1. Principle of orchard grass cultivation:
Orchard grass cultivation, that is, planting herbaceous plants between the rows or plants of fruit trees, is a soil management and ecological cultivation method adopted by the majority of fruit farmers in recent years. It not only improves the ecological environment of the orchard, but also helps to improve the yield and quality of fruit trees and reduce management costs. This paper will start from the principle of grass cultivation, its benefits to reduce management costs and improve the quality of fruit trees, and combine the characteristics of a variety of green manure varieties to give suitable cultivation suggestions.
Orchard grass2. Principles and benefits of orchard grass cultivation:
Reduced management costs: Raw grass inhibits the growth of weeds and reduces the frequency of herbicides and manual weeding, resulting in cost savings. At the same time, grass can increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and reduce the cost of fertilization and pest control.
Improve the quality of fruit trees: Grass can improve the microclimate of the orchard, increase air humidity, reduce surface temperature fluctuations, and provide a more suitable growth environment for fruit trees. At the same time, grass can increase soil fertility and water retention capacity, and improve the quality indexes of fruits, such as sugar, color and flavor.
Orchard grass3. Green manure variety selection and analysis of advantages and disadvantages:
1. Rat thatch: the advantages are rapid growth, strong mulching ability, and can effectively inhibit weedsThe disadvantage is that the heat resistance is relatively poor.
Rat thatch 2, hairy vetch: the advantage is that the nitrogen fixation ability is strong, and the soil fertility is improvedThe disadvantage is that the growing period is short and it is not heat-tolerant in summer.
3. Arrowhead pea: the advantage is that the nitrogen fixation effect is good, and the soil nitrogen is increasedThe disadvantage is that the root system is shallow and the wind resistance is poor.
4. Fertiliser radish: the advantage is to increase soil organic matter and improve soil structureThe disadvantage is that it is difficult to collect seeds, and the self-breeding ability is poor, and it generally needs to be turned over.
5. Fertilized radish and grass rhinoceros: the advantage is that it is perennial and easy to manageThe disadvantage is that the initial growth is slow, and the covering effect is not significant.
Grass rhinoceros 6, white clover: the advantage is drought resistance, cold resistance, trampling resistance;The disadvantage is that it is less competitive and easy to be overrun by weeds.
White clover 7, ryegrass: the advantage is fast growth, strong covering ability;The disadvantage is that it requires a lot of water, which is not suitable for areas with hotter summers.
Ryegrass 8, duck grass: the advantage is drought resistance, cold resistance, barren resistance;The disadvantage is that the seeds are small and the sowing technology is demanding.
9. Fertile field rape: the advantage is that it grows rapidly, has a long flowering period, and is conducive to bee pollinationThe disadvantage is that it is susceptible to diseases, and pest control needs to be strengthened.
Fertile field rape 10, milk vetch: the advantage is that the flowering period is long, the ornamental value is high;The disadvantage is slow growth and poor coverage.
Milk vetch4. Suggestions for suitable scenarios:
In arid areas, choose drought-resistant varieties such as duck grass and white clover;In humid areas, moisture-loving varieties such as ryegrass and fertilization radish can be chosen.
For orchards that need to improve soil fertility, you can choose varieties such as hairy vetch and arrowhead pea with strong nitrogen fixation capacity.
In orchards with weed problems, fast-growing, high-mulching varieties such as rat thatch and ryegrass are good choices.
If the landscape effect and ecological diversity are considered, varieties with long flowering periods such as milk vetch and fertile field rape can be preferred.
Orchard grassV. Conclusions
Orchard grass cultivation is an eco-friendly and cost-effective way to manage orchards. Through the rational selection of green manure varieties, not only can reduce management costs, but also improve the quality of fruit trees. The choice should be based on local climatic conditions, soil conditions, and the specific needs of the orchard.
Orchard green manure seeds:
It is hoped that the analysis and suggestions in this paper can provide a useful reference for the majority of fruit farmers in the practice of orchard grass cultivation.