In 104 BC, the 52-year-old Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, in a fit of rage, sent tens of thousands of cavalry and tens of thousands of young men with bad conduct to gild his favorite concubine Li Guangli, the brother of Madame Li: to attack Dawan in the distant Western Regions.
He wanted to favor the Li family, worshiped Li Guangli as the general of the second division, sent 6,000 horsemen to the subordinate country, and tens of thousands of evil teenagers in the county and country - "Historical Records".The reason is: King Dawan actually refused to give the Han Jin sweat and blood horse!
The second division of the horse, like a BMW also. Refused to give the Han envoy - "Historical Records".At this time, the Han Dynasty had been connected to the Western Regions for 20 years (this was the Silk Road).
As early as 126 BC, Zhang Qian returned to Chang'an from the Western Regions, and told Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: Dawan has good horses, and there is a kind of horse among them, which is the offspring of the son of Tianma, and the sweat is as red as blood.
Dawan. Many good horses, horse sweat blood, its innate horses also. - "Historical Records".Dawan has always paid tribute to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, but the sweat and blood BMW that Zhang Qian said has not appeared until a group of envoys who have been envoys to Dawan since they were teenagers returned and brought the news of the BMW again!Han Wu was extremely excited after hearing this!
They told Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty that Dawan had very good horses, which were hidden in the city of Ershi (present-day Osh, Kyrgyzstan), and that the Han envoys did not show them when they chose good horses.
There is like a good horse in the city of Ershi, and he refuses to communicate with the Han envoy - "Historical Records".When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty heard that there were better horses, and, most likely, they were the descendants of the Tianma mentioned by Zhang Qian back then!
Immediately he happily prepared a thousand gold and 1 pure gold horse as a reward from the Son of Heaven;Send Che Ling and others to Dawan to bring Dawan's treasured sweat and blood BMW back to Dahan.
But BMW didn't bring it back, and the Han envoy and the ** Golden Horse were all cut off by Dawan!
The Han envoy who fled back told Emperor Wu of Han about this.
When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty got the news, he was furious!
The majesty of the Son of Heaven, how can it be violated?
sent Li Guangli, the brother of the favorite concubine Mrs. Li, to find the field.
The countries of the Western Regions refused to supply the Han envoys, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhao Ponu to attack them.
In 108 BC, Zhao Ponu, who was the first to reach Loulan and Gushi, took Loulan and Gushi with only more than 700 soldiers and horses, and besieged Dawan and other countries along the way.
Therefore, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty felt that giving Li Guangli 6,000 cavalry was properly gilded.
However, in 103 BC, Li Guangli, who was originally gilded, was defeated!Retired to Dunhuang County.
When the news came back to Chang'an, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was completely furious, and Li Guangli was not allowed to take a step back, and those who violated the order were beheaded!
Then, with the strength of the whole country, Li Guangli was given 60,000 additional troops, and the cattle, horses, donkeys, and mules that transported supplies were counted in tens of thousands, not including the stragglers who brought their own dry rations, and there were more than 50 school captains alone.
Technicians who are good at water conservancy engineering were also sent to divert the river and cut off the water source outside the city: there are no wells in the city, and the domestic water is taken from the river that runs through the city.
Under this arrangement, Li Guangli seized the opportunity to capture the outer city of Dawan, and after a stalemate, he killed the stubbornly resisting king Wu (wú) widow with Dawan **, and let the Han Dynasty choose good horses at will to end the war.
Because it was a war launched by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for the Tianma, it was called the "Battle of the Heavenly Horse".
In 139 BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty heard that the Yue clan (zhī) had a feud with the Xiongnu and had been looking for an alliance to destroy the Xiongnu, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian as an envoy to the Western Regions to find Yue's cooperation.
But Zhang Qian was detained by the Xiongnu for more than ten years, and later took advantage of the Xiongnu to relax their vigilance, escaped, ran for dozens of days, and came to Dawan.
The king of Dawan, I heard that the Han Dynasty was very rich, and many items of the Han Dynasty, such as silk, were luxury goods in the Western Regions, and Dawan had always wanted to contact the Han Dynasty, but there was no way.
