In July 1971, the Northeast Military Region of the Communist People's Army of Burma held an enlarged meeting of the party committee in Mengya to review some problems existing in the party and the army, holding that the proposal of the Communist People's Army of Burma, which was in the initial stage of the revolution, to move south to the big cities had been proved wrong by practice, and proposed that a major strategic shift should be carried out to develop in Wa State, the area east of the Salween River. The structure of the subordinate units was adjusted and the new leadership of the Northeast Military Region was redetermined
Secretary of the Party Committee and Political Commissar of the Military Region: Yang Guang (Niwen).
Secretary Fu and Deputy Political Commissar: Gu Fang, Lin Tian
Member of the Party Committee and Commander of the Military Region: Nuo Xiang
Commander Fu: Zhao Mai, Peng Jiasheng.
Chief of Staff: Yu Jian.
Director of the Political Department: Yang Zhengqiang.
Director Fu: Zhao Yun, Peng Guocheng.
Chief of Staff Fu: Peng Jiafu, Yin Peng, Huang He, Zhao Li, Li Zongxiang, Yang Zhongwei
Northeast Military Region: Under the jurisdiction of the 101st Army Division (Kachin State, equivalent to a battalion);202 Army Division (Bamo area, equivalent to a battalion);Jiangxi 303 troops (including a total of five battalions);Jiangdong 404 Unit (including a total of four battalions);Wabang Brigade, a total of three battalions) and four local units of the Gui County Brigade, Nankan County Brigade, Kokang County Brigade, and Beiwa County Brigade.
In November 1971, the Northeast Military Region of the Communist Party of Burma left Unit 303 to persist in the struggle in the Jiangxi region and consolidate the base area, and the headquarters led the troops of the 3035 and 404 to the east, starting the strategic transfer of what is called the "25,000-mile Long March" in the history of the Communist Party of Burma.
Since 1969, Peng Jiasheng led three Kokang soldiers to cross the Salween River to the west to support Unit 303 in combat. Today, two years later, when he returned to his hometown, there were already a large number of outstanding Kokang sons who had sacrificed their lives for the liberation of the Burmese people, and remained forever in the mountains and mountains of Jiangxi, never returning to their hometown.
Nanumbrella, a border town in Zhenkang County, Yunnan, is the same as the Mangshi Sea, and stands across the boundary river from Yanglongzhai in Myanmar. Originally, this was just a commune-level street, but now a large number of simple houses have been built, the logistics warehouse of the Communist People's Army of Burma, the munitions warehouse, and the hospital are all set up here, and a large number of people from the People's Army belong to the army here every day to receive logistics supplies, replenish materials and ammunition, and fill this small place to the brim. A number of facilities serving the officers and soldiers of the people's army, such as photo studios, suddenly turned the South Umbrella into a lively and extraordinary commercial market.
In order to boost morale, the Northeast Military Region used all its main forces, together with more than 3,000 troops from 15 battalions and local armed forces in various counties, to launch the "Rolling Dragon Campaign" with great momentum.
Rolling Dragon, located on the banks of the Salween River, is the key point connecting Kokang and Wa State, and the transportation choke point to the interior of Shan State. The occupation of Rolling Dragon means that the passage from Kokang to the Wabang area has been opened, and it is of extremely important strategic significance for the People's Army to open up the Jiangdong base area.
According to the combat deployment of the military region, it was decided that the troops would be divided into two routes: the first route was the 404 main battalion (including 3035) led by Li Zongxiang as the eastern front troops, responsible for the frontal attack: 4046 to attack Manka;4047 dozen rattan canopy;4048 hit three Xiao, Ying elevated;3035 is the reserve, blocking the enemy from sending reinforcements.
The second route is led by Peng Jiafu and 3 battalions (including the Kokang County Brigade) to form the Western Front Army, which is responsible for flank attacks: 4045 Dahuazhu Yaba stronghold;501 dozen Alapian Mountain, Dawa stronghold;Then join forces to destroy the enemy of the bayberry tree;The Kokang County Brigade was in reserve and semi-encircled the small forest to prevent it from reinforcing the above-mentioned enemy troops. After occupying the strongholds of Manka, Tengmipeng, Sanxiao, Yingelevated, Huazhuyaba, Dawa, and Yangmeishu, they immediately joined forces to attack the strongholds of Daming Mountain.
