"Huaxia Wine News" reporter Liu Xuexia
According to the Blue Book, "drink less alcohol, drink good wine, good taste and relaxed atmosphere are the most important", which has gradually become the consensus of drinking people. In the survey, 51% of consumers put taste first when choosing alcohol...
China's wine culture has a long history, the so-called "no wine is not a feast" and "wine is less than a thousand cups of confidants", wine as a unique cultural symbol, has always occupied an important position. It is not only a good product for people to celebrate the festive season and get together, but also a medium for communication in social situations. But after drinking for so many years, what is the best amount of alcohol per day, how to drink so as not to get drunk and not hurt the body, and what things to do and what not to do after drinking, do you know these common sense?
Recently, the "2023 China Blue Book of Moderate Drinking and Happy Life" compiled by the China Liquor Industry Association, China Health Management Association, Wuliangye Group Corporation, and International Association of Foreign Wine Manufacturers has deepened the concept of moderate drinking in multiple dimensions and put forward suggestions for healthy and scientific drinking.
Sixty percent of consumers accept the health concept of "moderate drinking".
According to WHO data, between 1990 and 2017, the world's per capita alcohol consumption increased from 59l increased to 65l；The proportion of people who drink alcohol increased from 45 to 47. The average annual alcohol consumption in our country has increased from 04L pure alcohol, reaching 4 in 2005 and 20161l and 72l。
In recent years, advocating the concept represented by "responsible drinking" is becoming a new trend in the industry. The data shows that there are 6392% of people accept that moderate alcohol consumption is good for their health, compared to 1426% believe that drinking alcohol is harmful; Those who think that they should "enjoy themselves in time and drink heartily" account for only 1727%, and 455% of people think that "the drinking table culture is passive and has to drink".
It can be seen that with the strengthening of the promotion of "responsible drinking", wine tasting has become a rational, healthy, relaxed and pleasant way of life. From "one drunk before resting, no drunk" to "moderate drinking, healthy and slightly drunk", the concept of rational and moderate drinking is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people through diversified and all-round ways.
What is the limit for moderate drinking?
Let's start with the definition of alcohol consumption. The amount of alcohol consumed is generally measured in terms of alcohol (ethanol), and the amount of alcohol contained in the alcohol consumed depends on the degree of alcohol consumed and the amount of alcohol consumed. Formula for calculating alcohol content: amount of ethanol (g) = amount of drinking (ml) degree of ethanol (%)08。
With this formula in hand, you'll be able to calculate exactly how much ethanol you're ingesting while drinking. For example, if you drink a 100ml glass of wine, the alcohol content is 40%, multiplied by 0With 8 grams, you can figure out that you have ingested 32 grams of ethanol.
So, how much does it mean to drink in moderation? Song Shuyu, chairman of the China Liquor Industry Association, believes that "appropriate amount" is not a certain constant amount, and "appropriate amount" varies from person to person, from time to time, and from event to event. Drinking in moderation is not an indulgence, but rather a restraint in drinking. Therefore, the true meaning of "moderation" needs to be based on individual characteristics and physical conditions, and the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption should be controlled within a reasonable range to reduce the negative impact on physical health. The specific standard of moderate alcohol consumption should be determined based on individual circumstances and the advice of health professionals.
In conclusion, the definition of moderate alcohol consumption is determined based on individual characteristics and physical condition, and the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption are controlled within a reasonable range.
Limit alcohol consumption (healthy drinking).
The newly released "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022)" lowers the recommended alcohol intake for male adults, compared with the "Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2015)", no longer distinguishes between male and female intake: it is recommended to limit alcohol intake, adults should drink no more than 15 grams of alcohol a day, and children, adolescents, pregnant women, nursing mothers and patients with chronic diseases should not drink alcohol.
The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2022) recommends that adults consume no more than 15 grams of alcohol a day, which is equivalent to 450 ml of beer, 150 ml of wine, or 50 ml of liquor at 38°.
Excessive alcohol consumption
China's National Health Commission released the "Status Report on Drinking Behavior and Alcohol Abuse", which gives the standard of excessive drinking in China. According to the report, the following is a numerical breakdown of excessive alcohol consumption in China:
Excessive alcohol consumption is considered to be excessive in excess of the following values per day: for men, more than 40 grams of pure alcohol per day; For women, drink more than 20 grams of pure alcohol per day.
