After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the six imperial tombs fell into an unprecedented catastrophe. These six mausoleums, collectively known as the Six Tombs of the Song Dynasty, include the Yongsi Mausoleum of Song Gaozong, the Yongfu Mausoleum of Song Xiaozong, the Yongchong Mausoleum of Song Guangzong, the Yongmao Mausoleum of Song Ningzong, the Yongmu Mausoleum of Song Lizong, and the Yongshao Mausoleum of Song Duzong, which have become witnesses of the history of the Southern Song Dynasty. These mausoleums are located at the southern foot of Baoshan in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang, and are named after the funeral of the six emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty.
At the beginning of the establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty, because the imperial tombs of the Northern Song Dynasty had been reduced to the territory of the Jin State, the monarchs of the Southern Song Dynasty decided to build the imperial tombs after the stabilization of the southern part of the Yangtze River. Under the exploration of Yang Hua, the servant of the Ministry of Officials, Zhao Gou of Song Gaozong chose the southern foot of Baoshan Mountain, 18 kilometers southeast of today's Shaoxing City, Zhejiang, which became the foothold of Song Liuling. The monarchs of the Southern Song Dynasty did not intend to rest in Jiangnan forever, they planned to temporarily gather the Zigong Palace in one place, wait for the recovery of the Central Plains one day, and then bury them together in the ancestral mausoleum of the Northern Song Dynasty in Gongxian County, Henan. Therefore, the tombs of the emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty were named "Saving Palace".
However, the fate of the Southern Song Dynasty was not as the emperors wished. The Southern Song Dynasty lasted only 153 years in total, and the six emperors buried in the Song Liuling Tombs reigned for a total of 148 years, which is almost the entire history of the Southern Song Dynasty. There were three more little emperors in the Southern Song Dynasty at the end, but they ended miserably and were finally buried in Guangdong, leaving no imperial tombs.
Soon after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Song Liuling Tomb was devastatingly excavated by an evil monk from the Western Regions named Yang Lian Zhenjia. With the acquiescence of Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, appointing Yang Lian Zhenjia as the "Jiangnan Liberation Capital", this evil monk led a group of monks and traitors to excavate the mausoleum on a large scale and plunder a large number of treasures and treasures. Yang Lian Zhenjia even resorted to cruel methods against Song Lizong's Yongmu Mausoleum, hanging the corpse upside down, stealing treasures, and even scraping carrion, turning it into a skull to show off.
This catastrophe made Tang Jue, a remnant of the Southern Song Dynasty, deeply worried. He decided to take action, pawned the family property, prepared a banquet, invited the young people in the village, and planned to bury the bones of the first emperor. Faced with the threat of the generals on the mountain, he proposed a plan to use the fake and real, and successfully collected the remains of the emperors and buried them in front of the Tianzhang Temple in the Yin of Baoshan, using the holly tree as a symbol. This heroic action left a strong mark in the history of the Southern Song Dynasty.
However, none of this stopped Yang Lian Zhenjia's madness. He not only robbed the treasures of the Song Liuling, but also stole a large number of tombs of concubines, princes, princesses and meritorious ministers, totaling more than 100. The trophies he obtained included rare treasures such as "Ma Wuyu Pen Box", "Copper Liang Rust Pipe", "Jiaojia White Tooth Comb", "Fragrant Bone Case", "Fuhu Pillow", "Piercing Cloud Qin", "Golden Cat's Eye", "Fish Shadow Qiong Fan Handle" and so on.
The evil monk of the Western Regions even planned to bury the remains of the Song Liuling Tombs in the imperial palace of the Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou, and build the Zhennan Pagoda on top of it, so as to completely eliminate the possibility that the Song people would never be able to turn over. This catastrophe made the end of the Southern Song Dynasty even more tragic.
However, the sinful Yang Lian Zhenjia did not go unpunished. After 6 years, he finally suffered retribution. Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan dynasty, ordered the house to be confiscated, and he was originally going to behead him, but because he touched the corpse many times, he was infected with corpse poison, and finally died under the torture of ten fingers ulcering and heart damage.
With the connivance of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, the catastrophe of the Six Tombs of the Southern Song Dynasty was not properly resolved. Until the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368), the Yuan extinguished Mingxing, and Zhu Yuanzhang, the Taizu of the Ming Dynasty, issued an edict to bury the skull of Lizong and the rest of the tombs lost in the north to the old mausoleum. In the process, inscriptions were built, walls were planted, and the Righteous Shrine was established to commemorate the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty and the heroic deeds of Tang Jue and others.
In the end, after nearly a century of wandering, Song Lizong's skull returned to the "palace" Song Liuling. This process is not only part of the history of the Southern Song Dynasty, but also a thought-provoking story in Chinese history, reflecting on the destruction of cultural heritage by power and war, and the debate between good and evil in human nature.
This article profoundly reveals the catastrophe suffered by the six imperial tombs after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, as well as the destruction of the evil monk Yang Lian Zhenjia in the Western Regions. This historical slice shows the great impact of power and war on cultural heritage, and also reflects the debate between good and evil in human nature.
First of all, the article vividly portrays the Southern Song Dynasty's vision of the construction and fate of the imperial tomb. Although the Southern Song Dynasty only existed for a short period of 153 years, by establishing six imperial tombs, they expressed their expectations for the Central Plains and their desire for the dynasty's eternal existence. However, this beautiful idea was eventually destroyed by the war, and Song Liuling became a witness to the disaster.
Secondly, the tomb robbery of the evil monk Yang Lian Zhenjia in the Western Regions makes people shudder. His evil deeds included not only the plundering of the emperor's tombs, but also the cruel treatment of the emperor's corpse, such as scraping carrion and hanging it on the skull to show off. This cruel act is embarrassing and shows the ugly side of human nature. However, Yang Lian Zhenjia also received retribution for his sins in the end, which is a kind of fatalistic justice.
The heroic deeds of Tang Jue, a remnant of the Southern Song Dynasty mentioned in the article, are also touching. Regardless of the danger, he pawned the family property, organized the young people in the township, successfully collected and buried the bones of the first emperor, and evaded the surveillance of the mountain generals with fake and real strategies. This kind of protection of cultural heritage and respect for history reflects a kind of adherence to the feelings of family and country. Tang Jue's behavior became a bright spot in the entire history of the Southern Song Dynasty.
Finally, the article concludes with a mention of the Ming Dynasty's burial and commemoration of the Southern Song Dynasty mausoleums, as well as reflections on the history of the Southern Song Dynasty. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang's measures are not only to make up for history, but also to affirm the heroic behavior of Tang Jue and others. In this process, the construction of monuments and trees and the establishment of the Righteous Shrine are a profound memory of this period of history and provide a profound historical reflection for future generations.
Overall, this article depicts the catastrophe experienced by the Song Liuling Tombs after the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty in vivid language and detailed historical records. Through the description of power schemes, wars, and evil monks, readers can deeply understand the tragedy and glory in history. The heroic deeds of Tang Jue and others and the burial measures of the Ming Dynasty have added a touch of light to this history. This story makes people reflect on the destruction of cultural heritage caused by war, as well as the reverence and cherishing of history.
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