Chinese martial arts has a long history, and it is an instinctive individual skill ability that the ancestors of the Chinese nation sprouted in the process of fighting against the natural and social environment.
Chinese martial arts are in the same vein as traditional Chinese culture, especially because of its profound inclusiveness, which adds to people's sense of mystery. It takes the demeanor on the outside and the soul on the inside, highlighting the national character, and can be called the treasure of the world's traditional national sports.
As a cultural form in the sense of the whole, Chinese martial arts is rooted in traditional Chinese culture, which not only contains the essence of Chinese philosophical thought, but also absorbs the essence of health preservation, and integrates the essence of technical attack, but also integrates the principles of traditional aesthetics, thus forming a martial arts culture with a wide range of connotations.
In different historical periods, people's needs and understanding of martial arts are also different. This is because in the process of development, martial arts not only show its historical continuity and phases, but also show instability due to the limitation of people's level of understanding.
From the point of view of the unity of history and logic, the concept of martial arts should be a process of constant development and dynamic change.
The continuous changes in the content, form, value and function of martial arts, as well as the existence of different social environments and differences in cognitive levels, make people have different expressions in the definition of the concept of martial arts.
At present, the concept of martial arts is generally defined as: "Wushu is a traditional Chinese sport that takes technical movements as the main content, takes routines, fighting and practice as the form of activities, and focuses on both internal and external training".
Characteristics of martial arts
1. Characteristics of technical attack.
Martial arts movements have offensive and defensive techniques, and its technique is the best in the practice of martial arts.
It is precisely with such characteristics and essential attributes that martial arts can distinguish it from other sports. Combat sports such as sanda and short arms are only from the perspective of sports, subject to the restrictions of competition rules, and the principle of not harming the opponent in the competition is a concentrated embodiment of the characteristics of martial arts offensive and defensive fighting.
As a unique manifestation of Chinese martial arts, the martial arts routines, although the types of boxing are different, the styles are different, but they are the main content of the routines composed of offensive and defensive technical movements.
Expressing the intrinsic meaning and spirit of offense and defense is the core of the taolu technique. With the development of competitive martial arts technology, the characteristics of martial arts routines have weakened, but the essential characteristics of martial arts, technical attack, will still exist as the most fundamental feature of martial arts technology for a long time.
2. Harmonious unity.
First, the movement characteristics of both form and spirit.
The most important principle of Chinese traditional culture is harmony and unity, which not only pays attention to the form of the action, but also requires the overall movement concept of spirit and spirit, internal and external integration, which is a major feature of Chinese martial arts.
Regardless of the type of boxing, the technical aspects of the routine drill specifically require the close combination of the inner spirit and the external body movements to form a harmonious system.
1. The characteristics of sports with both form and spirit, which fully reflect the penetration and influence of martial arts as a cultural form in ancient Chinese philosophy, medicine, aesthetics and other aspects in the long-term historical evolution.
3. The content is rich and colorful, and the characteristics of inclusiveness.
The content and practice forms of martial arts are rich and diverse, and different types of martial arts projects have different practice methods, action structures, technical requirements, sports styles and exercise loads, which are adapted to the needs of people of different ages, genders, occupations and physiques, and people can choose according to their own conditions and interests.
At the same time, martial arts sports are not limited by time and season, and the venue equipment can also be simplified.
The full text is excerpted from Chinese and English Bilingual Course of Chinese Martial Arts, edited by Wen Bo and published by Beijing Normal University Press.