Urban and Rural Integrated Development Network-Rural Science and Technology Reporter Cai Ge, Li Peng, Special Correspondents, Yao Anping, Hu Caiqiong.
Wuxi County is located at the southern foot of the eastern section of Daba Mountain, known as the "sea of natural medicine", is a key county for the production of Chinese medicinal materials in Chongqing, and is also a key production area of Chinese medicinal materials in China. There are nearly 3,000 kinds of real estate Chinese medicinal materials with medicinal value in Wuxi County, accounting for 50 of the total number of medicinal animals and plants in the city2%, of which the planting area of medicinal materials such as lovage and codonopsis is larger. In recent years, the authentic Chinese herbal medicine industry with the brand of "Wuxi Duhuo" has become an important industry to help rural revitalization and promote county economic development.
Liao Kaiming. As the "hometown of living alone", there are tens of thousands of people in Wuxi County who make a living from it, and one of them holds the title of "living alone". From planting to acquiring Duhuo, for 30 years, he devoted himself to the planting, primary processing and sales industry, and broke into a number of Chinese herbal medicine markets across the country with the business card of alpine Chinese medicinal materials, and solved the problem of "difficulty in planting" and "difficulty in selling" of mountain medicine farmers, and successively established Wuxi County Authentic Chinese Herbal Medicine Planting Cooperative, Wuxi County Tongli Chinese Herbal Medicine Association of Wuxi County, leading the villagers to embark on the road to making a fortune, he is the local Chinese herbal medicine business - Liao Kaiming.
Recently, the reporter came to Wuxi County Tongli Chinese Herbal Medicine, located in Tongcheng Village, Tongcheng Town, and saw that the workers were sorting and living alone, and the entire factory area faintly exuded the refreshing aroma of Chinese medicinal herbs. "These solitary jobs are first removed from fibrous roots and sediment, then washed, sliced, dried and stored in cold storage using an automated production line. Now we have sales outlets and customers in Qingping, Lotus Pond, Yulin and Bozhou, the four major pharmaceutical capitals in the country, with a sales price of 20 40 yuan per kilogram, and this year is expected to sell more than 2,000 tons of Duhuo, with an output value of 25 million yuan. Liao Kaiming said happily.
From "planting alone" to "selling alone".
Liao Kaiming was born in Qilong Village, Shuangyang Township, Wuxi County, and is an authentic farmer. At that time, the villagers generally planted Duhuo, and under the influence of hearing and seeing, Liao Kaiming also formed an indissoluble bond with Duhuo over time. Due to his poor family, after graduating from junior high school, he chose to take root in the countryside and follow his parents to live alone. "At that time, my family was poor, the transportation in the mountainous area was inconvenient, the information was blocked, and I didn't know how to find a way to live outside. Liao Kaiming told reporters that the family planted 3 acres of solitary life, which is the main economy of the whole family, with an annual income of more than 10,000 yuan.
According to the agricultural experts of Wuxi County Agriculture and Rural Committee, Duhuo is the dried root of Angelica sinensis, which has the effects of dispelling wind and dampness, clearing paralysis and relieving pain, etc., and has high medicinal value, and is suitable for growing in the valley or ravine side of the alpine mountain area at an altitude of 1400 2600 meters, and likes cold and humid climatic conditions.
As the saying goes, "Good medicine comes out of the mountains." "Shuangyang Township is more than 1,600 meters above sea level, perennial clouds and mist, large temperature difference between day and night, has a unique geographical advantage, very suitable for the development of Chinese medicinal materials. However, for many years, local farmers have been scattered and planted alone, not on a large scale, and the quality is uneven, the sales channel is single, and the harvest season is only eager to buy from foreign pharmacists, without bargaining power, many times can only be sold cheaply, and the overall income of medicine farmers has not been able to go up.
The staff of Wuxi County Agriculture and Rural Committee investigated the clean-up situation.
At that time, the rural information was blocked, the farmers did not have an accurate grasp of the medicinal materials market, did not understand the best of the best, the good medicinal materials were not sold to the best of their ability, the benefits could not be improved, and the industry could not grow. Liao Kaiming, who saw the shortcomings of the development of the medicinal materials industry, decided to focus on developing sales channels for Chinese medicinal materials to help the villagers solve the siege. In 2000, he opened a Chinese herbal medicine acquisition store in Wuxi County, going door-to-door to buy Duhuo, and then selling it to Chinese herbal medicine companies in Chongqing, Sichuan and other places. "I drove a tricycle through the village and alleys, and purchased Duhuo at a price of about 1 yuan per kilogram higher than the market price, so that all the receivables were collected and the income of the medicine farmers was guaranteed. With the sales model of small profits and quick turnover, Liao Kaiming's store business gradually flourished, and more and more medicinal material companies approached him to buy Duhuo. Not only that, with the increase in the number of orders, Liao Kaiming also made a lot of money by acquiring Duhuo, and the net profit reached 50,000 yuan that year.
With the business principles of honesty and trustworthiness, reliable quality and fairness, Liao Kaiming's medicinal materials business has flourished, and he has quickly accumulated a number of stable customers, and gradually made a name for himself in the Chinese herbal medicine market in Chongqing. In the next few years, the net profit of purchasing and selling Duhuo reached about 70,000 yuan every year. In order to increase the variety of medicinal materials purchased and sold, he also expanded the scope of purchase, and purchased Chinese medicinal materials such as Atractylodes, Guanzhong, Muxiang, Taibai Fritillary, Daning Codonopsis, and Pueraria Root in the nearby Lanying Township, Wulong Township, Tianba Township, etc., and purchased more than 100 tons of Chinese medicinal materials every year.
