Everyone wants to have their own small vegetable garden, grow a few kinds of vegetables that they like to eat, eat with confidence, and do not worry about pesticide residues. Thinking about making the vegetables you grow grow better, watering and fertilizing more, I unknowingly made a "mistake", resulting in the vegetables I planted not growing well or failing to harvest. These "mistakes" are actually some production habits, and if you don't pay attention to the general rules of vegetable growth, the method of using fertilizers and the principles of watering, you will not make any more "mistakes", and you can grow high-quality and high-yield dishes.
1. Water vegetables continuously after they emerge.
Spring and autumn live broadcast vegetables or vegetable seedlings, after the vegetable sprouts are unearthed, afraid that the sprouts will dry up or the seedlings will not emerge, continue to water a lot, or splash watering, it will not take a few times, and there is little left of the vegetable sprouts in one place. This is because at this time the seedling root system has just grown, the ability to adapt to the external adverse conditions is weak, watering can make the topsoil root knot or water, so that the oxygen content in the soil is reduced, resulting in short-term anaerobic respiration, nutrient delivery is not timely, resulting in the seedling wilting, encountering too high or too low temperature water loss dry dead seedlings. When watering too much, the topsoil is humid and the germs take advantage of the weakness to enter, causing diseases and root rot.
In summer and autumn, after watering the young shoots, the water droplets on the stems and leaves raise the temperature and burn the young shoots, and finally kill the seedlings. This is the reason why vegetable sprouts cannot be watered after they are unearthed.
Correct method: seedling or live planting vegetables, soil moisture should be sufficient before planting, generally do not water before 3 leaves after emergence, even if watering, can not be watered or splashed, use spray method to replenish water, keep the soil moist.
Second, apply more fertilizer and fertilizer.
More fertilization is a common habit of vegetable growers, who believe that the bottom is full of fertilizer, and the planted vegetables can grow well without lack of fertilizer. But there is no standard for more fertilization, do whatever you want, and the result is excessive fertilization, the light ones appear to grow plants, and the heavy ones appear to burn the roots and die seedlings.
Raw fertilizer, that is, organic fertilizer that has not been fully decomposed, such as various manure, cake manure and compost, is directly applied to the ground, resulting in fertilizer damage.
Correct method: Vegetable fertilization is mainly organic fertilizer, with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer. The amount of well-rotted organic fertilizer per mu is 3 5 squares, and the amount of chemical fertilizer is applied urea per mu, and the amount of one application does not exceed 40 kg, 20 kg of potassium sulfate, 100 kg of superphosphate, and 60 kg of compound fertilizer. Organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed for more than 2 months before it can be used. The manure is fermented and diluted before being applied to the vegetable patch.
3. Watering after fertilizer sprinkling.
Top dressing should be carried out in the process of planting vegetables, in order to play the fertilizer effect quickly, to promote the growth of often to apply chemical fertilizer, in the fertilization to save trouble, first sprinkle fertilizer and then water, so there are two consequences, one is to burn the leaves and roots, the other is the fertilizer effect can not be played. The reason is that the general nature of chemical fertilizers is unstable, and the effective nutrients are lost after water decomposition, and nitrogen fertilizer is the most obvious, and there is a pungent smell after fertilization and watering. In addition, the root system of vegetables is generally in the soil layer below 10 cm, and it is difficult for the effective nutrients of the fertilizer to penetrate below 10 cm when exposed to water. So this is a clear mistake.
Correct approach: top dressing combined with tillage, apply the fertilizer deep in the soil below 10 cm, so that the root system can be used directly, and can not be sprinkled and watered. Or after cultivating, the fertilizer is diluted into the mother liquor and then flushed, so that the fertilizer can penetrate below 10 cm.
Fourth, watering is arbitrary and blind.
Farmers think that vegetables are full of water and cannot become vegetables without water, so they call vegetables "water vegetables", and think that they must be watered if there is no drought. Sometimes I forget to water, and watering is not according to the need for watering according to the growth of vegetables, and the randomness and blindness are long and large. However, some vegetables can not be watered at will, such as nightshade vegetables, after planting and surviving, they need to go through squatting seedlings, and they do not need to be watered too much before fruit set, and they have the experience of watering fruits (pods) without watering flowers. Leafy vegetables require more water and do not need to be watered frequently.
Correct approach: Adhere to the watering principle of seeing dry and wet, watering lightly with small water, and keeping the soil moist. According to the law of growth and development of various vegetables, combined with measures such as cultivation and squatting, water can be reasonably regulated.
Fifth, spray only when you see insects.
Planting vegetables to control insect pests is a common thing for everyone to do, and there is a habit of spraying pesticides when seeing insects in the prevention and control of insect pests. I think that seeing insects in action is the real infestation. At the peak of adult worm growth and oviposition, it is considered that no medicine is necessary.
Correct approach: insect control does not see insects, and the peak of medicine eggs is beaten. It can also use lights, venom, willow handles, etc. to trap and kill adult insects, and use these methods to effectively kill adults and eggs, which can improve the insecticidal efficiency dozens of times.