The political landscape in Palestine is dominated by two major factions, "Fatah" and "Hamas". Both factions were born for the national liberation of Palestine, but historically, they have taken different paths and formed different ideas and goals. "Fatah" is an abbreviation for "Palestinian National Liberation Movement", and its founder was the Palestinian national leader Yasser Arafat, who founded the organization in Kuwait in 1959, and since 1969, it has become the most influential faction in Palestine. "Hamas" is an abbreviation for "Islamic Resistance Movement", its predecessor was "Islamic Center", which was founded in the Gaza Strip in 1987 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, a militant organization guided by the teachings of Islam.
In the process of confronting Israel, "Fatah" and "Hamas" were once allies and comrades-in-arms, working together for the interests of Palestine. However, over time, the differences and contradictions between the two factions also gradually became apparent. "Fatah" prefers to reach a compromise with Israel and establish an independent Palestinian state through peaceful negotiations and diplomatic channels, while "Hamas" advocates the continuation of the armed struggle to eliminate Israel and establish a state that fully follows Sharia law. This difference, in the early 90s of the last century, has already caused a conflict between the two factions. At that time, the "Fatah" launched Palestinian-Israeli peace talks, hoping to exchange land and recognize Israel's existence in exchange for partial sovereignty and security of Palestine. Hamas, for its part, resolutely opposes this practice as a betrayal and betrayal of the Palestinian people, and has launched a series of suicide bombings in an attempt to undermine the peace talks.
In January 2006, Palestine held elections for the Legislative Council, which were historic as they were the first elections in Palestine to be held under the ** system. In this election, "Hamas" overwhelmingly defeated "Fatah" and won a majority of seats in the Legislative Council, thus ending "Fatah's" long-term ruling position. "Hamas" then formed a new **, but it was boycotted and sanctioned by Israel and Western countries because it refused to recognize Israel's existence, renounced violence, and cooperated with "Fatah". In 2007, tensions between the two factions escalated into armed conflict, and Hamas staged a coup d'état to drive Fatah out of the Gaza Strip and take control of the coastal area. Since then, Palestine has been divided into two political entities, one is the West Bank controlled by "Fatah" and the other is the Gaza Strip controlled by "Hamas".