Lesson 1: The Development of Socialism from Utopian to Scientific and from Theory to Practice
1. Human beings entered the slave society, private ownership was established, and the state was born. ×
Reform: At the end of primitive society, private ownership was established, human beings entered the slave society, and the state was born.
2. Human beings have entered a slave society, the gap between the rich and the poor has intensified, and the social division of labor has been completed. ×
Reform: At the end of the primitive society, the gap between the rich and the poor intensified, and the social division of labor was completed.
3. Private ownership will always exist. ×
Reform: Private ownership is the product of the development of human society to a certain stage, and with the development of productive forces, private ownership will go to extinction.
4. The existence of the concept of private ownership is the fundamental reason for the emergence of private ownership. ×
Reform: The development of productive forces is the fundamental reason for the emergence of private ownership.
5. In the slave society, human society entered the era of civilization. ×
After the slave society replaced the primitive society, the emergence of metal tools, the invention of writing and the formation of the state, human society entered the era of civilization.
6. Slaves have certain property and personal freedom, and the slave owner owns most of the fruits of slave labor. ×
Reform: Slaves do not have certain property and personal freedom, and slave owners completely own the fruits of slave labor.
7. Feudal land ownership is the main way in which the landlord class exploits the peasants. ×
Reform: Collecting land rent is the main way for the landlord class to exploit the peasants.
Or feudal land ownership was the basis for the exploitation of the peasants by the landlord class.
8. The peasants of feudal society were dependent on the landlords and had no personal freedom at all. ×
Reform: The peasants in the feudal society still have a personal dependence on the landlords, but compared with the slaves, the peasants have a certain degree of personal freedom and can work relatively autonomously.
9. The basic characteristic of the crisis of the capitalist economy is overproduction. ×
Reform: The basic characteristic of the crisis of the capitalist economy is the relative overproduction.
10. The basic contradiction of capitalist society is the contradiction between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie. ×
Reform: The basic contradiction of capitalist society is expressed in class relations as the antagonism between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie.
11. The immediate cause of the crisis of the capitalist economy is the contradiction between the socialization of production and the private appropriation of the means of production.
Reform: The fundamental cause of the crisis of the capitalist economy is the contradiction between the socialization of production and the private appropriation of the means of production.
12. The Industrial Revolution marked the beginning of capitalist society and human society entered a new historical stage. ×
The victory of the bourgeois revolution marked the beginning of capitalist society and the beginning of a new historical stage in human society.
12. The Industrial Revolution marked the beginning of capitalist society and human society entered a new historical stage. ×
The victory of the bourgeois revolution marked the beginning of capitalist society and the beginning of a new historical stage in human society.
13. The secret of capitalist exploitation is that the capitalists take possession of the labor of the workers. ×
Reform: The capitalist appropriates the surplus value created by the labor of the workers without compensation.
14. The relations of production are the most active and revolutionary factor and the ultimate determining force for social development. ×
Reform: The productive forces are the most active and revolutionary factor and the ultimate determining force for social development.
15. The sum of productive forces constitutes the economic foundation of society. ×
Reform: The sum total of the relations of production constitutes the economic basis of society.
16. The main criterion for judging whether the substitution of one social form for another is historical progress or retrogression is to see whether the productive forces meet the requirements of the development of production relations and whether they conform to the general trend of the development of human society. ×
Reform: It is to see whether the relations of production meet the requirements of the development of the productive forces and whether they conform to the general trend of the development of human society.
17. The idea of scientific socialism is a classical German philosophy. ×
Change: The ideology of scientific socialism is German classical philosophy, British classical political economy, and utopian socialism.
18. The theoretical cornerstone of the establishment of scientific socialism is utopian socialism. ×
Reform: The theoretical cornerstone of the establishment of scientific socialism is historical materialism and the theory of surplus value.