All the artillery units of the county brigades were transferred to the artillery battalions directly under the military region, and all 75 and 82 guns were concentrated as the suppression of the enemy's artillery powerAnti-aircraft machine guns were prepared for air defense.
Jiangxi 303 and 107, a total of 5 battalions of the Guiqi County Brigade, carried out a total destruction of the Nanzara-Nadi road, cut off the transportation of the ** army, blocked the enemy reinforcements from the direction of Lashio, and waited for an opportunity to seize Changqingshan, and the side should cooperate with the attack on Rolling Dragon.
The 502nd and 2 battalions of the Wabang County Brigade were in the Huban area to contain and outflank the Rolling Dragon MovementOther county brigades as maneuvers.
After the completion of the first phase of the battle, the artillery battalion moved its position to the area of Manka and Teng Mapong, suppressed the enemy's fire with artillery fire, and concentrated all its forces to attack the enemy of Rolling Dragon.
Before 6 o'clock in the morning of the 19th, before dawn, Yang Shijie led the 4046 troops to start first (according to the combat deployment, the attack should have been launched at 9 o'clock in the morning, at this time, many brother troops were still on the way), which opened the prelude to the Rolling Dragon Campaign. With lightning speed, his troops resolved the battle in less than 30 minutes, and quickly captured Manka, the main position on the periphery of Rolling Dragon. Looking down on the heights of Mount Manca, the small basin of the Rolling Dragon can be seen at a glance, and it is completely possible to bring the enemy's positions into the range of artillery fire.
The 4047 battalion was directly inserted into the vine in accordance with the established deployment, and because the 4046 launched an attack in advance to alarm the ** army, its fast 5th battalion sent a death squad to carry out a sneak attack in the forward area, and the spearhead was directly aimed at the position of the 4047 battalion headquarters, and the battle continued after the encounter suddenly started. After dawn, the first army dispatched planes to dive, bomb and shoot in coordination with the death squads, and the high ground was covered with flames and smoke, the position was blown to a mess, and the bunker fortifications were basically completely destroyed. Although the KPA organized several charges, almost all the ammunition was exhausted, and a large number of soldiers were killed, but the Teng Peng position was never defeated.
When Yang Shijie heard the news that few of the troops attacking Teng Mi Peng survived, he immediately took the initiative to ask the "front line command" to fight: he asked the 4046 troops, who were only half of the personnel under his own leadership, to complete the final attack on Teng Mi Peng.
Unit 4046, the second battalion of the Kokang Army, did not go to Jiangxi or go to the front line, and was a unit that stayed in Kokang to guard the place. They have not experienced any major battles, but the members are all veterans of 3-4 years of military experience, and they are a local miscellaneous army that everyone looks down on and no one wants to bring. Yang Shijie was ordered to serve as the political commissar and battalion commander of this battalion, and he monopolized the power, and in a short period of time, he forcibly trained this rotten army into a tiger and wolf division that was screaming.
At that time, the stronghold of Teng Dipong was built in accordance with a kind of defense method in the textbook of the first military academy in Myanmar - each position was divided into 6 layers inside and outside, and each layer was surrounded by rattan fences, and a foot long bamboo sticks were inserted between the fences, and a large number of mines were buried underneath. In the face of this combination of soil and foreign forces, which has claimed the lives of countless soldiers of the People's Army, and everyone talks about the tiger's color change, avoids it, and causes headaches, Yang Shijie patted his chest and said:
I can fight what others can fight, and I can fight what others can't. ”
On November 20, Yang Shijie concentrated the bazookas of the whole battalion to form a death squad, and he still carried a bazooka to open the way at the front, and used overwhelming rockets and flesh and blood to tear apart and conquer the canopy position that everyone feared, which had to be impressive.
On the same day, 4045 attacked the Huazhu Yaba stronghold held by the ** army according to the battle plan;501 hit the strongholds of Alapian Mountain and Dawa guarded by Li Kaijia's Self-Defense Force, and the battle was quite smoothThen the two units combined to annihilate the enemy at bayberry trees, and at night launched a surprise attack on the Daming Mountain position held by a platoon of the enemy's fast 5th battalion and part of the self-defense forces.
At the same time as the Jiangdong troops launched the attack, the Jiangxi troops began to move-
On November 17, Unit 107 laid down Mudan.
