From the outbreak of the Liaoshen Campaign on September 12, 1948, to the end of the Pingjin Campaign on January 31, 1949, in just five months, the Chinese People's Liberation Army launched three large-scale super battles, annihilating millions of elite Kuomintang troops in one fell swoop.
The form of the War of Liberation was that the three battles moved from confrontation to a complete victory, the elite troops of the Kuomintang were wiped out, and the victory of our party was imminent.
So who will command these three most important battles for New China and the Chinese people?And what kind of credit did you play?
The Liaoshen Campaign began on September 12, 1948 and ended on November 2 of the same year, lasting 52 days. The annihilation of the Kuomintang troops in 50 days was close to 500,000, an average of 10,000 per day, creating an unprecedented result in the history of our party and our army.
The participating parties are the Northeast Field Army and the Kuomintang Northeast "Suppression General", and the Northeast Field Army totals **690,000 people, 4 corps headquarters of the Kuomintang, 11 military headquarters plus local troops totaling 4720,000 people were wiped out, and more than half of them were captured and reformed into our army.
After the end of the Liaoshen Campaign, the PLA surpassed the Kuomintang army in terms of the number of troops for the first time, and the form of the war was reversed.
The main commanders of our army in the Liaoshen Campaign were ** and *** and the deputy Liu Yalou. Of course, as the first decisive battle between our army and the Kuomintang, in fact, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief *** was also a participant, and he confronted Chiang Kai-shek in the air.
However, compared with the decisiveness of *** and **, the Kuomintang did not have a clear understanding of Jinzhou, the core of the Liaoshen Campaign, and the Northeast Suppression General and Chiang Kai-shek were always indecisive, which led to the final closure of the door by our army.
In addition, another reason is that Chiang Kai-shek did not have an obvious estimate of the growth of the strength of the Northeast People's Liberation Army, and the old Chiang always believed that our army was still the Red Army and the Eighth Route Army that were being chased everywhere, so he stubbornly demanded that the Northeast Suppression General Mobilize an army to start a decisive battle with the PLA.
But the People's Liberation Army is no longer the Red Army of the past.
In terms of numbers, after several years of development, our Northeast Field Army has long since grown and grown, and the number of local troops is almost twice that of the Kuomintang army.
In terms of equipment, the Northeast Field Army, which has developed and grown by relying on the Soviet Union, is the strongest among the four major field armies in terms of equipment, and is not inferior to the Kuomintang.
In the end, hundreds of thousands of elite troops of the Kuomintang were wiped out in the northeast, and many troops revolted or were captured and reformed to join our army, making our army's strength even stronger.
To a certain extent, the Liaoshen War in Northeast China was the first turning point in the War of Liberation, and it also laid the foundation for the victory of the People's Liberation Army, and provided a good opportunity for our army in Northeast China to enter the customs and organize the Pingjin Campaign.
The Huaihai Campaign was a strategic offensive campaign of unprecedented scale in the Central Plains, organized by the East China Field Army of the People's Liberation Army and the Central Plains Field Army, and the two armies cooperated in a large-scale campaign in the Lianghuai region centered on Xuzhou.
This battle was the one in which the PLA sacrificed the heaviest, destroyed the largest number of enemies, and had the greatest political impact, with a total of **1340,000 people, the total number of Kuomintang ** and 550,000 prisoners, it was this battle that established the prestige of Su Yu's god of war.
The main commander of our army in the Huaihai Campaign was four people: Su Yu, two of them were marshals and one of the generals, which shows its importance, although there is no military rank, but if the rank is sealed, it is also between the general and the marshal.
In the Huaihai Campaign, the two major field armies of the People's Liberation Army gathered a total of 600,000 troops, while the Kuomintang troops were mainly Chiang Kai-shek's main forces on the southern front, including the 12th Corps and the 2nd Corps, totaling 800,000 troops.
The defeat in the Huaihai Campaign caused the loss of Chiang Kai-shek's elite main force, especially the backbone of the lineage of the troops, the Huang Wei Corps and Qiu Qingquan Corps, and the annihilation of the 5th Army and the 18th Army, which greatly damaged the vitality of the Whampoa Corps, which Chiang Kai-shek relied on.
As far as the overall situation is concerned, among the five major strategic groups of the Kuomintang army after the Liaoshen and Huaihai battles, the most powerful Xuzhou group and the Northeast group no longer exist, and the North China group is also surrounded by the PLA.