19. Utopian socialism does not expose the shortcomings of capitalism and advocates class moderation. ×
Reform: Utopian socialism exposes the shortcomings of capitalism and advocates class moderation.
20. The basic contradiction in today's capitalist society is still the contradiction between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. ×
Reform: The basic contradiction in today's capitalist society is still the contradiction between the socialization of production and the capitalist private appropriation of the means of production.
21. Gaining freedom is the way to realize communism. ×
Reform: Gaining freedom is the goal of communism.
22. The May Fourth Movement brought Marxism-Leninism to China. ×
Change: The October Revolution of 1919 brought Marxism-Leninism to China.
23. The theory of surplus value sums up the experience and lessons of the workers' movement and expounds the necessity of building a proletarian party. ×
The Communist Manifesto summed up the experience and lessons of the workers' movement and expounded the necessity of building a proletarian party.
24. For the first time, the theory of surplus value created an ideological system for the people to realize their own emancipation and pointed out the path of social development. ×
Reform: For the first time, Marxism created an ideological system for the people to realize their own emancipation and pointed out the path of social development.
25. Communists have repeatedly studied Xi and thoroughly studied the "Communist Manifesto", so that they can make it clear that the Communist Party always represents the interests of all mankind. ×
Reform: Communists have repeatedly studied Xi and thoroughly studied the "Communist Manifesto" to make it clear that the Communist Party always represents the interests of the proletariat.
26. Communists repeatedly study Xi and study in depth the "Communist Manifesto" can provide concrete solutions to the practical problems of contemporary China. ×
Change: The mistake is in the "specific plan".
27. Scientific socialism is the development of utopian socialism. ×
Reform: Utopian socialism, as the source of socialist thought, is the direct ideology of scientific socialism, and it is a historical article of scientific socialism.
27. Scientific socialism is the development of utopian socialism. ×
Reform: As the source of socialist thought, utopian socialism is the direct ideology of scientific socialism and a historical condition for the emergence of scientific socialism.
28. Historical materialism and the theory of surplus value reveal the special laws of the development of human society. ×
Reform: Historical materialism reveals the general laws of the development of human society, and the theory of surplus value reveals the special laws of the operation of capitalist society.
29. The development of capitalism and the rise of the workers' movement laid the theoretical foundation for the founding of scientific socialism. ×
Reform: Historical materialism and the theory of surplus value laid the theoretical foundation for the founding of scientific socialism.
30. The proletariat is the most combat-ready advanced force.
Reform: The Communist Party is the most conscious and combat-ready advanced unit of the proletariat.
Lesson 2: Only Socialism Can Save China
1. Since modern times, the historical task of the Chinese people has been to strive for national independence and the people's liberation. ×
Reform: Since modern times, the historical task of the Chinese people has been to strive for national independence, the liberation of the people, and the realization of national prosperity and strength, and the happiness of the people.
2. The spread of Marxism in China promoted the integration of Marxism with the Chinese workers' movement and provided a class foundation and organizational preparation for the founding of the Communist Party of China. ×
The spread of Marxism in China has promoted the integration of Marxism with the Chinese workers' movement and made ideological and cadre preparations for the founding of the Communist Party of China.
3. With the spread of Marxism-Leninism in China, the Chinese people will have the backbone for carrying out revolutionary struggles. ×
Reform: Since the founding of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people have the backbone for carrying out revolutionary struggles.
4. The Opium War was the beginning of China's new democratic revolution. ×
The Opium War was the beginning of China's modern history, and the May Fourth Movement was the beginning of China's new democratic revolution.
5. The future of the Chinese revolution is to establish a capitalist society first, and then a socialist society. ×
The Chinese revolution is divided into two steps: the democratic revolution and the socialist revolution: the first step is to change the semi-colonial and semi-feudal social form and turn the Chinese society into an independent democratic societyThe second step is to move the revolution forward and establish a socialist society.
