool head.
Protect your head and neck with both hands to avoid further injury. If you can move your hands, you can use your hands to cut through the earth, stone and bricks pressed against your body to increase the space.
Don't shout.
People crushed in the ruins can hear the outside world very clearly, but the sounds made from the ruins are not easily heard by the outside world. This is when you hear someone outside shouting for help, and the longer you hold on, the more likely you are to be rescued.
Water sources should be used sparingly.
When you are trapped in an enclosed space, you can find items around you to save your urine and drink when you run out of water. But the liquid can only moisturize the lips, drink it slowly and never take a big sip.
Create conditions for escape.
* As long as the body can move after being trapped, you must find a way to get out