Recently, a distressing incident occurred in Linkou County, Heilongjiang Province, where a 32-month-old girl was killedBacteriaInfection admitted while injectedAzithromycinHe died the next day. This incident has attracted widespread attention and heated discussions. Xiaohan's mother, Ms. Ding, responded that the doctor gave Xiaohan an injection without informing her of the risks of medication and without conducting relevant examinationsAzithromycin。In addition, Ms. Ding also pointed out that during the hospitalization, the attending doctor did not make ward rounds as required, and the patient also needed to enter the static room to have a static spot with other patients, which increased the risk of cross-infection. The incident has raised concerns about antimicrobial abuse and resistance.
Azithromycinis a commonly used antimicrobial drug that belongsMacrolides。It is often used clinically for a variety of infections, especially respiratory infections. AzithromycinIt has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and can effectively inhibit a variety of kindsBacteriaof growth. However, it is precisely because of its broad-spectrum nature thatAzithromycinIt is also susceptible to abuse in clinical use.
The abuse of antimicrobial drugs not only increases the cost of patients, but more seriously, it exacerbates the problem of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance refers to:BacteriaDecreased susceptibility to antimicrobials, resulting in diminished or ineffective antimicrobials**. According to reportsMycoplasmaRightAzithromycinThe resistance can be as high as 90 or more, which is partly reflectedAzithromycinabuse.
1. Diagnosis of mycoplasma infection
in diagnosisMycoplasmaWhen infected,CliniciansIt usually depends on the patient's clinical presentation, signs, and chestImagingand etiological serological detection and other comprehensive analysis, and combinedMycoplasmaAntigen and nucleic acid tests for diagnosis. Serologic test pairsMycoplasmaThe diagnostic accuracy of infection is poor, and the incidence of false positives is high, so it cannot be used as a basis for accurate early diagnosis. WhileMycoplasmaAntigen and nucleic acid tests have high sensitivity and accuracy and can be used for early diagnosis. However, the widespread application of these assays is limited in some regions.
2. Diagnosis and medication consideration for patients with mild symptoms
For patients with milder symptoms, a detailed examination is requiredPathogensThere is some controversy in the medical community about screening and whether to consider medication after a complete diagnosis. Some experts believe that for people with mild symptoms,PathogensScreening is not mandatory, and hospitals generally only recommend detailed screening for patients who are severely ill or at a definite risk of severe diseasePathogensScreening. If there is definite inflammation,Upper respiratory tract infectionssymptoms, especially in doctorsHighly skepticalforMycoplasmaIn the case of infection, diagnostic** can be performed even if the diagnosis is not fully confirmed. Some experts advocate that medication should be given after the diagnosis is fully confirmed to reduce the problem of antimicrobial abuse and resistance.
The misuse of antimicrobials is a global problem, which not only increases the economic burden on patients, but also increases the rate of development of drug resistance. In order to effectively prevent the misuse of antimicrobials and reduce the development of drug resistance, a multifaceted approach is needed: through increased public awareness of the problem of antimicrobial misuse and drug resistance, and increased advocacyEducationto improve the public's awareness of scientific drug use and self-protection, and reduce the abuse of antimicrobial drugs. Strengthen the training of doctors on the use of antimicrobial drugs, improve their understanding of the rational use of antimicrobial drugs and drug resistance, and reduce the abuse of antimicrobial drugs.
Strengthen the supervision and management of hospitals and doctors, strictly implement the norms and guidelines for the use of antimicrobial drugs, and avoid the abuse of antimicrobial drugs. In order to address the problem of drug resistance, it is necessary to increase the development and promotion of new antimicrobial drugs to provide more options and alternatives. Establish a rational medication system, through clear diagnosis and accurate judgment, rational selection of antimicrobial drugs, and set appropriate treatment courses and doses to reduce the abuse of antimicrobial drugs.
In conclusion, the abuse of antimicrobials is a serious problem that requires the joint efforts of hospitals, doctors and the public to take a series of measures to strengthen management and supervision to reduce the abuse of antimicrobials to protect the safety of patientsHealth。At the same time, for patients with mild symptoms, comprehensive consideration should be given according to the specific situation, and blind use of antimicrobial drugs should be avoided.