China Women's Daily reporter Yang Na.
Many people think that obesity can cause diabetes and that inactivity can lead to diabetes, but few people know that tobacco use and secondhand smoke can also cause diabetes. Evidence suggests that smokers are at higher risk of developing diabetes the more they smoke, the younger they start smoking, and the longer they smoke. Understanding the scientific fact that tobacco use and secondhand smoke are very serious risk factors for diabetes can help protect the public from the problems of diabetes and its complications.
The prevention and treatment of diabetes in China is not optimistic. Li Jianhong, a researcher at the Metabolic Disease Prevention and Control Office of the Chronic Disease Center of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, introduced at the information exchange meeting on tobacco use and diabetes held by the Xintan Health Development Research Center that according to the "2021 Global Diabetes Map" released by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), the number of adult diabetes patients in the world will reach 5 in 20213.7 billion, of which about 1 is Chinese patients400 million. "In 2022, the "Diabetes Map of China" jointly released by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Center for Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Control and Beijing Hospital showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in China has been on an overall upward trend since 1979, and is still in a stage of rapid growth, and there will be no plateau or decline in the short term. ”
Li Jianhong pointed out that the rapid increase in the prevalence of diabetes has also caused a huge economic burden. "Corresponding to the severe burden of diabetes disease and economic burden, the disease awareness rate, ** rate, and control rate of diabetes in China are still at a low level, and the monitoring results of chronic diseases and risk factors in China in 2018 show that the awareness rate of diabetes in adults aged 18 and above in China is only 380%, * rate 341%, the control rate is only 331%, there is still a big gap with developed countries. ”
Xiao Lin, director of the Tobacco Control Office of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, presented the results of a ** tobacco survey conducted from July 2022 to May 2023. The tobacco survey was conducted among Chinese residents aged 15 and above who did not live in groups, with 200,000 people from 630 monitoring sites in 31 provinces participating in the survey, including tobacco use, e-cigarette use, smoking cessation, secondhand smoke exposure, ** and other information.
The survey found that the prevalence of smoking among people aged 15 and over in 2018 was 266% and 50 for men5%；The prevalence of smoking among people aged 15 and over in 2022 is 241% and 45 for men3% and 2 for women3%。The prevalence of smoking among people aged 15 and over has shown a downward trend, and the smoking prevalence of men has decreased significantly. In addition, the secondhand smoke exposure rate of non-smokers aged 15 and over in China is 52 in 20224%, a decrease of 15 points compared to 2018, and secondhand smoke exposure continues to improve, and some progress has indeed been made in creating a smoke-free environment.
Professor Li Guangwei, chief endocrinology expert of China-Japan Friendship Hospital and leader of endocrinology at Fuwai Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, scientifically and systematically expounded the association between smoking and diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death. He stressed that diabetes greatly harms human health, reduces people's quality of life, and shortens life expectancy. People with diabetes are at increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and cancer.
Diabetes physicians were among the early adopters to recognize the relationship between tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure and diabetes and its complications. Li Guangwei introduced that in the "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in China" (2020 Edition), there is a special chapter on tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure and diabetes and its complications.
However, public awareness of the dangers of tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke associated with diabetes and its complications is low. Li Guangwei said that this requires professionals, relevant departments and relevant industries to improve the publicity on the harm of tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure to diabetes and its complications, and effectively achieve the relevant indicators in the "Healthy China Initiative" to achieve the ultimate goal of protecting public health.