EOD model: The eco-environment-oriented development model is based on ecological protection and environmental governance, supported by the operation of characteristic industries, with regional comprehensive development as the carrier, and adopts industrial chain extension, joint operation, combined development, etc., to promote the effective integration of ecological and environmental governance projects with strong public welfare and poor profitability and related industries with good returns, and to promote and integrate the implementation of ecological environment governance, and internalize the economic value brought by ecological environment governance, which is an innovative way of project organization and implementation. 
The ecological restoration of abandoned mines and the introduction of the cultural tourism industry is one of the main contents of China's current EOD model.
1. Restoration of abandoned mines
Abandoned mines refer to the pits, trenches, mines and subsidence areas left after the mining of coal mines, iron ores, gold mines and building stones, etc., which are abandoned after mining and processing.
China's mining resource-based cities account for about one-third of the total number of cities, of which more than half of the mining resource-based cities are facing resource depletion and are in urgent need of industrial transformation. Whether in China or around the world, the problem of abandoned mines is a difficult problem and a focus because the market-oriented model of governance has not been found.
Mine ecological restoration technology process.
Principles of mine ecological restoration.
Whoever destroys, who governs, while mining, while governing;Protective mining, source detriment;Near-natural restoration, landscape coordination;Scientific guidance, moderate restoration;Adapt measures to local conditions and use them sustainably.
Overall requirements for mine ecological restoration.
On the basis of ensuring geological safety, according to the damage characteristics of different sites, the restoration method of natural restoration is mainly adopted, supplemented by artificial restoration, and the damaged ecological structure and ecological function are repaired through measures such as landform remodeling, soil reconstruction, vegetation reconstruction, pollution prevention and control, and biodiversity conservation, so as to achieve safety, stability and landscape coordination.
Ecological restoration goals.
1) Restore the ecosystem damaged by mining activities to a natural ecological environment close to that before mining;
2) Rebuild an ecological environment that meets people's specific uses;
3) Restore to other ecological environments that are in harmony with the surrounding environment (landscape).
Ecological restoration model.
Forest and grassland, cultivated land, wetland, building land, mine park.
Basis for the selection of ecological restoration mode.
1) The degree of damage to be repaired in the mine;
2) Factors such as the natural geographical conditions of the mine, the suitability of land development, and the utilization plan.
Principles for the selection of ecological restoration models.
If it is suitable for farming, it will be cultivated if it is suitable for garden, if it is suitable for forest, if it is suitable for animal husbandry, if it is suitable for fishing, then if it is suitable for fishing.
2. Sharing of typical domestic cases
Shanghai Shimao Shenkeng Hotel: Abandoned by the Japanese a hundred years ago, 82 meters deep, the world's lowest altitude hotel, has become a global Internet celebrity;
Guangdong Meizhou Ketianxia Tourist Resort:Covering an area of 10,000 acres, it was an abandoned mine pit and brick kiln factory before 2006, and now it has become a well-known resort town led by Hakka culture
Nanjing Tangshan Mine Park Jiangsu Garden Expo Park:The world's first "Earth" mine IMAX curved giant screen movie!Covering an area of more than 300 acres and with a rock wall as high as 190 meters, the abandoned Longquan quarry is likely to become a new global pit management Internet celebrity check-in place
Guangdong Foshan Mo Shanghua Mine Scenic Area:In November 2022, it signed a contract with Banyan Tree, a world-renowned hotel group, to create a high-end resort hotel group with a pit theme.
3. The impact of mining on the ecological environment
1.Mining destroys the mountainous terrain and destroys the landscape
2.Destruction of land and soil resources: surface excavation, occupation, and damage to land;
3.Mine geological hazards: secondary geological disasters such as landslides and debris flows caused by subsidence, collapse and collapse on the mining surface;
4.Mine water, soil and atmospheric environment pollution: atmosphere, water environment, soil environment, noise, solid waste pollution, etc.;
5.Mine water damage: Underground mining causes mine water to be discharged and the groundwater system is damaged
6.Destruction of biological resources in mines: Destruction and alteration of wildlife habitats, resulting in the destruction of biodiversity.
