Cao Zhi (December 27, 192, 232), Zijian, a native of Peiguo County (now Bozhou City, Anhui Province), was the third son born to Cao Cao and Empress Wu Xuanbian. Cao Zhi was a famous writer in the Three Kingdoms period, as one of the representatives of Jian'an literature and the master of the collection, he was respected as a model of articles during the two Jin and Northern Dynasties. His representative works include "Luo Shen Fu", "White Horse Chapter", "Seven Mourning Poems" and so on. Later generations called him, Cao Cao, and Cao Pi together as the "Three Caos" because of his literary attainments.
Cao Zhi's fate was ill-fated, and Cao Pi called the emperor's power limit.
Cao Zhi's poems are known for their strong pen power and beautiful words, and there are 30 volumes of collections, which have been lost, and now the "Cao Zi Jianji" is compiled by the Song people. Cao Zhi's prose also has the characteristics of "affection and resentment, and the body is literary quality", coupled with the richness and variety of its varieties, so that he has achieved outstanding achievements in this regard. However, Cao Zhi almost became Cao Cao's heir. Before 217 AD, Cao Cao hesitated between Cao Pi and Cao Zhi, and finally established Cao Pi as the crown prince of Wei. After Cao Cao's death, Cao Pi ascended the throne. Cao Pi's treatment of Cao Zhi can be described as "strict precautions and restrictions everywhere".
First of all, in October of the 22nd year of Jian'an (217), Cao Cao summoned Cao Pi as the prince, so that Cao Zhi lost the opportunity to become the prince of Wei. Cao Zhi fell into depression and sorrow from high spirits. Although Cao Cao gave Cao Zhi the opportunity to make meritorious contributions in the Battle of Xiangfan, Cao Zhi became very drunk, causing Cao Cao to regret not using him again. After Cao Pi ascended the throne, he took strict precautions against Cao Zhi, so that Cao Zhi could not become Cao Wei's heir.
The plot of fiefdom relocation, Cao Pi's restrictions on Cao Zhi were deep.
Although Cao Pi canonized Cao Zhi, in order to prevent and restrict Cao Zhi, Cao Pi frequently moved Cao Zhi's fiefdom. Cao Zhi migrated to the Marquis of Anxiang, the Marquis of Juancheng, and the King of Juancheng, and even when Cao Pi returned from his southern expedition, Cao Zhi's fiefdom King Yongqiu was also moved. These migrations were not intended to reuse Cao Zhi, but to prevent him from forming a force within his fiefdom to threaten the imperial court. Cao Pi's cautious eye limited Cao Zhi's development, and although Cao Zhi repeatedly asked the imperial court for appointment, Cao Pi remained wary of him.
Cao Zhi's fiefdom spanned the three provinces of present-day Hebei, Shandong, and Henan, but this was not out of honor, but Cao Pi's restrictions on Cao Zhi's schemes. Cao Pi even abolished Cao Zhi's power to recruit subordinate officials in his fiefdom, making his appointment subject to the approval of the imperial court. This kind of conspiracy prompted Sima Yi to later launch the Gaopingling Rebellion, and the Cao Wei clan lacked countermeasures.
The peak of literature and the shadow of imprisonment, Cao Zhi's stormy life.
Although Cao Zhi was politically restricted, he reached his peak in literature. His poems and prose are full of vigor and beauty, and he has left many classics, such as "Luo Shen Fu". Cao Zhi's literary achievements made him unique in Jian'an literature, and he was respected as a model of writing by later generations.
Cao Zhi spent his life in the shadow of Emperor Wen of Wei, Cao Pi, and although he repeatedly requested appointments from the imperial court, he was never able to escape Cao Pi's strict restrictions. Cao Zhi died of depression at the age of 41 after changing his title to Queen Chen in the sixth year of Taihe (232). After Cao Zhi died, in accordance with his last wishes, he was buried in Dong'a Yushan, and later generations called him "Chen Wang" or "Chen Siwang".
Epilogue: Cao Zhi, the intertwined life of a literary giant and a prisoner of power.
Cao Zhi's life was full of twists and turns, and he was politically limited by Cao Pi's power schemes, but he achieved pinnacle achievements in literary creation. His works have been passed down through the ages, leaving a rich literary legacy for future generations. Cao Zhi's turbulent life is not only a prisoner of political intrigues, but also a genius of literary giants, and his life has become a unique landscape in the history of the Three Kingdoms.
Cao Zhi, a literary giant of the Three Kingdoms period, has become an intriguing chapter in history through his life and political encounters. The article shows in detail the turmoil that Cao Zhi experienced after Cao Pi became emperor, as well as his brilliant achievements in literature.
First of all, Cao Zhi's literary talent is undoubtedly a treasure of the time. His poems and prose are full of vigor and beauty, and he has become one of the representative figures of Jian'an literature. Classics such as "Luo Shen Fu" have been passed down through the ages, showing his extraordinary talent in literary creation. Cao Zhi's unique style of affection and resentment, and body and literary quality, is deeply respected by later generations and has become a treasure in the history of literature.
However, Cao Zhi's life has been troubled by politics. After Cao Pi became emperor, the strict restrictions and scheming methods imposed on Cao Zhi made it impossible for Cao Zhi to display his ambitions in the political arena. The article mentions that Cao Zhi repeatedly asked for appointment from the imperial court, but was repeatedly blocked, which eventually led to his political helplessness. This political shadow made Cao Zhi's life full of depression and sorrow, and his literary creation also became a channel for him to vent his emotions to a certain extent.
The history of Cao Zhi's frequent relocation shows that Cao Pi was politically wary of Cao Zhi. Cao Pi's approach was not only to move geographically, but also to limit Cao Zhi's power within his fiefdom and prevent him from forming an independent power. The use of this scheming method eventually led to Cao Zhi's lack of influence within the Cao Wei court, which had a profound impact on later historical development.
Cao Zhi's life is in stark contrast to his literary achievements. His life was full of twists and turns, and yet it was these experiences that gave his literary works a richer emotion and deeper connotation. Cao Zhi's works often reveal contradictory thoughts about ideals and reality, as well as bitter feelings about the fate of life, which make his literary works more in-depth and connotative.
In general, Cao Zhi is an outstanding genius in the history of Chinese literature, and although his life was troubled politically, his achievements in the field of literature have been praised by posterity. His works transcend the limitations of the times and become treasures of the Chinese literary tradition, and at the same time, his turbulent life has provided rich research materials for historians. Cao Zhi's existence not only adds luster to the history of literature, but also provides us with an important perspective for understanding the political situation of that era.
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