6. The period of socialist transition refers to the period from the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 to the completion of socialist transformation in 1956, which is the period of transition from a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society to a socialist society. ×
Reform: The socialist transition period refers to the period of transition from a new democratic society to a socialist society.
7. During the period of socialist construction, the main contradiction in China's society was the contradiction between the working class and the bourgeoisie, and between the socialist road and the capitalist road. ×
Reform: During the period of socialist construction, the main contradiction in China's society was the contradiction between the people's need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation in which the economy and culture could not meet the people's needs.
8. The founding of the People's Republic of China completed the most extensive and profound social transformation in the history of the Chinese nation. ×
Reform: The establishment of the socialist system has completed the most extensive and profound social transformation in the history of the Chinese nation.
9. The birth of New China marks China's entry into a socialist society. ×
Reform: The victory of the socialist transformation of private ownership of the means of production marks China's entry into a socialist society.
10. The general task of the socialist transition period is to concentrate efforts on developing the social productive forces and to transform China from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country as soon as possible. ×
Reform: The general task of the period of socialist construction is to concentrate efforts on developing the social productive forces and to transform China from a backward agricultural country into an advanced industrial country as soon as possible.
11. The general line and task of socialist transformation is "one transformation and three reforms." ×
Reform: The general line and general task of the transitional period is "one transformation and three reforms."
12. The victory of socialist transformation was mainly due to the international environment at that time. ×
Reform: The victory of socialist transformation is mainly due to the fact that the Communist Party of China (CPC) has creatively opened up a path of socialist transformation suited to Chinese characteristics in a large country in the economically and culturally backward East.
13. The completion of socialist transformation marks the establishment of a perfect industrial system in China. ×
Reform: The completion of socialist transformation marks the establishment of an independent and relatively complete industrial system in China.
14. The socialist revolution is a necessary prerequisite for the new democratic revolution. ×
Reform: The socialist revolution is the inevitable trend of the new democratic revolution.
15. The socialist revolution pointed out the direction for the new democratic revolution. ×
Reform: The socialist revolution took place after the new democratic revolution.
16. The changes in China's three major contradictions have embodied the work line of taking economic construction as the central task. ×
Reform: Focusing on economic construction was put forward after the reform and opening up in 1978.
17. The changes in China's three major contradictions show that the economic foundation must adapt to the changes in the superstructure. ×
Reform: The changes in the three main contradictions in our country show that the relations of production must adapt to the changes in the productive forces.
18. The Chinese national bourgeoisie is weak and revolutionary. ×
Reform: The Chinese national bourgeoisie is weak, compromised, and revolutionary.
19. The bourgeoisie does not have a political party that represents the interests of its own class. ×
Reform: In modern China, the bourgeoisie already has a political party that represents the interests of its own class.
20. The founding of the People's Republic of China has brought about a transition from new democracy to socialism. ×
Reform: The success of the three major transformations has brought about the transition from new democracy to socialism.
21. The founding of the People's Republic of China has dramatically changed the balance of world economic power. ×
The founding of the People's Republic of China has greatly changed the balance of political forces in the world, but it has not changed the balance of economic forces in the world.
22. One of the historical inevitabilities of the transition from new democracy to socialism is that the state has accumulated experience in utilizing, restricting, and managing its private industry and commerce, and has completed its socialist transformation. ×
Reform: One of the historical inevitabilities of the transition from new democracy to socialism is that the state has accumulated experience in utilizing, restricting, and managing its private industry and commerce, and has begun its initial socialist transformation to varying degrees.
23. One of the historical inevitabilities of the transition from new democracy to socialism is that the handicraft industry is difficult to adapt to the new situation of the country's industrialization and urgently needs to be organized. ×
Reform: One of the historical inevitabilities of the transition from new democracy to socialism is that the individual agricultural economy can hardly adapt to the new situation of the country's industrialization construction, and it is urgent to organize itself.
Autumn and Winter Check-in Challenge