Due to the fact that in the decisive battle of Xu Beng, the main force was all annihilated, so that ** was no longer able to fight with the main force. Situ Lei, on the other hand, believed that Chiang Kai-shek's military power had actually collapsed.
Politically, the military defeat of the Chiang Kai-shek clique and the weakening of the Whampoa clique further intensified the struggle for power among the Kuomintang factions. Bai Chongxi took advantage of the extremely unfavorable situation of the Kuomintang regime to launch a reactionary reckoning against Chiang Kai-shek.
Bai Chongxi proposed a peaceful solution, but Sun Ke ran to Guangzhou to shout to continue the war, Bai Chongxi was eyeing the throne, which shows that the Kuomintang group has been completely internal, and the Chiang Kai-shek group has been unable to completely suppress other forces.
It can be said that the victory in the Huaihai Campaign laid the foundation for the victory of the entire Chinese Liberation War, and from the beginning of the Huaihai Campaign, the liberation of the whole of China was no longer a slogan, but a visible and imminent goal.
The Battle of Pingjin began on November 29, 1948, lasted 64 days, and ended on January 31, 1949, when the peaceful liberation of Beiping was declared, and was the last large-scale decisive battle launched by the Chinese People's Liberation Army, liberating North China including Beiping and Tianjin.
The main commanders of our army in the Pingjin Campaign include **, and *** three, Lin Zong and Luo Shuai led the Northeast Field Army into the customs, and cooperated with the North China Military Region to fight, in fact, the main commander is ***
The combined strength of our army's two major military regions and the combined strength of local troops reached one million people, while the total combat strength of the three corps of the Kuomintang in North China was about 520,000, and our army had an absolute superiority in both numbers and equipment.
After the liberation of Northeast China, the Kuomintang began to deploy a strike at the Kuomintang North China "Suppression General" Fu Zuoyi clique guarding the front line of Zhangjiakou and Beiping, and mobilized the Northeast and North China People's Liberation Army to jointly strike.
This battle is also the least intense of the three major battles of our army, during the Liaoshen Campaign, the Kuomintang army still had hope, the situation was superior, so most of them resisted stubbornly, and the Huaihai Campaign was because most of the forces were Chiang Kai-shek's henchmen, and the Whampoa army was very strong in combat and resolute in its will to fight.
However, the Pingjin Campaign was different, the Fu Zuoyi Army stationed in Pingjin was originally a Kuomintang warlord army, and Chiang Kai-shek was not of one mind, plus the East China Field Army defeated Lianghuai in the south, and the Northeast Field Army entered the pass again, and most of the Kuomintang troops became frightened birds.
After the beginning of the Pingjin Campaign, our army set a policy for dealing with Fu Zuoyi's clique, destroying a small number of stubborn enemies and striving for the peaceful liberation of most ordinary Kuomintang officers.
Under the deployment of the three marshals Lin, Luo, and Nie, our army first divided and surrounded the Fu Zuoyi group, cut off its route to retreat west and south, turned this frightened bird into a caged bird, and then gradually eliminated the stubborn enemy in various places and liberated Tianjin and Tanggu.
After the liberation of Tianjin, the Fu Zuoyi group had no choice but to declare the peaceful liberation of Beiping and accept the reorganization of the People's Liberation Army. In this battle, our army annihilated only 20,000 or 30,000 enemies in total, and nearly 500,000 Kuomintang troops were captured and reorganized by our army.
It can be said that after the Pingjin Campaign, the PLA did not lose a few people, but lost 500,000 people, basically eliminating all the main forces of the Chiang Kai-shek clique north of the Yangtze River.
The three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin, which lasted more than four months, annihilated and reorganized a total of 1.5 million Kuomintang troops, wiped out almost all the main forces of the Chiang Kai-shek clique, and completely destroyed the main core military forces.
Although the Chiang Kai-shek clique tried to rebuild the Kuomintang military power in South China, it was completely too late, and it can be said that the general trend of the Kuomintang was gone, and the victory of the revolutionary war on a national scale was within reach.
If you look at it separately:
The Liaoshen Campaign laid the foundation for the victory of the People's Liberation Army, obtained the first stable industrial base in Northeast China for the PLA, and laid the cornerstone for the victory of the Liberation War.
The Huaihai Campaign wiped out almost most of the elite forces of the Kuomintang, established the absolute superiority of the People's Liberation Army north of the Yangtze River, and triggered the ** within the Kuomintang group in the south.
The Pingjin Campaign further completely liberated the entire north, and the peaceful liberation of Beiping laid the foundation for the founding of New China.