Frequency of drinking: People who drink alcohol 5 times or more per week are considered to drink excessively.
Dangerous drinking
Refers to the average daily net alcohol intake of 41 grams and 61 grams of pure alcohol in male drinkers, and the average daily pure alcohol intake of female drinkers is 21 grams and 41 g.
Harmful alcohol consumption
Men consume an average of 61g or more of pure alcohol per day, and women consume an average of 41g or more of alcohol per day.
It is important to emphasize that the harm of excessive alcohol consumption is cumulative, and long-term excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk of health problems. Therefore, in order to protect your health and social safety, it is advisable to follow the principles of moderate drinking, know your own drinking limits, and avoid excessive alcohol consumption.
According to statistics from China's National Health Commission, the overall drinking rate among Chinese adults is about 55%, but the proportion of drinkers who drink alcohol almost daily has increased by 255 down to 199 , the National Health Commission released the "Chinese Resident Nutrition and Chronic Disease Status Report (2020)" shows that Chinese drink every day from one in four people to one in five people now.
According to the China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report (2021), the average alcohol intake of drinkers in China is 283 grams a day, and the rate of dangerous drinking is 94. The rate of harmful drinking is 137%。
In view of the potential health effects of alcohol consumption, the relevant authorities in China have been working to promote healthy drinking concepts and cultures to raise public awareness and awareness of moderate alcohol consumption and reduce the risk of alcohol abuse.
Drinking, so what is the cap on the "drinking"?
Drinking alcohol in moderation can help people relax and relieve stress and tension, however, excessive alcohol consumption can have a negative impact on physical health. Therefore, how to master the well-being is the key to healthy drinking.
Alcohol circulates in the human body through the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and large intestine. Alcohol is absorbed at different rates in different parts. Generally speaking, the duodenum is the stomach and intestine and the ileum and the oral cavity. About 80% of the alcohol consumed is absorbed by the duodenum and jejunum, and the rest by the stomach.
When drinking alcohol on an empty stomach, the human body can absorb 60% of alcohol in about 1 hour,190% alcohol can be absorbed in 5 hours, 95% alcohol can be absorbed in 2 hours, 2Alcohol ingested within 5 hours can be fully absorbed.
People who are used to drinking alcohol Xi absorb alcohol faster than the average person. The presence and quantity of food in the stomach, the type and nature of food, the condition of the stomach lining and the alcohol content of beverages will also affect the absorption rate of alcohol.
Medical studies have shown that less than 10% of alcohol in the body can be directly excreted through urine, respiration, sweat and saliva, and more than 90% of ethanol needs to be metabolized in the liver.
It can be seen that the relationship between alcohol consumption and health is not a single line, but has a complex relationship. A large prospective cohort study of more than 910,000 people showed that infrequent and mild to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a reduced risk of death from all-cause, cardiovascular disease, chronic lower respiratory tract disease, Alzheimer's disease, and influenza and pneumonia; Light to moderate alcohol consumption, i.e. 12 drinks in the past year, but 7 drinks per week for women and 14 drinks per week for men, also reduced diabetes and nephritis, nephrotic syndrome or nephrotic mortality.
Previously, the study published in the JAMA sub-journal further revealed that the maximum amount of ethanol consumed by women and 45g for men did not seem to have a significant impact on the risk of death.
What are the concepts of 25g ethanol and 45g ethanol? If you only drink beer, 25g of ethanol is equivalent to drinking a large bottle; And for women who like to drink wine, drinking a glass of wine of about 250ml will not have much effect. For men, 45g of ethanol is about the same as drinking 2 large bottles of beer; If you like to drink liquor, you should not drink more than 2 taels of liquor per day.
Drinking "three don'ts", drinking "three don'ts".
To reduce the harm of drinking alcohol to the body, the following points need to be paid attention to: try to drink as little as possible, it is best to drink low-alcohol alcohol, and people who like to drink liquor should choose low-alcohol liquor as much as possible; Don't over-persuade drinking, avoid uncivilized drinking Xi habits such as guessing boxing, drinking competitions, and getting drunk and resting, as well as the negative mentality of "borrowing alcohol to drown your sorrows"; Do not drink too much; Children aged 18 and younger, adolescents, and pregnant women are not allowed to drink alcohol.
