Mr. Lu Xun said it well: "China's thousands of years of history is a history of successes and defeats." The conspiracy of the successful is written into wisdom, the shamelessness of the victor is whitewashed into a stratagem, and the cruelty of the strong is painted into heroism." Gou Jian is the victor, he won the war, but lost humanity.
The era when Zhou Tianzi commanded the world was gone, and the vassal states established themselves as kings, and the heroes rose up together to divide one side. The canonical system and moral norms were gradually lost with the decline of the Zhou royal family. The struggle for power at the top directly destroyed the people's comfortable life, and even more terrifyingly, destroyed the people's comfortable social structure.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the vassal states fought according to the rules, did not regard the people as cannon fodder in troubled times, and their nobles were worthy of being leaders.
Clause. 1. Not everyone can fight. I was able to get on at that time.
The only people on the battlefield were aristocratic men, who were called warriors and civilian slaves at the time. Civilian slaves, on the other hand, could only do logistical tasks such as carrying luggage, cooking, and sweeping the floor.
Clause. 2. The place where the war will be fought must not be in the area where the people live or in a small place, but must be at the junction of the two countries, and it must be a wide area. After all, a war between two countries cannot hurt innocent passers-by.
Clause. 3. No raids. Before you fight, you have to follow the enemy.
The people issued a war letter, and waited for the envoys of the two countries to sit on the wine table and listen to the ** discuss the time and place of the war with others, and the enemy agreed before they could go back to prepare.
Clause. 4. When fighting, you must not fight the enemy king. And not only can you not fight, but you also have to get out of the car and salute. After all, fighting a war is a small matter, and losing etiquette is a big matter.
Clause. 5. The wars of the Spring and Autumn Period were all chariot battles, and there were no horse battles or soldiers standing on the ground to fight, but each soldier drove a chariot. The chariots were lined up. The number of tanks of the two armies is equal, that is, the enemy forces send 10 tanks, and our side also sends 10 tanks. During the battle, the chariots of both sides fought each other, that is, the chariot I drove only fought with the enemy chariot on the opposite side, and did not engage with other enemy chariots.
Another law of war in the Sixth Spring and Autumn Period is: War is divided into victory and defeat, and life and death are not decided. If an enemy soldier is wounded in battle, the battle must be stopped immediately and the wounded must be returned to the camp to heal. Our fighters, on the other hand, will be on the spot and will not be allowed to participate in other "matched" battles.
In the eyes of today's people, the performance of these ancestors on the battlefield in the Spring and Autumn Period seems to be too pedantic, but in fact, it is not. Because the combat methods and concepts of warfare before the Spring and Autumn Period were very different from those of later generations.
The armies of the Spring and Autumn Period were mainly based on the aristocracy, and the number of soldiers was small, only a few hundred chariots, and the time spent on each war was generally no more than one day. Therefore, the war at that time was more like a large-scale duel between gentlemen. Aristocrats compare courage and strength in war, and sneak attacks, fraud, and taking advantage of people's danger are all immoral. As Xu Jieling said: "The biggest feature of the Spring and Autumn War is that it pays attention to promises, abides by faith, and does not win by conspiracy and cunning.
After the advent of Sun Tzu's Art of War, the original interest in war was broken, and the weak defeated the strong, and the less won the more. In essence, in the Spring and Autumn Period, it seemed that it was a sneak attack that did not enter the stream, and did not talk about martial arts.
The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were a chaotic era.
Without the "co-lord of the world", the original unified political order maintained by the authority of the Zhou royal family has failed. In the authoritarian management model, everything is regulated and adjudicated by the highest authority, and there is a lack of effective communication between the governed countries horizontally, as well as the ability to negotiate and work together. Therefore, as soon as authority falls, the world is in chaos. There are no more common standards and principles, no more effective coordination mechanisms. Throughout the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, all countries abided by the law of the jungle of the jungle. Historians say that "the Warring States are unrighteous wars".
According to statistics, in the Spring and Autumn Period, 36 monarchs were killed, 52 countries were killed, and countless large and small battles were carried outThere were about 222 large and small wars during the Warring States period. The people of all countries are living in constant turmoil of war, and of course it is very painful.
The nobility of the Spring and Autumn period lived calmly and elegantly, and the borders and passes between countries did not need to be guarded by heavy troops, because people would not go to war without declaring it. In the Warring States Period, countries were heavily guarded, and "unscrupulous means" became the main means of war. An important rule of war in the Spring and Autumn Period was that "divisions do not cut down and mourn", if a country encounters the death of the opposing monarch when sending troops, it must take the initiative to withdraw its troops. However, from the late Spring and Autumn period, especially in the Warring States period, the death of the opposing monarch became the best time for oneself to send troops.
During the Warring States Period, the Shang Dynasty changed the law, turning the Qin State into a huge war machine, enslaving the people. Zhang Yi deceived King Chu Huai and was ridiculed by later generations for more than 2,000 years. But no one laughed at the initiator Zhang Yi, as the prime minister of a big country, to carry out the scoundrel deeds of the market, which is the absurdity of becoming a king and defeating a villain.
Later generations naturally learned the same, and various military techniques were interpreted again and again. In today's world, the chaos is not much worse than that of the Spring and Autumn Period. The world's multinational game methods cannot be described as conspiracy, and the collapse of moral systems and values has made everyone miserable. In order to compete for hegemony, big countries rack their brains every day, wanting to combine the advantages of the world;Small countries tremble, juggling between big countries, thinking day and night about how to survive.