And Zhang Qian has always kept in mind his mission of uniting the Yue Clan, and facilitated the king of Dawan, saying that if the king helps him reach the Yue Clan, the Han Dynasty will definitely reward him with extremely rich wealth.
The king of Dawan was very moved, so he helped Zhang Qian find the Yue clan smoothly.
The Yueshi had been beaten by the Xiongnu earlier and lost their leader and territory, but later migrated to a more fertile land, and had long lost their determination to take revenge, and Zhang Qian was doomed to disappointment.
However, Zhang Qian still lived in Yueshi for more than a year to understand the customs and customs of various countries in the Western Regions before returning to Chang'an.
After returning to Chang'an, Zhang Qian proposed to pass through the Western Regions and raise the prestige of the sky. Emperor Wu of Han agreed.
It can be said that without Dawan's help, Zhang Qian may experience more suffering, but Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty can be said to be revenge.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took ** and golden horses with sincerity to "buy" horses.
But these Han envoys, the fox and the fake tiger are used to it, and they don't pay attention to politeness, which angers Dawan's courtiers;And the sweaty BMW hidden in Ershi City is an important specialty of Dawan.
Dawan felt that the Han Dynasty would not mobilize the crowd for Tianma and **Xingshi, and send troops to attack him;Even if the troops are really dispatched, the road is far away, and the salt lakes and swamps and deserts along the way are enough for the soldiers to be damaged!
Therefore, Dawan refused to give the horse, and also killed the Han envoy, and he was **.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was very angry, Dawan hid the Tianma, and even dared to kill the Han envoy and swallow **!Dawan's attitude means that the Western Regions have been out of the control of the Han Dynasty and may have thrown themselves into the Xiongnu!
It is true that in the past 20 years, there have been many items "rewarded" by the Han Dynasty, and they are no longer luxuries;
When the Han Dynasty recruited Han envoys, they often did not look at their origins, so many children from poor families responded to the call
Some of these children would hide the materials given to the Western Regions by the imperial court, and then resell them after arriving in the Western Regions, so that the goods of the Han Dynasty began to flood among the people, and the king often did not get enough of them.
Every year, the Han Dynasty will send about 5-10 batches of Han envoys to the Western Regions, these missions, less than 100 people, more than a few hundred people, countries along the Western Regions need to guarantee the materials for the mission, many countries feel that they can not support such consumption.
Before the Han Dynasty did not have access to the Western Regions, the Xiongnu would come to these countries from time to time to collect "protection fees". Now, the Xiongnu and the Han Dynasty are facing each other, and these countries, most of the time, obey the command of the Han Dynasty and no longer provide supplies to the Xiongnu.
But the oppression of the envoys made them begin to have an attitude of riding the wall, and even wanted to take refuge in the Xiongnu.
In 110 B.C., when Zhao Ponu beat Loulan and his aunt, it was caused by the refusal of the countries of the Western Regions to receive the mission.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty suddenly felt that whether BMW wanted to get it or not, but retreated to the second place, and it was really important to take the Western Regions!
In the countries of the Western Regions, it is very difficult to support the eating, drinking, and Lazar of the Han mission, but if you support the Xiongnu, it is the greatest support for the Xiongnu!
The Xiongnu were already short of food, and the countries of the Western Regions were in fertile oases and homestead farming societies, and occasionally, there was still a surplus of grain.
The Xiongnu regarded the oasis in the Western Regions as their granary, and from time to time they went to fetch a little, which was simply not too happy.
Originally, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions to unite with the Yue clan to attack the Xiongnu, but now he finds that the Western Regions have become the granary of the Xiongnu, how can he sit idly by?
Therefore, the Western Regions were quickly opened and the granary of the Xiongnu was cut off.
In the end, after taking Dawan, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent envoys to appease the new king and pacify the countries of the Western Regions.
It can be said that this battle must be fought: it is necessary to deter the Western Regions;And this Silk Road, for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, is of little significance to making money (on the contrary, the middlemen of the people and Central Asia can earn the difference in the price of silk), and the strategic significance is even greater.
As a husband and father, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty is incompetent, but he is undoubtedly excellent in the strategic vision of this war, what do you think?Autumn and Winter Check-in Challenge