Chemical production itself is a very dangerous industry, chemical engineering production has the characteristics of high temperature, flammable, explosive, etc., once the chemical engineering in the construction process of the first quality problems will cause a series of unpredictable serious consequences. Therefore, in the construction process of the entire chemical project, safety and quality must be the center. On the other hand, in the process of petrochemical construction, there is more investment in related equipment and materials and other resources, and the investment is huge and the investment cycle is long. The whole construction process from feasibility study, basic design (or initial design) to construction drawing design, construction, intermediate handover, trial production, completion acceptance, formal production involves many majors. Errors in each link will have different degrees of impact on the project construction, so on the basis of information technology, only by adhering to standardized management and continuously improving the efficiency of construction management, the construction of petrochemical construction projects can be carried out smoothly.
1. Characteristics of petrochemical engineering construction.
1.1. The engineering situation is complex, and there is a common dilemma in the petrochemical engineering project, that is, the planning, construction and production are basically carried out jointly between the three, and there are many uncontrollable factors in the petrochemical engineering project, such as: complex professional technology, many variable reasons, many high-altitude operations, huge and complicated planning system, etc., which can directly or indirectly affect the construction of petrochemical engineering projects.
1.2. With the rapid development of technology, at this stage, with the continuous development of modern social science and technology, most of the new resources, new facilities, and new processes continue to join the construction of petrochemical engineering, for example, the use of special resources, the use of high-precision equipment and facilities, intelligent information engineering control, and the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, etc., which have put forward new requirements for the construction of construction projects, installation, commissioning and other links.
1.3. Chemical engineering generally has high quality requirements, chemical enterprises are relatively involved in a wide range of professional fields in construction, the risk of the project itself is very high, and the specific quality of the project has very high requirements in the actual construction process. However, at the same time, the engineering technology has a very large complexity, and there are many specialties involved (such as the welding and installation of high-temperature and high-pressure pipelines and containers of different materials, the hoisting and installation of large-scale tower equipment separation equipment, the assembly and commissioning of air separation air compressor and pump equipment, and the installation and commissioning of intelligent information systems, as well as the treatment and discharge system of water, electricity and three wastes, etc.), and the vast majority of chemical engineering will have a very high demand for some special equipment.
1.4. The project investment is large, the construction period is very long, the chemical engineering is more three-dimensional from the scope of the construction field, and the air layout needs to avoid cross-operation as much as possible, which makes the situation that the whole construction process needs to face is very complex, and the overall difficulty is very high. The number of construction personnel required for the construction of chemical engineering infrastructure is very large, and the professional level of construction personnel is also very high. On the whole, compared with the general large-scale construction projects, chemical engineering has more stringent requirements for construction personnel, and the construction personnel of chemical engineering need to have certain knowledge of chemical infrastructure, and the project must have more stringent requirements in the selection of personnel.
2. Management measures for petrochemical engineering
2.1. Improve the management system.
The project construction should be combined with the actual situation of the project to formulate and improve the construction process project management rules and regulations, and the management system should be managed from the access of the construction unit, the management of the construction process, and the assessment mechanism of the construction project, so that the construction unit can change from passive management to independent management.
The first is to improve the access and selection mechanism of construction units, and strive to solve the problems of uneven construction units, such as setting access qualifications and standardizing the safety management of subcontractors
The second is to improve the means of supervision of construction units, and strive to solve the problem of "managing with packages, ignoring them, and managing them strictly". For example, strengthen the supervision of safety costs of construction units, and implement the main responsibility of safety management of construction units
The third is to strengthen the performance evaluation of the construction unit, and strive to solve the problem of incomplete performance evaluation of the construction unit and insufficient application depth of the evaluation results. For example, improve the reward and punishment mechanism of the construction unit, implement the all-round evaluation of the safety management of the construction unit, and establish the elimination mechanism of the construction unit.
2.2. Strengthen the management of the construction process.
Do a good job of on-site disclosure. Before construction, the relevant responsible person of the enterprise or construction project should go to the construction site to make an on-site disclosure on the risks, dangerous processes, hazardous substances, safety precautions, and technical requirements. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision and management of on-site construction personnel, and timely discover unsafe behaviors, unsafe substances, and unsafe conditions in the construction process to avoid safety production accidents. Risk assessment. Risk assessments are carried out at all stages of project implementation. The construction unit, the construction unit and the supervision unit should continue to carry out risk assessment work, identify the hazard factors related to the project construction activities, scientifically analyze and evaluate them, and take effective preventive measures to ensure construction safety. Strengthen the supervision of the construction process. The construction unit shall inspect and supervise the safety management of the construction unit at the construction site. The inspection method and frequency can be determined according to the scale of the construction project and the degree of risk. Random inspection or observation can be carried out on the site to correct the violations in the operation process. And according to the results of the inspection, the results of the construction unit will be evaluated on the construction unit.
2.3. Strengthen schedule management.
The petrochemical project has a large investment and a very long construction period, and in order to ensure the smooth progress of the project, plan management is the key to success or failure. The schedule can provide a certain guarantee for the progress of the project, including the arrangement of the schedule, and the control of changes. In this way, it is necessary to control according to the actual situation of chemical engineering, determine the relevant construction plan, divide the relevant period and level, fully grasp the various risks and hidden dangers that exist, and strengthen the connection between various departments when carrying out construction. In the case of financial guarantee, the design progress, the procurement of materials and equipment (especially the procurement of long-term equipment) and the progress of on-site construction and installation are the key factors affecting the progress of the project.
