withibmand successive breakthroughs at institutions such as Harvard UniversityQuantumAn important milestone is being reached in the field of computing. Now people are interested inUniversalQuantum computershave higher expectations. These breakthroughs have laid a solid foundation for unprecedented computing power and laid the foundation for a new era for human civilization.
ibmThe blockbuster of the releaseQuantum chipsCondor andQuantum computersIt has attracted widespread attention. This breakthrough means:QuantumbitsThe number broke through 1000 and made thatQuantum chipsMore robust and reliable. In addition,ibmThe third generation was also launchedQuantum chipsHeron, with 3 to 5 times better performance, 5 times less error rate, and the ability to connect to each other, buildModularityofQuantum computersibmQuantumSystem 2 became the first in the worldModularityof practicalityQuantum computers。These breakthroughs have sparked concern aboutQuantum computersThe coming excitement is considered to be the eve of another great change in human civilization.
However, Harvard's breakthrough is even more to the wholeQuantumThe field of computing has led to staggering significant advancements. They created a completely new oneQuantumError correction methods can be 280 pcsPhysicsQuantumBits are converted into 48 logicsQuantumBit. This means Harvard LabsQuantum computersPerformance has been exceededibmof the strongestQuantum chipscondor 4 times!This is a revolutionary step forward and one step closer to the dream of rapid vaccine development and accurate weather forecasting. However, this also means that existing encryption protocols and security measures can be compromised because:Quantum computersIt is possible to easily crack these encryption systems, exposing personal and *** data.
In order to understand Harvard's breakthrough, we first need to understandQuantumThe concept of error correction. CurrentQuantumbitsare very vulnerable, even small temperature changes or otherAtomiccan cause an instantaneous change in its state, calledDecoherenceScienceThe home needs to be extendedQuantumbitscoherence time to calculate. At the same time,ScienceFamilies also need to find a kind of correctionAlgorithmsto solveQuantumbitsFailure issues.
Use existing error correctionAlgorithms, a large amount is requiredPhysicsQuantumbits to form a logicQuantumbits, which leads to a lotPhysicsQuantumBits are wasted. ibmThe latest release of condorQuantum chipsThere are 1121 of themQuantumbits, but only barely forming a logicQuantumBit. Therefore, error correction technology becomes particularly importantCritical, effective usePhysicsQuantumbits to build logicQuantumThe bits areQuantum computersdevelopmentalCritical
Harvard's breakthrough uses a precise, low-power laser beam to manipulate a singleAtomicto createQuantumCircuit. By controlling the switch of the laser beam, adjustAtomicThe degree of "excitement" changesAtomicways of interaction, thus forming a specialQuantumbits。If the measurement results show:AtomicIn an error state,ScienceFamilies can use laser beams to correct them. The Harvard team's approach was very effective, using 280PhysicsQuantumbits form 48 logicsQuantumbits, which greatly improves the efficiency of error correction.
Although the breakthrough at Harvard University makes people realizeUniversalQuantum computersmay be closer than expected, but further research is needed to confirm this. UniversalQuantum computersThe implementation is complex and requires many technical challenges to be solved. However, withScienceBreakthroughs are being made, and this goal is gradually approaching.
Quantum computersThe computing power is growing exponentially, logicallyQuantumThe number of bits is growing exponentially, as is the size of the problem that can be handled. This means:UniversalQuantum computersIt is expected to make great breakthroughs in the solution of complex problems, such as optimization problems and simulationsQuantumsystems, cryptography cracking, etc. This will work on existing computersSciencePhysicsscience, chemistry, biology and other fields have had a profound impact.
In addition,UniversalQuantum computersIt will also be promotedArtificial intelligenceMachine learning Xiand other technological developments. Quantum computersAbility to process large-scale data faster, provide more accurate models andAlgorithms。This will be:Artificial intelligencesystem andMachine learning XiAlgorithmsThe training and optimization provides more powerful computing power and is expected to be acceleratedArtificial intelligenceapplication and development.
However,UniversalQuantum computersThere are still many challenges to its practical application. One of the main challenges is:Quantumbitsstability and fault tolerance. Due toQuantumbitsAny minor failure or interference can lead to serious errors in the calculation results. Therefore,QuantumFurther development of error correction technology is essential to solveQuantumbitsinvalidation of the problem and improveQuantum computersstability and reliability.
AnotherCriticalThe challenge is:Quantum computersscalability. CurrentQuantum computersCalculations can often only be implemented on a smaller scale, but rather on a stand-alone basisUniversalQuantum computers, it takes hundreds, thousands, or even tens of thousandsQuantumbits。How to effectively connect and regulate such a large number of themQuantumbitsto achieve complexAlgorithmsThe operation is still a technical problem and requires further research and development.
In general,UniversalQuantum computersThe breakthrough will open a new chapter in human civilization. It will be on the computerSciencePhysicsscience, chemistry, biology and other fields have far-reaching impact and promoteArtificial intelligenceMachine learning Xiand other technological developments. However, to achieveUniversalQuantum computersThere are still many challenges and needs for practicalizationScienceWe continue to research and innovate.