Ph.D. is an important academic achievement of doctoral students, and it is also the focus of attention in the academic community. Therefore, how to write a good doctorate and let the academic community recognize and accept it is a problem that every doctoral student needs to think about and accept seriously. In this article, the experts of AJE American journals will help you successfully pass the doctoral defense from the following aspects**How to write a good doctorate**.
1. Clarify the research question.
Before writing a Ph.D., it is important to first clarify the research question. Research questions are the foundation and core of Ph.D.**, and without a clear research question, Ph.D.** can't talk about it. Therefore, it is very important to choose a valuable, researchable question. When choosing a research question, the following aspects need to be considered:
The problem should have research value: the research question should be an important issue in the subject area, with practical application or theoretical innovation significance.
Problems should be actionable: Research questions should be actionable and can be solved by collecting data or conducting experiments.
The problem should be scientific: the research question should be a scientific question, which can be carried out and studied through scientific methods.
2. Do a good literature review.
Literature review is an important part of Ph.D.** and is the foundation and background of the research question. Therefore, it is very necessary to do a good literature review. In the literature review, the following aspects need to be considered:
Comprehensiveness: The literature review should cover all literature related to the research question, including domestic and international research results and recent advances.
Objectivity: A literature review should be objective and impartial, and should not exaggerate or minimize research findings and shortcomings.
Analytical: A literature review should analyze and evaluate the collected literature to find out the shortcomings of the research and the direction of future research.
3. Scientific design of experimental schemes.
The protocol is the core part of the Ph.D. and is the key to solving the research problem. Therefore, it is very important to scientifically design the experimental protocol. In the experimental protocol, the following aspects need to be considered:
Purpose of the experiment: The purpose of the experiment should be clear, related to the research problem, scientific and operable.
Experimental methods: Experimental methods should be scientific, reasonable and feasible, and can ensure the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.
Experimental procedures: The experimental procedures should be detailed, specific and clear, which can ensure the feasibility and reproducibility of the experiment.
Experimental data analysis: Experimental data analysis should be scientific, reasonable and objective, and be able to reflect the truth and regularity of experimental results.
Fourth, write carefully**.
When writing a Ph.D., you need to consider the following aspects:
Reasonable structure: The structure should be reasonable, rigorous, complete, and in line with academic norms and requirements.
Language fluency: The language should be fluent, fluent, accurate, and in line with academic norms and requirements.
Clear logic: The logic should be clear, rigorous, coherent, and in line with academic norms and requirements.
Chart specification: Charts should be standardized, clear, accurate, and in line with academic norms and requirements.
Citation specifications: Citations should be standardized, accurate, comprehensive, and in line with academic norms and requirements.
5. Repeated revisions and improvements.
After completing the first draft, it needs to be revised and refined repeatedly. Modification and improvement is an important part of ensuring the best quality. When modifying and improving, it is necessary to consider the following aspects:
Check whether the structure is reasonable: check whether the structure meets the academic norms and requirements, and whether it is rigorous and complete.
Check whether the language is fluent: Check whether the language is fluent, fluent, and accurate.