2.4. Actively promote the concept of refinement in the whole process.
Petrochemical construction projects should improve their understanding of risk management and actively adopt a comprehensive operation form of whole-process risk control. For the management of petrochemical construction projects, it is necessary to adopt a combination of control, prevention, control and governance to carry out the fine management of petrochemical projects, change the backward concept of risk prevention + risk emergency management in the traditional petrochemical construction system, gradually change the management ideas, and improve the competitiveness of the project and the ability of environmental protection and risk management and control.
3. Specific measures to strengthen quality management.
3.1. Strengthen the concept of project quality management.
Quality control is very important in the whole process of chemical engineering projects, and the concept of quality management must run through the entire construction process of engineering projects in order to further provide guarantee for the quality management of engineering projects. In chemical engineering, the concept of engineering quality management is strengthened, mainly from the following points to prepare:
The first point is that the professionalism of the relevant personnel of the design unit and the construction unit needs to be fully exerted, and the construction plan of the chemical engineering project has very good operability, constructiveness and scientificity.
The second point is that in the process of project quality management, the original materials of the project, the project changes proposed by the owner or some relevant bidding documents can be used as the only standard and basis for construction, so as to provide high-quality services to the owner as the goal of project quality control management.
The third point is to improve and ensure the adaptability, flexible and open thinking, innovation and quick response ability in the quality management process of chemical engineering projects, so as to ensure that problems can be responded in time during the construction process to avoid serious consequences.
The fourth point is that it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the project, give full play to the spirit of accurate, complete and excellence in the process of engineering design, and strengthen the development and application of advanced science and technology, so as to better achieve the perfect combination of efficiency and quality.
Through the above four points, the quality management concept of construction-related personnel is continuously strengthened, and more attention to quality control can be improved in the construction process, so as to provide guarantee for the quality of the project and the safety of construction.
3.2. Pay attention to the application of advanced science and technology, and strive to improve the level of construction technology.
In the process of construction management of chemical engineering projects, science and technology will have a very important impact on the construction quality of the project. In the face of the continuous development and improvement of science and technology, it is necessary to strengthen the application of advanced science and technology in the process of construction quality management. Invest more basic elements to fully apply the technical level of personnel, information technology, and equipment testing technology, and promote the construction technology of chemical engineering to go further, so as to provide guarantee for quality control in the construction process.
3.3. Carry out quality management of the construction process through the quality management target responsibility system.
In the process of implementing the quality management target responsibility system, it is necessary to always put the quality decision in the first place, establish different levels of quality assurance system and reward and punishment mechanism, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of employees. The establishment of the reward and punishment system needs to be summarized from two aspects, on the one hand, the quality inspection, and on the other hand, the management of the process. Among them, process management mainly requires a full and detailed understanding of the process documents related to the project, and the establishment of key accounts for quality management. Through the full and in-depth analysis of process operation and operation rules, the quality control points can be grasped. Realize the quality control from equipment, materials, environment and other aspects to provide assurance. The quality inspection mainly includes the inspection of equipment and facilities, production raw materials and products. At the same time, in the process of quality management of the project, the person responsible for the quality objectives should be highlighted, and the relevant ones in the construction process. In the process of monitoring each process, it is necessary to strictly combine the systems of mutual inspection, special inspection, and self-inspection to ensure that the monitoring can reach high standards and high quality.
3.4. Improve the quality monitoring system.
Through the construction of a strict management system, the project manager is set as the first person responsible for the project, and the quality management and technical quality management departments at all levels are established. The project management department needs to have a full understanding of the relevant documents, and in the process of assigning technical staff, it needs to make a reasonable allocation according to the construction characteristics. And improve and implement the quality management and monitoring system of the project, in the process of quality supervision, the responsibilities of each staff must be clarified and develop the implementation rules and management plans with high orientation and feasibility, so as to make full preparations for the smooth supervision process. There is also the need to ensure its concealment in the acceptance process, and any of the standards and evaluation work are strictly in accordance with the national engineering quality inspection and appraisal standards for inspection.
3.5. Optimize engineering design and make organizational arrangements
The key to ensuring the construction quality of chemical engineering is to improve its design level. The design link is very critical, once there is a problem in the design drawings, then the on-site construction management of the chemical engineering is scientific, and it will also breed quality problems and safety problems. Therefore, to improve the level of construction management of chemical engineering, it is necessary to focus on the control of the design link. After obtaining the first approval and the project is formally approved, the construction party of the chemical project should select a qualified and experienced design unit, and do a good job in the technical review of the design drawings. At the same time, in order to ensure the orderly construction of chemical engineering, after the completion of the inspection of design drawings, it is necessary to formulate a sound organizational planning system, clarify the specific work responsibilities of each link of chemical engineering, clarify the specific work tasks of each department, and strictly supervise.
They carefully analyze their own job responsibilities and implement them in an in-depth and comprehensive manner in the process of practical construction, so as to effectively improve the overall construction quality of chemical engineering.
3.6. Correctly carry out supervision and inspection
Supervision and inspection is more important for the engineering quality control system, it is necessary to strengthen the study of the inspection results, put forward the correct method for control, and need to add these contents to the supervision work plan to ensure that it can be effectively implemented. According to the professional development of perfect supervision work rules, in the process of fully grasp the implementation of the situation and the existence of sudden information. Analysis of the problems existing in the construction, by taking certain measures to prevent the recurrence of this situation. So as to continuously improve the quality of work of all parties and comprehensively promote the implementation of the project.