On November 21, he attacked Xiao Mengbo and suddenly forced into the enemy's stronghold in the Changqing Mountains area to block the enemy. Other troops drove to the section of the Rolling Dragon-Nadi highway to carry out large-scale sabotage, cutting off the communication lines of the ** army.
On November 23, 501 uprooted Shuangken Mountain, which was guarded by the ** Army and the Self-Defense Forces.
On November 25, 4046 uprooted a stronghold held by a reinforced company of the enemy's 5th Battalion on the west flank of the Remanga Mountain.
From November 26th to 27th, the Kokang County Brigade conquered the small forest where the Duan Ziliang Self-Defense Force was entrenched, and annihilated the ** army that retreated from the strongholds of Dawa and Daming Mountain with 4045.
On November 28, the troops of the Western Front directly penetrated a company of the 1st Shan Battalion of the ** Army and a battalion stronghold heavily defended by the Self-Defense Forces.
At this point, the "front finger" arrives at the old hole at the forefront. Moving forward from this position, several highlands such as Daming Mountain, Angelica Mountain, and Alapian Mountain on the right, strongholds such as Manka and Teng Mapong in front of it, and the Rolling Dragon-Nadi Highway and Huban area in the west are all under the control of the People's Army. Only the Haigangba area on the right is still under the control of the ** army, and further down is the rolling dragon. This means that the area north of the Rolling Long River controlled by the People's Army troops and the Changqing Mountain line form horns against each other, and a strong pincer has been formed against the Rolling Dragon. If the enemy in the Haigangba area is resolved, the encirclement of Rolling Dragon will be completed.
The front-line command "decided to hit Haigangba, and the specific deployment: the 4046 battalion was the main frontal attack;4048 attacked from the left side;4047 sent reinforcements between Haigangba and Rolling Dragon.
According to prior reconnaissance, there was no enemy stationed on the No. 1 Heights, and the leaders of the "Frontline Command" accepted Yang Shijie's suggestion and formulated an operational plan: Send commandos to take advantage of the darkness in the middle of the night to find an ambush here, and after daybreak after the artillery battalion bombards the enemy's position, they will take the No. 1 Heights as the starting point for the attack, and strive to achieve the goal of quickly resolving the enemy.
Late at night on November 30, Yang Shijie led a commando team of 100 people to quietly infiltrate the No. 1 Heights and set up an ambush ......As soon as it was dawn, a red flare went up!The People's Army artillery battalion used all its artillery and fired 100 shells in unison, and the position suddenly burst into flames, the sound of explosions, and the mountains shook the ground ......Yang Shijie stood up and was about to give the order to attack, suddenly, with a low whistling sound, the cannonballs fell to the No. 1 high ground, in front of and behind him one after another, with the fierce rush of the air waves, he was overturned to the ground and buried in the soil......As he struggled to break through the sand and get up, he was stunned by what he saw - the commandos had been blown up on their backs, and some of them were already mutilated and unrecognizable on the crater-riddled mountain terrainSome of them had bleeding faces and wide open eyes, but they were no longer breathing;Some are struggling as hard as they can, and the pestle is trying to stand up, and they fall down ...... againThere was blood everywhere, flesh and blood, wriggling bodies......Yang Shijie wiped a handful of blood covering his eyes and face (I don't know if it was his own or someone else's), and secretly cursed in his heart
That old Burmese spy in the dog day dared to shoot a cannon to plot against his own people!At this time, someone behind him called:
!Battalion Commander Yang, I was wounded, and my belly was opened. Yang looked back and saw that it was a Kunming educated youth soldier, so he whispered:
What is it called!The man ordered, bandage it himself, and if it doesn't work, he will withdraw it. ”
After a short pause, Yang Shijie stood up suddenly and shouted loudly
Ge is still alive!?Comrades, stand up for me if you don't want to die, rush!Carrying the ** quiver, he rushed forward first, and the other bazooka men, machine gunners and other fighters (many of whom were already wounded) behind him staggered and stumbled to follow him, strafing and rushing up ......First of all, under the bombardment of rockets, the heavy machine guns and machine guns on the enemy's position, which were constantly sounding, lost their ......Before arriving at Luchai, Yang Shijie shouted loudly:
Quick, grenade to dogs!”
With a burst of fierce **, the assault team rushed to the No. 2 position ......I don't know what kind of force supported it, the assault team continued to rush forward and rushed to the ...... position No. 3As a green signal flare fired by Yang Shijie slowly rose, it was announced that he had completely occupied the ...... positionAt this time, he felt lightheaded, weak, floating around, his eyes darkened, and he sat down.
