Speaking of divine doctors, everyone will definitely think of Hua Tuo, because the title of divine doctor is exclusive to Hua Tuo, if later generations praise someone for his good medical skills or call someone a divine doctor, they can only be described by "Hua Tuo reincarnated", and cannot be directly called a divine doctor, from here we can see the great influence of Hua Tuo. But such a famous doctor who has been passed down through the ages was killed by Cao Cao, and the "Green Capsule Sutra" that he left behind was also burned, which made people sigh, so why was Hua Tuo killed by Cao Cao?
Why is Hua Tuo called a miracle doctor?
Hua Tuo was born in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty was Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, and the name of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty was "Jian'an", so the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty was also called the Jian'an period, and the Jian'an period was a troubled time, and the troubled times produced heroes, so there are many sayings about "Jian'an", and there are "Penglai articles Jian'an bones" and "Jian'an Seven Sons" in literature.
When it comes to medical skills, we have to mention the "Jian'an Three Divine Doctors" at that time, the three Jian'an Divine Doctors are Hua Tuo, Zhang Zhongjing, Dong Feng, at this time, some people will ask, why Zhang Zhongjing, who is also the "Jian'an Three Divine Doctors", is only called the "Medical Saint", and the other one of the "Jian'an Three Divine Doctors", Dong Feng is even more unknown?
Because according to historical records, Hua Tuo's medical skills are very comprehensive, good at surgery, internal medicine, surgery, acupuncture, pediatrics, and ** surgery The earliest clinical practice originated from Hua Tuo, and the anesthetic "Ma Boiling San" used in surgery was also invented by Hua Tuo.
In contrast, Zhang Zhongjing, who is also the "Three Divine Doctors of Jian'an", is best at medical prescriptions, according to legend, Zhang Zhongjing wrote out the medical prescription is not bad, the medicine is to eliminate the disease, and according to many years of medical experience, he compiled the "Treatise on Typhoid Fever and Miscellaneous Diseases", which still has important medical value to this day, so Zhang Zhongjing is called "the saint of medicine".
And Dong Fengneng is known as one of the "Three Divine Doctors of Jian'an" because of his noble character and not seeking fame and fortune. According to legend, Dong Feng never charges money for medical treatment, only needs the patient to plant apricot trees in his back mountain after **, plant an apricot tree after the person with a mild illness is cured, and plant five apricot trees after the person with a serious illness is cured, after a few decades, the apricot trees in Dong Feng's back mountain have reached tens of thousands of acres. This deed was widely spread among the common people and became a good story.
In such a comparison, purely in terms of medical achievements, Hua Tuo's achievements are higher than Zhang Zhongjing's, and Zhang Zhongjing's achievements are higher than Dong Feng's, so it is not surprising that Hua Tuo is called a "divine doctor", Zhang Zhongjing is called a "medical saint", and Dong Feng's influence is small.
How divine Hua Tuo's medical skills are
Hua Tuo, as the head of the "Three Divine Doctors of Jian'an", can be glimpsed in the "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" how divine his medical skills are.
The Book of the Later Han Dynasty records that Hua Tuo is proficient in maintaining his appearance, his body is strong, he invented the "Five Poultry Play", and usually uses the "Five Bird Play" to exercise his body, and when Hua Tuo was 60 years old, he was still like a man in his prime, and people thought that Hua Tuo was an immortal.
In terms of treatment, Zhang Zhongjing is good at prescriptions, and Hua Tuo is also good at it. In acupuncture, Hua Tuo never puts extra needles, generally within a few needles, without extra acupuncture, which all reflects the superb medical skills of Hua Tuo.
About Hua Tuo's surgical technique, it is also recorded in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, according to legend, Hua Tuo encountered a lesion in the body, taking medicine can not be cured quickly, will take the method of surgery, Hua Tuo invented "Ma Boiling San" in order to do surgery, before doing the operation with wine to drink the "Ma Boiling San", after the anesthetic worked, cut the abdomen with a knife, cut off the lesion, and then sutured it well, apply a special plaster, the wound can be healed within a week, and the patient can recover within a month.
The case of Hua Tuo's treatment recorded in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty is even more miraculous. Legend has it that there was a county guard who was sick, and he couldn't be cured by asking doctors everywhere, so he spent a lot of money to invite Hua Tuo to see a doctor, and Hua Tuo felt that it would be good to let the county guard get angry after reading it, so Hua Tuo asked the county guard for a lot of money, and then dragged on for several days without curing the disease, and finally wrote a letter insulting the county guard at the urging of the county guard, and after leaving the letter, Hua Tuo himself fled. When the county guard saw this letter, he was furious, and found someone to hunt down Hua Tuo, and after the person who was chasing and killed, the county guard did not lose his anger, but the more he thought about it, the more angry he became, and after the blood went up, the county guard suddenly wanted to vomit, and spit out several liters of black blood clots, and the disease was cured in an instant.
