The Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau, also known as the Overseas Chinese Information Bureau, is an organization that specializes in providing communication and remittance services to overseas Chinese. In the Fujian dialect, "letter" is called "batch", so the Overseas Chinese Information Bureau is habitually called the Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau. These institutions are mainly located in Guangdong, Fujian, and other provinces, and they provide thoughtful services to overseas Chinese and have an outstanding reputation, and they almost monopolize the business of sending letters and remittances to overseas Chinese.
The Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau was originally developed by some people to develop business overseas, specializing in providing communication and exchange services for overseas Chinese. They collected letters and money from overseas Chinese, brought them home, and received a certain amount of remuneration. With the passage of time, these "water customers" gradually opened shops and formed the Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau.
The Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau is known as Qiaohuizhuang or Huizhuang in Fuzhou, which mainly engages in international exchange business and letters, and its service objects are mainly overseas Chinese and their relatives. Their exchange direction is one-way, that is, the remittance from abroad is domestic, the head office is located abroad, and the country has a branch or **.
In addition, the "three-plate system" of joint operation is the main form of operation of the Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau. The overseas Chinese approval bureau is divided into the first game, the second game and the third game. The first board bureau is a large overseas Chinese approval bureau with institutions at home and abroad, which can directly receive letters overseas and operate independentlyThe second handicap bureau accepts the entrustment of the overseas letter bureau to handle the transfer of letters and charges a certain commissionThe third handicap bureau is even smaller, and it is a letter bureau that specializes in undertaking the first handicap and the second handicap bureau to be entrusted to the mainland to pay overseas Chinese remittances. In this way, the overseas Chinese approval bureaus in southern Fujian and Southeast Asia have formed a network of entrustment with each other.
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At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made seven trips to the West, and each time he anchored at Changle Taiping Port, recruiting sailors and soldiers, some of whom stayed overseas. Later, the Western colonialists opened mines and built railways in the Nanyang area, which required a large number of cheap laborers, and the poor working people along the coast emigrated overseas one after another to work as laborers by selling "piglets". In the 26th year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, Huang Naishang, a patriotic overseas Chinese from Fujian and Qing Dynasties, immigrated and reclaimed in North Borneo (now Brunei) to develop "New Fuzhou", and the number of overseas Chinese reached **10,000. Most of them want to correspond with their families and send money to support their families. So some people came out to collect letters and money from them, and brought them home for a certain amount of payment, and these people were called "water customers". "Water Guest" gradually developed, opened a shop, that is, became an overseas Chinese approval bureau.
Wei Qifeng, the longest operating Chaobang Approval Bureau in the history of Chaoshan, from 1879 when Wei Fuluo created the "Senfeng Qi Ji Approval Bureau" to 1979 when it was transferred to the management of the State Bank, Wei's approval industry has gone through 6 generations and 100 years of painstaking efforts, and has written a vivid page in the history of Chaoshan overseas Chinese criticism.
In the second year of Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty (1822), Huang Jiying, a native of Chenghai, drifted by sea and came to Singapore, which had just opened its port, and worked in a weaving factory opened by Indians. In the ninth year of Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty (1829), Huang Jiying received funding and founded the "Zhicheng Dyeing Workshop" by himself. The biggest feature of Zhicheng Dyeing Workshop is to try to help the hometown people who came from Chaoshan, when many Cheng villagers came to Singapore, the first thing they thought of was to take refuge in Zhicheng Dyeing Workshop.
There are more and more workers in the dyeing workshop and local villagers, but it is still very difficult to send money and letters back to their hometowns. In order to facilitate the communication between employees and overseas Chinese, Huang Jiying sent sailors back to his hometown with letters, and used the "ploughing and small building" in his hometown as a waterman hotel to receive sailors and some people who were ready to wait for the boat to "pass".
With the increasing number of people who sent overseas Chinese to return to their hometowns, in 1835, Huang Jiying officially established the "Zhicheng Letter Bureau" in Singapore, becoming the first Chaobang Overseas Chinese Approval Bureau at home and abroad.
**The most widely related overseas Chinese wholesale business name - Liu Xihe
The largest batch bureau in the opening area - Senchun.
The bureau that hires the most batches - Wanfengfa.
The largest Chaogang Approval Bureau with the largest construction area - Xu Fucheng
The batch bureau with the most semicolons was opened - Youxin.
Although the overseas Chinese wholesale industry and the water passenger coexisted for a long time, the wholesale bureau undertaking has gradually developed into the mainstream of the overseas Chinese wholesale industry, especially in Chaoshan and Nanyang.
Since its inception to the bank's overall management, the overseas Chinese wholesale industry has experienced a century and a half of ups and downs, and has always regarded integrity as the foundation of its business. Many overseas Chinese delivery workers have poor families and difficult lives, and they have to walk nearly 100 miles every day to distribute hundreds of overseas Chinese batches, and the remuneration is only two catties of rice or one yuan of national currency, but there has never been a phenomenon of embezzlement of appropriations or loss of overseas Chinese approvals.
In the 70s of the 20th century, ** clearly required that "the overseas Chinese approval industry should be taken over by the bank". So far, the private = overseas Chinese wholesale industry, which lasted for a century and a half, has gradually withdrawn from the historical stage.