The 4048, which attacked from the flank, progressed relatively smoothly, and took position No. 4 soon after the battle began;4047 took control of a large area between Haigangba and Rolling Dragon, declaring that Haigangba had been completely occupied by the People's Army. But no one thought that the actual People's Army attack inadvertently fell into the trap designed by the ** army, allowing itself to fall into a big pocket laid by the opponent.
Just when the People's Army was complacent about its victory, the People's Army concentrated its heavy artillery of various types and carried out large-scale artillery bombardment ...... from the west of the Rolling Dragon and Salween rivers to the Haigangba position in the pocketAfter the incident in which the No. 1 Highland Commando was bombarded by its own artillery, the KPA troops were already in fear, confusion and ......Under the retaliatory blow of the powerful artillery fire of the ** army, how many lives were ruthlessly taken away in an instant, resulting in a large number of **...The ** Army and the additional reinforcements that had retreated earlier turned from passive beating to active attack, and the fast 5th battalion quickly recaptured the No. 3 position;Shan 1st Battalion to Walnut Green;Fast 6 battalion to Shimenkan;The fast 7th battalion went to the Dongjie and Remanga highlands;The 773 battle was directed to the South Island and Gangmulin;Fast 2 battalion to Mingzi Mountain;The 8th Infantry Battalion attacked the ...... on the Hopa and Denny-Rolling Dragon roadsThe bodies of KPA fallen soldiers were scattered everywhere, and the defeat in the battle left the vast majority of the troops ...... shrouded in frustrationThe troops were disrupted, the battle orders could not be carried out, and everyone rushed to evacuate the ...... on their own initiativeWhen the situation changed from active to passive, the occupied positions were lost one after another, and the battle of Haigangba finally turned from victory to defeat. (The 5th Battalion of the Burmese Army was later awarded the title of "Heroic Battalion" by the Burmese Ministry of Defense for its meritorious service in the battle at Haigangba.) ）
On the 27th, the 3035th Battalion, which originally guarded the road leading to Rolling Lane from Teng Fen Peng, built fortifications to confront the enemy forces at Haigangba, monitored, and prevented the other party's **, was ordered to attack the Rolling Dragon Bridge. This bridge is a cable-stayed cantilever road suspension bridge built with the assistance of China, spanning both sides of the Salween River, located at the throat of Kokang connecting Shan State. The battalion commander received the order:
Kill the bridgehead, occupy the bridge, and cover the rest of the troops to attack Rolling Dragon!”
Unit 3035 of the People's Army, the famous "Educated Youth Brigade", opened the way with grenades, tore through the defense line of the ** army with his own flesh and blood, and forced the enemy to flee and occupy the Rolling Dragon Bridge after paying a heavy price.
The follow-up army drove across the bridge and advanced along the road, turning a big bend in the distance, which was the street ...... of Rolling Dragon TownIn the face of the aggressive offensive of the People's Army, the ** army concentrated the troops in the surrounding positions and devoted all its weight to the dying counterattack ......At the moment of its desperation, the ** army, reinforced along the road from the direction of Denny, Nanzara and Nadi, broke through the layers of resistance of the People's Army and continuously drove to the Rolling Dragon ......Luo Xinghan's thousands of self-defense forces also moved closer to the ** army from all directions.
From November 18 to December 28, the initiative to retreat, and the 42-day fierce battle with the ** army, is the largest military operation in the Northeast Military Region of the People's Army in the past 4 years, not only failed to take the roll, but also collapsed under the counterattack of the ** army, leaving a heavy exclamation mark for the history of the Communist People's Army of Burma.
Yang Shijie led the 4046 death squad to sneak into the home class in one night, attacked the front-line headquarters of the ** army, and tore a gap before covering the troops to withdraw to the base area safely.
On January 20, 1972, after the Rolling Dragon Campaign, the Northeast Military Region of the Communist Party of Burma held a party committee meeting in Zhenkangnan, China, and Political Commissar Yang Guang made a report on the "Summary of the Rolling Dragon Campaign".
