1. Introduction.
With the continuous development of economy and industry, catalysts are widely used in various chemical reactions. However, the amount of spent catalysts is constantly increasing during use. In order to protect the environment and save resources, the treatment of waste catalysts is particularly important. This article will go into more detailThe first treatment process of spent catalysts
Second, the first of the spent catalyst.
1.Collection and sorting.
First of all, the spent catalyst is collected and classified according to the type, use, ** and other information of the catalyst. This facilitates the selection of the subsequent treatment process.
2.Transportation & Storage.
Once sorted, the spent catalyst is transported to a dedicated spent catalyst treatment plant. During storage, the spent catalyst should not be contaminated or mixed with other substances.
3. Treatment process of waste catalyst.
1.Physical treatment.
The physical treatment method mainly includes crushing, screening, magnetic separation, flotation and other steps. These steps can separate the useful and harmful substances from the spent catalyst. Crushing and screening are mainly used to reduce the size of spent catalysts and separate bulk materials. Magnetic separation can separate materials that are magnetic, such as ferromagnetic materials. Flotation is used to separate substances with different surface properties, such as hydrophobic substances.
2.Chemical treatment.
The chemical treatment method mainly includes acid leaching, alkali leaching, solvent extraction and other steps. These steps can be used to extract useful substances such as metallic elements from spent catalysts. Acid leaching and alkaline leaching are mainly used to extract substances with different acidity and alkalinity. Solvent extraction is used to extract substances with different solubilities.
3.Biological treatment.
The biological treatment method mainly uses the metabolic action of microorganisms to convert the harmful substances in the spent catalyst into harmless substances. For example, certain microorganisms can convert organic pollutants into harmless carbon dioxide and water. Biological treatment has the advantages of low cost and no pollution, but it may not be ideal when dealing with some hazardous substances.
Spent catalysts often contain various valuable metals, such as platinum, palladium, rhodium, etc. These metals can be reused after extraction, refining, and other steps. For example, platinum from spent catalysts can be extracted through steps such as chlorination, reduction, and refining into pure metals.