Sesame is a temperature-loving annual herbaceous crop that has certain requirements for the growing environment. The following is a detailed introduction to the environmental requirements and planting techniques of sesame growth:
Soil: Sesame seeds are suitable for growing in slightly acidic to neutral loose soils, preferably with a soil pH of 65～7.between 5. Such a soil can coordinate the supply contradiction between water, fertilizer and air, which is conducive to the extension of the root system.
Temperature: Sesame needs to accumulate temperature of 2500 3000 during the whole growth period, and the most suitable growth temperature is 20 24 degrees Celsius. During development, the right average diurnal temperature can promote its growth.
Precipitation: The suitable rainfall for the whole growth period of sesame seeds is 210 250 mm. The right amount of precipitation is beneficial for the growth and development of sesame seeds.
Sunlight: Sesame seeds need plenty of sunlight throughout their growth period. Sufficient sunlight helps to strengthen photosynthesis, promote the accumulation of nutrients, help the fruit to be full, and contribute to the formation of oil.
Seed selection and sowing: Varieties with good disease resistance, strong lodging resistance, stable yield and high yield should be selected for planting. Before sowing, the seeds need to be sun-dried for 1-2 days to improve the vigor or ripening of the seeds. Spring sowing should be carried out when the ground temperature of 5 cm soil reaches about 18 degrees Celsius;During summer sowing, it is necessary to kill stubble, fertilize and sow moisture in time after the winter wheat is harvested.
Sowing method: Strip sowing or hole sowing can be selected, with a row spacing of about 30 cm and a plant spacing of about 25 cm. Due to the small size of sesame seeds, attention should be paid to avoid being too deep when sowing, and it is generally better to grasp about 3 cm to ensure smooth seedling.
Field management: Sesame seedlings emerge slowly and are prone to seedling shortage, so field management needs to be strengthened. During the growth period, it is necessary to pay attention to keeping the soil moist, timely cultivating and weeding, and reasonable fertilization to meet the needs of sesame growth.
Pest control: If there are aphids and green bugs and other pests and diseases, you can spray 1000-2000 times of 40% hydroamidophos emulsifiable concentrate for control.
Topping and topping: During the most vigorous growth period of sesame seeds, topping is carried out to promote the development of branches and fruits. In addition, after the full fruiting period, when the leaf nodes at the top of the main stem are clustered and almost stop growing, topping can be carried out in the morning on a sunny day to promote the centralized distribution of nutrients.
To sum up, sesame seed growth has certain requirements for the environment, and reasonable planting technology can promote the growth and development of sesame seeds, and improve yield and quality.