There is another person who has been sick for many years and has sought countless medical treatments, but the illness has not improved, but has become more and more serious. Later, Hua Tuo was introduced to Hua Tuo, and after being diagnosed, Hua Tuo told the patient, I can give you surgery to cure your disease, but you have been suffering from this disease for too long, and it has seriously affected your lifespan, and even if the disease is cured, you will not live for ten years. The patient told Hua Tuo that the disease had tormented him for many years, and that he would have to be treated even if he could not survive after the operation. After hearing this, Hua Tuo operated on the patient, and after the operation, the patient was indeed cured and lived to the tenth year after the operation, just after his death.
At that time, the Taishou of Guangling County was named Chen Deng, and he had a strange disease, and his stomach was very swollen when he didn't eat, and his face was blue. Hua Tuo diagnosed that Chen Deng had parasites in his stomach, and there were quite a few of them, so Hua Tuo configured a decoction for Chen Deng to drink, and Chen Deng vomited out more than a dozen red worms after drinking the decoction. Hua Tuo said**, because Chen Deng likes to eat sashimi, and there are a lot of parasites in sashimi, so it caused this disease, and told Chen Deng that this time the treatment was not thorough, and there were some parasites that did not spit out, and this disease would be ** after two or three years, so that Chen Deng would look for him again after two or two years. Sure enough, three years later, Chen Deng fell ill and sent someone to invite Hua Tuo, but he learned that Hua Tuo had been killed by Cao Cao, and because he could not find a doctor to treat the disease, Chen Deng died after a few months.
Why did Hua Tuo meet Cao Cao
It is written in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty that after Hua Tuo's medical skills became famous, the local ** recommended him to be an official, but he directly refused. This shows that Hua Tuo is relatively indifferent to fame and fortune. So the question is, Cao Cao, as a hero at that time, can only provide Hua Tuo with money and power, since Hua Tuo is indifferent to fame and fortune, he will definitely not go to Cao Cao for being an official and money, so why did Hua Tuo have something to do with a generation of heroes Cao Cao?
It turned out that Cao Cao had always had a headache, and he would have attacks every few days, and the pain was unbearable every time, so Cao Cao often took a few doctors with him, and asked the doctor to be on the spot when he had a headache, but the effect was not good. After hearing that Hua Tuo's medical skills were excellent, he sent someone to ask Hua Tuo to treat him, Cao Cao's request, as a doctor, of course, Hua Tuo could not refuse, so he went to see Cao Cao.
After diagnosis, Hua Tuo found that Cao Cao's headache was a chronic disease, which could only be relieved every time, but could not, so Hua Tuo was helpless against this disease. Hua Tuo told Cao Cao the results of the diagnosis, saying that he could not cure it, and hoped that Cao Cao would hire another wise doctor.
Everyone knows that Cao Cao is very suspicious, Hua Tuo's explanation Cao Cao does not believe it, Cao Cao feels that Hua Tuo's medical skills are very clever, and there is no disease that Hua Tuo can't cure at all, it is possible that Hua Tuo just doesn't want to treat himself, and he is afraid that after showing his brilliant medical skills, Cao Cao will not let him go, so Cao Cao is also very dissatisfied with Hua Tuo.
And Cao Cao's thought at that time was that he was old and his health was not too good, even if Hua Tuo couldn't cure the headache, he could cure other diseases, so it was better to keep Hua Tuo by his side and add a layer of insurance for himself. Under such thoughts, Cao Cao gave Hua Tuo some money and ordered Hua Tuo to stay by his side in the future, which also laid the groundwork for Hua Tuo's death.
The reason why Cao Cao wanted to kill Hua Tuo
Regarding the reason why Hua Tuo was killed by Cao Cao, you can guess one or two based on historical data and the personalities of the two, and the evaluation of Hua Tuo in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty is: "Evil for human nature, rare and unexpected, and shameful to take medicine as a profession."
As a generation of famous doctors, it is understandable that Hua Tuo is arrogant, but this must not be the reason for him to treat Cao Cao, Cao Cao, as a hero at that time, will never allow his subordinates to disobey him.
Cao Cao's famous strategist Yang Xiu usually won a lot of credit for Cao Cao's advice, but because he was too high-profile, he attracted Cao Cao's jealousy and suspicion, which led to his death. And Hua Tuo's own medical skills are superb, and he lives by Cao Cao's side, such a person who is indifferent to fame and fortune and talent, it is absolutely impossible to flatter Cao Cao, and he usually does not keep his voice down when diagnosing, which will definitely make Cao Cao unhappy, which provides a motive for Cao Cao's murderous intentions.
It is rare to understand, it shows that Hua Tuo himself is dissatisfied with the status quo, since there was a ** recommended Hua Tuo as an official before, Hua Tuo did not go, and now let Hua Tuo stay under Cao Cao, Hua Tuo must be extremely unwilling. Hua Tuo intentionally or unintentionally revealed his dissatisfaction with the status quo, which led to Cao Cao's suspicion of him. Cao Cao hoped that his subordinates would work diligently for him, while Hua Tuo was not satisfied with the current situation, which was another irreconcilable contradiction.
