The fundamental purpose of Chinese teaching in primary schools is to cultivate students' reading and writing skills. It can be seen that cultivating reading ability is extremely important. In the teaching of reading, there is a common phenomenon that teachers talk and students listen, and teachers ask students to answer. In this way, students' reading ability cannot be substantially improved, and students' vocabulary, speaking, reading aloud, generalization, and thinking skills cannot be truly improved. One of the tasks of language teaching is to develop students' reading skills. From a macro point of view, there is no "fixed law" for reading and writing, but from a micro point of view, students are also reading the same as writing, and there is indeed a "law" to follow. So, how to develop the reading ability of elementary school students?Let me talk about a few of my observations.
OneTo cultivate reading ability, we must first strengthen the training of words and sentences
To read a text, you need to understand the words and sentences in it in order to better understand the main content and basic ideas of the textIt is necessary to consciously use the words you have learned and organize the required sentences in order to better and accurately express your true feelings. Mastering certain vocabulary and sentence knowledge is an important foundation for developing reading and writing. Therefore, it is very important to guide students to understand words, accumulate words, and guide students to use words, which is an important part of cultivating reading ability. There are two points to be paid attention to in vocabulary training: one is to pay attention to both understanding and application, and combine learning and application;Second, it should be combined with reading texts and understanding texts. Some commonly used words should be used Xi students in speaking and writing. Some basic sentence forms should be guided to deepen students' understanding, and let them make sentences orally or in writing, and learn to use them. When guiding students to understand words, students should be given an understanding of the meaning and usage of these words and sentences in specific linguistic contexts. Some words are easy to understand at first reading and do not need to be explained. Some words are slightly compared;The student understands. The focus of teaching should be on the best of the dayThe focus should be on guiding students to speak, and then to use it verbally. In order for students to better understand and use the rich language of their motherland, teachers can sometimes ask students to change the words and sentences in the text.
IITeach reading methods and develop reading skills
1.In-depth analysis of teaching materials, and thorough grasp of the characteristics of teaching materials.
Find out the penetration point, training point, and entry point of Fa study guidance, so that Fa study guidance can be targeted and get twice the result with half the effort. For example, in response to the article "Goodbye, Relatives" in the ninth volume of the unified textbook, we will provide guidance on the study of the law. First of all, it is necessary to seriously study and analyze the teaching materials in depth, and grasp the three distinctive characteristics of the teaching materials: First, they are rich in literature and feelings. The whole text is filled with the deep friendship between the volunteer soldiers and the Korean people, and it stirs the hearts of tens of millions of people. The second is typical and moving. The author delicately portrays the main typical characters and typical cases, and expresses the central idea that the friendship between the Chinese and North Korean people cemented with blood is higher than a mountain and deeper than the sea, which is irrefutable and touching and infectious. Third, the structure is rigorous. The first three paragraphs of the text all adopt the basic pattern and the basic procedures of learning method guidance, that is, relying on typical passages to enter the country passionately, carefully guide students to learn the method, guide students to analyze the structure of the article, reveal the rules of writing, and experience the feelings of the content of the article.
2.Xi guidance, teaching methods
Pre-Xi is an important method to cultivate students' self-learning ability and an important part of improving the quality of classroom teaching. The students have just entered the third grade and can't Xi pre-Xi, so I will bring the pre- into the classroom and concentrate on the pre-Xi guidance class and teach.
How to pre-Xi students: Read the texts well and read them aloud correctly and fluentlyThinking while reading, you can answer the main content of the text more accurately after reading;Use a dictionary to recognize words and understand words. For example, when teaching the lesson "Confucius Apprenticeship", let the students learn the Xi texts according to the above pre-Xi methods, and when the students are familiar with the text, say the main content of the text, and use the dictionary to recognize the words, understand the words, and mark the sentences they do not understand, then let the students review the Xi learning process just now, and let the students summarize the methods and steps of the pre-Xi by themselves. In this way, instruct in the classroom.
After three or four texts, students will have a basic grasp of the methods and steps of pre-Xi.
With the progress of the reading training program, the pre-Xi requirements are also increased accordingly, and on the basis of the above training, students are assigned a directional Xi outline for students to follow, so that the pre-Xi transition from support to release. Students have done full Xi before class, which not only improves the teaching effect and creates conditions for a large amount of reading, but also through Xi, students have mastered the methods and steps of pre-Xi, improved their self-learning ability, and made a good start to reading training.
3.Take a good intensive reading class, pedagogy
The reading materials for intensive literacy are developed in the form of unit groups. When teaching, it is necessary to grasp the key points of the training of this unit and this group, and train students in a focused and planned way by intensive reading with skimming, in-class with extra-curricular, and with one article with multiple articles, so as to gradually improve their independent reading ability. Therefore, it is necessary to devote the main energy to intensive reading classes, teach students how to read, and improve students' reading ability.
IIITo cultivate reading ability, we should be good at inspiring students to question and fully mobilize students' initiative and enthusiasm
In the teaching of reading, it is only the teacher who asks the question and the student who answers, and the student is always in a passive situation. I.
Through the teaching of texts one by one, students should learn the methods of reading knowledge and form reading ability. Gradually cultivate students' learning habits XiXi. In order to develop students' reading ability, teachers need to find ways to get students to ask questions that they don't understand, so that students can learn more actively. Teachers can allow students to Xi the text, have words they don't know, read pinyin, and check the dictionary if they don't understand the meaning of words. What really can't be solved, the teacher helps to solve it. In teaching, the teacher guides and inspires students to put forward the incomprehensible points (such as sentences, a certain natural paragraph, certain content, etc.). Sometimes, when students really can't bring it up, the teacher asks them if they understand a certain sentence or a certain meaning. In this way, students gradually develop a good Xi of finding out what they do not understand and asking questions when reading texts. When students ask questions, teachers try to inspire them to answer each other. If they really can't solve it, it will be explained by the teacher.
FourthCompare and read to broaden your horizons
The famous educator Shinsky said: "Comparison is the basis of all understanding divergent thinking, and it is through comparison that we understand everything in the world." "From the perspective of language teaching, comparative method is a method that cannot be ignored in the whole process of learning Xi. Comparison can enable students to connect with old lessons when learning new lessons, so as to realize the positive transfer of learning Xi process, broaden their horizons, and inspire their ideas. In primary school textbooks, articles of the same genre but different themes, articles with the same theme but different genres, and articles of the same genre and theme with different cuts can be read to understand their content and figure out their skills. For example, in the fifth grade's "Little Hero Rain" and "Juvenile Leap Earth", after students compare and read, it is not difficult to find that both genres are **, but they can leap across time and space to reflect different themes. The former reflects the period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and shows the excellent qualities of the children in the anti-Japanese base areas who love the motherland, are brave and wittyThe latter reflects an earlier era than the former, showing the rich knowledge, intelligence and ability of rural youth. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to inspire and induce students to have a clear purpose, seek the best way to read, concentrate on self-study, discuss while reading, compare similarities and differences, solve problems, and strive for innovation, so as to gradually improve their reading ability and analytical ability to meet the needs of the future.
In short, through purposeful, planned, methodical, and step-by-step training, primary school students' reading ability will be gradually improved.