The Battle of the Rolling Dragon area began on November 18, and it was voluntarily evacuated on December 28 for a period of 42 days. It is the largest military operation in the Northeast Military Region in four years. Fought 34 times, captured nearly 20 strongholds such as Daming Mountain, Tengjiapeng, Xiaodilin, Shimenkan, Shuangken Mountain, Binye Mountain, Hupa, etc., and controlled Changqing Mountain, the highlands north of Rolling Dragon and favorable terrain. 199 enemies were killed (including 6 officers with the rank of lieutenant), 350 were wounded, and 85 were captured (1 lieutenant and 2 commanders of the Self-Defense Forces), and a total of 640 enemies were killed. 16 guns of various kinds below 75 guns, 228 guns of various kinds, more than 100,000 rounds of shells and bullets of various kinds, 8 radio stations, 9 walkie-talkies, a large number of military supplies, 17 military vehicles were destroyed, 8 bridges were blown up, and 8 battalions of the enemy's 77th Division were hit, especially the 5, 2, 7, 1 and Luo Xinghan Self-Defense Forces were heavy, and the shock was great. The 'Haigangba Battle' should have been fought, but the key point was that the situation changed later. First of all, the enemy's forces are constantly increasing, and we are gradually decreasing;In terms of combat forms and tactical means, we defend everywhere, while the enemy attacks. Of course, this is a situation that is gradually changing. Actually, I think we didn't lose the initiative until we came back, including the retreat on the 28th, we took the initiative. Our weakness is the lack of troops, which is becoming more and more evident in the third phase. The situation after 1 December, the enemy has gradually changed from being beaten passively to taking the initiative, and we have changed from being active to passive, and when it comes to passivity, it will be difficult to clean up. The qualitative change in the battle, we turned from victory to defeat, causing a large number of **, unable to liberate the rolling dragon, and finally had to evacuate the rolling dragon. To sum up, the lessons are:
1. The decision is incorrect, because it is not the right time, and the enemy has already prepared. (The enemy sent troops to occupy Haigangba on the 22nd).
2. Ignorance of the enemy's situation and wrong combat deployment;A two-sided tactic, not a four-sided encirclement;Choose a strong point for the attack point, and do not attack from the weak point behind the flank;The superiors accommodated the erroneous opinion of the 3035 battalion cadres.
3. Underestimating the enemy, thinking less about difficulties, not being fully prepared, not having a few preparations, and falling into passivity;Pride underestimates the enemy, and drives in to be exposed;underestimation of the threat of enemy fire, insufficient stretchers;After the formation, there is no pursuit, and the tasks of the various departments are not clear;The coordination between infantry and artillery is not in place, and the two sides are not clearThe reserves were not used well, or rebuilt;The blocking forces withdrew early before completing their tasks, leaving the attacking troops unpreparedOn the premise that the change of the enemy's situation cannot be changed, tinkering cannot solve the essential problem.
4. Yang Shijie led a small detachment to take the initiative to attack the enemy's headquarters and cover the retreat of the troops, and the spirit of daring to sacrifice for the overall situation should be advocated and commended. ”
In view of the problems and lessons learned from the current campaign, and in view of the fact that the main force of the KPA has grown to 13 battalions, the troops are scattered, and the battle lines are lengthened, it is already very difficult for the military region to directly command the battalions in combat. In order to adapt to the new revolutionary form and facilitate command, it was decided to increase the brigade-level establishment and organize the units under the original Northeast Military Region into three brigades
Jiangxi Unit 303 is the second brigade, with brigade commander Tu Haiqing and political commissar Yan Peng (under the jurisdiction of the battalion, 1 artillery company, 1 special service company).
Unit 404 is the Fifth Brigade, with Brigade Commander Li Zhongxiang and Political Commissar Peng Guocheng (under the jurisdiction of the battalion, an artillery company, and a special service company).
Units 3035 and 505 are the Eighth Brigade, with Brigade Commander Peng Jiafu and Political Commissar Yang Fukang (battalion, 1 artillery company, 1 special service company).
Each brigade consists of: a political office, an operations office, a logistics office, a guard platoon, a communications platoon, a reconnaissance platoon, and a medical team.
In the future, the military region will command and deploy the three brigades in a unified manner for major battles, and will no longer directly command the battalions to fight, so as to relieve the work burden of the military region's leaders and the pressure on the headquarters radio station. In general battles, the brigade organizes the battalions to fight, so that the grassroots units have more room for independent operations, thereby improving the operational efficiency of the KPA.
At the same time, it was decided to continue the strategic transfer to the Wabang area after the completion of the reorganization of the troops.