Fourth, abandoned mines can reuse resources
Abandoned mines, although far from the local environment have suffered serious damage, are still valuable:
1.The natural ecological background is better;2.The infrastructure that has been built is good;3.There is a considerable scale of stock construction land and stock construction land indicators;4.Waste ore and slag can be used locally to reduce the investment in earthwork engineering5.Waste mining beneficiation and transportation equipment can be reused;6.Special natural landforms and geological resources such as abandoned pits and mines can be redeveloped. 5. The cultural tourism industry that can be introduced for the ecological restoration of abandoned minesThe foundation of mine ecological restoration is to ensure sustainable development, with mine ecological restoration as the carrier and suitable industries as the content, "green" is only the appearance, only the form, and "sustainable green" is the fundamental.
The specific cultural and tourism industries that can be introduced into mine rehabilitation projects include:Accommodation:Deep pit hotel, mine inn, mine pit homestay clusterFood & Beverage:Picnics, grass open-air stalls, mining area catering night marketActing:Grassland festival, live performance, open-air movie field, mine light and shadow showPopular Science Research:Mineral and Gem Museum, Geopark, Ecological Restoration Demonstration ExhibitionOutdoor Sports:Rock climbing, mountain extreme sports, off-road racing, hiking, campingFun Rides:Mine exploration, cave treasure hunting, grass skiing, ski slopesOrganic Farming:Picking garden, fruit orchard, cherry blossom garden, tea gardenGeothermal mineral springs:Open-air spa, tropical breeding
6. Analysis of the profit model of ecological restoration of abandoned minesThe social and environmental benefits of the restoration of abandoned mines are certainly immeasurable, but in terms of its possible economic benefits, it can be classified as:
1.Policy subsidies and ecological compensation benefits given by ** at all levels;2.Ticket income and operating income of supporting projects developed into various tourist attractions and entertainment projects;3.Real estate rental and sales income developed into cultural tourism real estate (residential and commercial real estate);4.Cross-regional transaction income of the index of cultivated land reclamation and the scale index of surplus stock construction land. 
7. The operation mode of the market-oriented restoration project of abandoned minesRegarding the keynote speech of the 2020 Hulunbuir China Green Mine Construction Forum "Five One Projects for Market-oriented Restoration of Abandoned Mines", the following is an outline, which summarizes the five key points of the operation mode of the market-oriented restoration project of abandoned mines:
1.Establish a market-oriented concept dominated by land operation 2Weave a blueprint and incorporate it into the territorial spatial planning of the region3Build a 1+N core industry and technical support system4Calculate a break-even account5Establish a set of sustainable operation mechanisms (government and enterprise public relations, financing, talent team, publicity and promotion, etc.).8. Innovative exploration of mine restoration in Hainan Lianhuashan Scenic AreaThe project land of Lianhuashan Scenic Area in Danzhou, Hainan Province is 5,000 acres of mine pit waste area, 6 giant mines, and the world's largest open-pit pit theater has been built, implanted in local culture, driving the development of surrounding villages, and has been invited to share in major forums across the country for many times, CCTV "News Network" and "Focus Interview" Report on the successful experience of the project: Hainan's first 4A-level scenic spot with the theme of Fu culture, the national mine ecological restoration demonstration project, and the typical case of national ecological product value realization of the Ministry of Natural Resources (December 2021), becoming the only typical case selected in Hainan.
Key highlights of the project:
The first is to fully rely on local natural and cultural resources to create innovative business formats;
The second is the integrated development and linkage development of the mine reclamation scenic spot and the original resident residents
The third is to upgrade the ecological restoration of the mine to a functional restoration, create a new bright spot in the nighttime economy in the western part of Hainan Island, and drive the development of the whole industrial chain such as sightseeing, amusement, catering and accommodation with the core engine
Fourth, it is the main body of responsibility for mine governance independently.