At the same time, the "three don'ts" of drinking and the "three don'ts" after drinking can reduce the harm of drinking to the body.
Drinking "three don'ts".
Don't: A mix of drinks. On the wine table, it is common to mix liquor with beer, liquor with drinks, foreign wine with black tea, etc., and a variety of drinks and beverages are mixed together. In fact, this is very wrong, beer contains a lot of carbon dioxide, which is volatile, and if it is drunk with liquor, it will drive alcohol penetration. This often leads to stomach cramps, acute gastroenteritis, duodenitis and other symptoms, and at the same time, the harm to the cardiovascular system is also quite serious.
Two don't do: drink it all in one go. Many people, especially when drinking beer, like to take a sip or blow on a bottle, which is more harmful to the body. Ethanol can enter the blood five minutes after drinking, and the concentration of ethanol in the blood can reach its peak at 30-120 minutes. If you drink alcohol quickly, the concentration of ethanol in your blood will rise quickly, and you will soon become drunk. If you drink it slowly, the body will have enough time to break down the ethanol, and the amount of ethanol produced will be smaller, it will not be easy to get drunk, and the degree of damage to the liver will be reduced.
Three don'ts: smoke with the left hand and drink alcohol with the right hand. Many people will have the situation of "left-handed cigarettes and right-handed alcohol", and always feel that if they don't smoke when drinking, they will lose something. However, when drinking alcohol, it is necessary to avoid mixing tobacco and alcohol, as the dilated blood vessels due to alcohol and the contraction of the blood vessels due to smoking will put a burden on the heart, and the tar dissolved in alcohol will adsorb on the mucous membrane of the digestive organs, causing double damage.
"Three unsuitables" after drinking
1. Don't: Sleep immediately. Alcohol is digested by the liver, and it is easy to get alcoholic liver because the body's metabolism is slow, which is not good for the liver.
2. Don't: Take a hot shower immediately. If you take a bath immediately after drinking, your blood sugar will not be replenished in time, and you will be prone to dizziness, dizziness, general weakness and other symptoms, and in severe cases, hypoglycemic coma may occur. In addition, hot baths can also dilate people's blood vessels, which is prone to cerebral insufficiency, and patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are more likely to develop the disease at this time.
Three should not: strenuous exercise. If you exercise vigorously after drinking, it may speed up blood circulation, cause the peristalsis of the gastrointestinal tract to be affected, and cause abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, acid reflux and other uncomfortable symptoms, and in severe cases, it may also lead to gastrointestinal rupture, or cause some damage to the liver.
"Mutual affection" has become the most ideal drinking state
Drink less alcohol, drink good wine, good taste and relaxed atmosphere are the most important", which has gradually become the consensus of drinking people. According to the survey, 51% of consumers put taste first when choosing alcohol, and 28% of people believe that the choice of alcohol content is the most important factor, indicating that the concept of "healthy drinking and moderate drinking" is more important. Also when choosing a place to drink, 5818% of consumers choose "relaxed atmosphere", 3414% of consumers choose to consume "high-end atmosphere and high-grade".
In addition, "two feelings to achieve the intention of wine" with a choice rate of nearly 50% has become the most ideal drinking state for consumers, first of all, it shows that the high degree of emotional matching of the drinking partner is a very important factor in drinking, and the person you like to drink together, the beauty is shared, so that the mood is more pleasant, in addition, it also shows that wine is a necessity to promote emotional expression, to express happiness with wine, and to express affection with wine is the most ideal drinking state. "Food and wine, wine and talk" party accounted for 20%; 27% of the people who are "drinking lightly and enjoying themselves" are getting drunk and self-indulgent, indicating that self-enjoyment drinking is becoming more and more popular.
Overall, the "2023 Blue Book of China's Moderate Drinking and Happy Life" depicts a comprehensive and multi-angle picture of China's drinking culture. Through rational research and in-depth market research, it provides a scientific basis for people to correctly view moderate drinking, and contributes to the construction of a happy and healthy drinking culture.