On April 29, 1644, Li Zicheng held a grand enthronement ceremony in the Wuying Hall of the Forbidden City, marking the establishment of the Dashun Dynasty. However, this feudal dynasty existed for an extremely short period of time, less than 24 hours. Forty-two days later, Li Zicheng led his troops and horses to evacuate Beijing in a hurry, and the Dashun Dynasty was overthrown. This short and exciting history left the legend of King Chuang, but because of four things, he went to a dead end.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there was social turmoil and the people suffered. Li Zicheng, as the "king of Chuang", led the peasant brothers to pick up hoes and rebel against the rule of the feudal emperor. At that time, the Ming Dynasty** had a high evaluation of him, which was on a par with the Yellow Nest in the Tang Dynasty, showing people's respect for him.
Peasant uprisings often stem from the greed and oppression of the rulers. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the rule was rotten, and the people were burdened with heavy taxes and struggled to make a living. Li Zicheng's prestige grew, and the peasant uprising he led swept through most of China from south to north. Compared with Zhang Xianzhong at that time, Li Zicheng was more popular because he won the hearts of the people.
When the news spread that Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, was about to enter Beijing, an astonishing sight appeared in the city. The Ming Dynasty opened the city gate one after another, and the folk rumors "greeted the king, looked forward to the king, and the king did not pay for the grain". Li Zicheng's army made it clear in the notice that it was not allowed to plunder people's property, showing the image of a civilized and mighty army. This allowed him to successfully occupy Beijing.
After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he quickly ascended the throne and became emperor, changing the name of the country to Dashun. However, the Dashun Dynasty only survived for 42 days, and Li Zicheng did four things during this time, but he laid the groundwork for failure in them.
1.A miscalculation of hasty accession to the throne.
Li Zicheng had a narrow vision and failed to correctly judge the situation at that time. Although the Ming Dynasty was already in jeopardy, his premature proclamation as emperor exposed himself to the attacks of foreign enemies such as the Qing army. This hasty action became the beginning of his failure.
2.A runaway grudge that has created a peerless grudge.
Li Zicheng's subordinate Liu Zongmin offended Wu Sangui, causing Wu Sangui to open the city gate and the Qing army to enter the customs. This internal grievance caused Li Zicheng to lose important support and made him a betrayer of history.
3.Laxity in military discipline.
Before entering Beijing, Li Zicheng's army preached not to rob the common people, but within 42 days, it became an unscrupulous mob. This behavior made him lose his hearts and minds, and also aroused the disgust of the minister.
However, the root cause of the fall of the Dashun Dynasty was Li Zicheng's improper use of talents. His failure to establish a solid base turned the peasant uprising into a wandering campaign. Li Zicheng's think tank Niu Jinxing did not play its due role, but caused a series of grievances at a critical moment. At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the strategy of "building a high wall, accumulating grain, and slowly becoming king" was ignored, and finally the glory of the Dashun Dynasty was only a flash in the pan.
Forty-two days later, the Dashun Dynasty was declared to be over, and Li Zicheng was forced to retreat to Xi'an, the place of his uprising. Although King Chuang rose to prominence, he paid a heavy price for a series of mistakes. This history tells us that while peasant uprisings have strength, improper use of personnel and strategic mistakes can lead to the failure of an uprising.
Summary: The glory of King Chuang, the Dashun Dynasty in just 42 days, left a legend that makes people sigh. However, in this brief period of glory, Li Zicheng's miscalculations, loss of control, and disappointment eventually led to his defeat and the fall of the Dashun dynasty.
The brief and glorious existence of the Dashun Dynasty led by Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, and its eventual defeat constitute a thought-provoking historical picture. This history is not only a microcosm of a peasant uprising, but also an interweaving of power and personal ambition and historical upheaval.
First of all, the rise of Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, stemmed from the social turmoil and decay at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The peasant uprisings he led, like many large-scale uprisings in Chinese history, reflected the hardships of the rulers and the people. The support and respect for Li Zicheng was partly due to the fact that he represented a force against oppression, but also because he won the hearts and minds of the people because the army under his leadership was so civilized and powerful in the process of entering Beijing.
However, it was the various decisions and mistakes made by Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, after his ascension to the throne, that revealed his misjudgment of the situation and his poor governance. Hasty accession to the throne, out-of-control military discipline, miscalculation of internal grievances, and misuse of talent were all key factors in the downfall of the Dashun dynasty. This also shows us that leaders should consider a variety of factors in their decision-making, not covet temporary glory, but should be strategic and build a solid foundation.
Li Zicheng's defeat also reminds us that the peasant uprising, while it had its noble side, also had its inherent limitations. The lack of long-term planning and the lack of a solid base area led to the loss of momentum for his troops after the initial victory. This is similar to the peasant uprisings of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and other in history, and it shows that the peasant uprisings are prone to short-sightedness and internal contradictions to a certain extent.
Looking at this period of history, one conclusion can be drawn: although Li Zicheng's uprising ended in failure, his determination and courage, as well as the expectations of the people, have become part of history. This history also reminds us that the role of leaders on the stage of history cannot be ignored, and that wise decision-making and good use of people will have a profound impact on the development of the country and society.
Overall, the brief glory and eventual demise of Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, is a wonderful chapter in the long river of history, providing us with profound historical lessons. This history teaches us that leaders should be aware of the current situation, be good at weighing the pros and cons, and keep a cool head and act steadily in the process of realizing their ideals, so as to leave a lasting footprint on the big stage of history.
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