The shame of taking medicine as a profession shows that Hua Tuo never considered himself a professional doctor. This point is easy to understand in the context of ancient times, the ancient value is "everything is inferior, only reading is high", so everyone does not think that doctors are noble, what a sacred profession, and it is understandable that Hua Tuo does not call himself a doctor.
And Hua Tuo has been traveling around when he was young, like an idle life, and in ancient times, due to the relatively low level of medical care, biotechnology has almost not developed, it is impossible to get rid of the disease with medicine, so it generally takes many courses of treatment to treat the disease, so the ancient doctor profession needs to stay in one place to sit in the consultation, the profession of the doctor is obviously not in line with Hua Tuo's style of life, Hua Tuo is not difficult to understand in order to be idle and free, and it is not difficult to understand that Hua Tuo is ashamed to take medicine as a profession.
But Cao Cao didn't think so, Cao Cao only heard that Hua Tuo had superb medical skills before he met Hua Tuo, and he didn't think that Hua Tuo would have so many problems when he came to his house, judging from Cao Cao's suspicious character, Hua Tuo did all this because of his disgust with himself, Cao Cao thought that with Hua Tuo's disgust with himself, maybe after letting Hua Tuo go, he would go to treat his political enemies, at this time Cao Cao absolutely did not allow it, so Cao Cao could not let Hua Tuo go, at this time Hua Tuo's fate was basically doomed, and Hua Tuo could not leave Cao Cao's territory alive。
Hua Tuo's death
Cao Cao was very old at the time, and the headache was even worse, so he asked Hua Tuo to diagnose himself, because Cao Cao was equivalent to house arrest for Hua Tuo, so Hua Tuo was not willing to see Cao Cao at all, after a friend's intercession several times, Hua Tuo saw a doctor for Cao Cao, Hua Tuo thought that Cao Cao's head had a lesion after diagnosis, and he needed to have a craniotomy, Cao Cao was worried that the risk was too high, and on the other hand, he was worried that Hua Tuo wanted to kill him, so he refused the suggestion of surgery and continued to put Hua Tuo under house arrest.
After Hua Tuo proposed to leave several times and Cao Cao refused, Hua Tuo made a wrong decision, Hua Tuo asked someone to visit his wife for him, and after the person who visited his wife came back, he lied to Cao Cao that his wife was sick and needed to go back to treat his wife, Cao Cao heard about this matter, and could not refuse this request, so he agreed to Hua Tuo's request, just told Hua Tuo that he would come back early after seeing his wife.
After Hua Tuo returned home, he lived for a few months, and Cao Cao's headache worsened, so he sent a messenger to urge Hua Tuo to come back, and Hua Tuo told the messenger that his wife's illness had not been cured and could not come. Cao Cao asked the local county magistrate to invite Hua Tuo, but Hua Tuo still did not go, and said that it was impossible to go to Cao Cao's mansion until his wife was well.
Cao Cao guessed that Hua Tuo might be lying, so he quietly sent someone to inquire about Hua Tuo's wife, and found that Hua Tuo's wife was safe and sound, proving that Hua Tuo was lying to him. This is a big taboo for Cao Cao, Cao Cao can't stand being deceived the most in his life, so he directly sent troops to arrest Hua Tuo, put him on death row, and beheaded him at a later date.
Cao Cao's strategist Xun Yu admired Hua Tuo's medical skills, and interceded for Hua Tuo with compassion, Xun Yu said that Hua Tuo's crime would not lead to death, so it was better to keep Hua Tuo, and in the future, the family could still see him when they were sick, and it was better to keep it than to kill him. But Cao Cao was murderous at this time, thinking that it was impossible for a person like Hua Tuo to treat his family wholeheartedly, in case Hua Tuo was used by others, and he was also a threat to himself, so he rejected Xun Yu's suggestion.
When Hua Tuo was caught in prison, he knew that he was going to die, and it didn't matter if he died, but unfortunately he had medical skills, he asked for a pen and paper in prison, and wrote down the "Green Capsule Sutra" that he had learned all his life, and after writing it, he was going to send the "Green Capsule Sutra" to the jailer.
But the jailer knew that Hua Tuo was Cao Cao's key prisoner, and he had also heard of Cao Cao's character. Hua Tuo was both angry and disappointed, and threw the "Green Capsule Sutra" into the fire, and a few days later, Hua Tuo was beheaded, and his medical skills disappeared with Hua Tuo's departure.
Conclusion
Hua Tuo is not subject to officials, is not subject to Lu, is arrogant, free and idle, this kind of character is doomed to be killed after meeting Cao Cao, who is suspicious and grudgeful. If you don't know how to be flexible, then no matter how high your medical skills are, you can't heal yourself. In fact, when the Book of the Later Han Dynasty drew conclusions to Hua Tuo, it had already hinted that Hua Tuo's death was not unjust.
The Book of the Later Han Dynasty commented on Hua Tuo: "It is rare to be evil for human nature, and it is shameful to take medicine as a profession." If Hua Tuo can look directly at his shortcomings and correct his shortcomings, maybe his achievements can be higher. But Hua Tuo did not change his temper, regarded himself as high, and did not do his duty as a doctor, but deceived Cao Cao, and it was a pity that he was killed by Cao Cao.