In 2006, a familiar village ** in the village went to Liao Kaiming, saying that he was doing business in Hebei, and saw that the Chinese herbal medicine market in Anguo, Hebei Province was large and the channels were wide, so he suggested that he go over to investigate. After learning the news, Liao Kaiming was overjoyed, and immediately went to Hebei with various samples of Chinese medicinal materials in Wuxi. The success of this "water test" made Liao Kaiming see the broad market prospect of alpine authentic medicinal materials, and he decided to sell Wuxi's authentic Chinese medicinal materials to all parts of the country.
Since it is necessary to break into a larger market, it is necessary to have a sufficient supply of Chinese herbal medicines. Liao Kaiming knows that it is necessary to change the previous way of single door-to-door acquisition. In 2007, he began to purchase local Chinese medicinal materials from the county's medicinal herb wholesale market, and then transported them in large quantities to the Hebei market for sale, improving sales efficiency. "In the peak season, you can sell up to 10 tons of medicinal materials per day, and the net profit is more than 10,000 yuan, and it is no problem to earn 200,000 yuan a year. Liao Kaiming said with a smile.
Workers are cleaning up alone.
Strengthen the authentic Chinese herbal medicine industry and lead the villagers to get rich together
In the past, everyone planted Duhuo according to the traditional concept, and the yield per mu was more than 200 kilograms when the harvest was good, and only more than 100 kilograms when the harvest was poor, which was very unstable. Liao Kaiming knows that in order to improve efficiency, we must take the road of intensive development, unify planting technology, and scientifically manage alone. To this end, he registered and established Wuxi Daodi Chinese herbal medicine planting cooperatives, took the lead in learning Xi introducing advanced medicinal material planting management experience, and participated in the training of high-quality farmers such as the "head goose" project of rural revitalization industry leaders and rural prosperity leaders under the recommendation of Wuxi County Agriculture and Rural Committee. In order to ensure that the single-living quality is good.
Seedling cultivation is a key technology that affects the yield and quality of the single life, such as the selection of seeds must be harvested after the white dew, mainly to distinguish the maturity by color, purple-red, full particles are the best, after harvesting should pay attention to the shade and not exposure to the sun; Secondly, the soil must be prepared before seedlings, the bottom fertilizer is mainly phosphate fertilizer, and the thickness of the soil should be controlled at 1 cm; Finally, it is necessary to pay attention to manual weeding 4 times from April to July of the lunar calendar, and then apply top dressing. The first time is in spring when the seedling height is about 10 cm, combined with cultivating and weeding, topdressing urea 5 10 kg per mu to raise seedlings; For the second time, when the seedling height is about 30 cm in summer, the fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied again in combination with the cultivation of the seedlings to promote the balanced and robust growth of the seedlings. At the scene, Liao Kaiming talked about the "planting management experience" of Duhuo.
If the raw materials of Chinese herbal medicines are not processed and the storage time is limited, mildew will occur in one year. If you do rough processing, you can stock it for three or four years, and it won't affect the quality. After unifying the planting technology, Liao Kaiming built a primary processing factory to carry out primary processing and grading screening of Duhuo according to market circulation. In 2015, he invested 3 million yuan to introduce a slice screening machine, which divided Duhuo into first-class, second-level, first-class film selection and grading, which greatly improved the economic benefits of Duhuo. Liao Kaiming told reporters that the price of the first-class film selection market is 80 yuan kg, accounting for 15%; second-level 65 yuan kg, accounting for 30%; *50 yuan kg, accounting for 20%; Compared with the previous unified sales, the average price of graded sales can be about 15 yuan more per kilogram, and each ton of goods can be sold more than 15,000 yuan after grading treatment. Under Liao Kaiming's years of painstaking management, the company has become a leading enterprise of Chinese herbal medicines integrating planting, acquisition, processing and sales, driving more than 300 farmers in the county to plant and live alone, with an average income increase of 10,000 yuan.
A corner of the single-living planting base.
Liao Xiangrong is one of the beneficiaries of the medicine farmers. He was originally a returned migrant worker in Shuangyang Township, and returned to his hometown in 2012 to do odd jobs. After that, under the guidance of Liao Kaiming, he planted Duhuo, successfully developed more than 100 acres of Duhuo planting base, and set up his own cooperatives and family farms, which greatly increased his income and built a small western-style house. "Thanks to Mr. Liao for the help I have provided over the years, now the total planting area of the cooperative has reached 1,000 acres, and the base can produce up to 150 200 kilograms per mu. Liao Xiangrong said excitedly.
In addition, Liao Kaiming also employs more than 20 villagers to work in the processing plant all year round, and the company's annual labor expenditure reaches 400,000 yuan, which effectively solves the employment problem of the surrounding surplus labor. "I used to work in the county, but I often couldn't take care of the elderly and children at home. Now working here in Mr. Liao, I can not only take care of my family, but also have a stable income of 3,000 yuan per month, which is very reassuring. Villager He Chengmei said.
I went to the field to check the growth of Chinese medicinal materials, worked with the villagers in the cooperative, and went to the surrounding farmers to guide the planting techniques for freeLiao Kaiming is full of energy, and he is busy everywhere. In 2023, Liao Kaiming will be rated as "Wuxi County Rural Practical Talent Leading Talent". For the future development plan, Liao Kaiming said that it is necessary to rely on the geographical indication of "Wuxi Duhuo", an agricultural product, to establish a green standardized commodity Duhuo planting base of 1,000 acres, further improve the scale of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and cooperate with well-known Chinese herbal medicine companies to create the brand of "Wuxi Duhuo of Materia Medica" to promote the healthy development of the alpine Chinese herbal medicine industry.
Farm Science and Technology (Issue 11, 2023).