Reading "The New Tang Dynasty Book: The Biography of Wu Yuanheng", we can't help but hear Du Fu's famous sentence for the ages: "Die before leaving the school, and the hero will be full of tears." ”
"The Old Tang Book: The Biography of Wu Yuanheng" commented: Wu Yuanheng "Lang pulls out the tailor, is the time Yuyi, is too jealous, suffers misfortune, and slashes blood, which is really sad!.""He not only praised his brilliant understanding, was good at governing the world, and was a model of the times, but also blamed him for hating it too much, which led to his misfortune.
However, this assessment is unfair. If Wu Yuanheng is like the famous "ambiguous prime minister" Su Wei, he is sophisticated and sleek, and he is noncommittal about everything, how can he be "Shi Yuyi" at both ends of the first mouse?If there is no Wu Yuanheng's uprightness, evil as hatred, and a clear banner of force to weaken the feudal town, how can he achieve his immortal cause and his auxiliary merits?
Wu Yuanheng (758 815), the name Bocang, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, the champion of the Tang Dezong Dynasty, the prime minister of the Xianzong Dynasty, a native of Luozhou Wushi (now southeast of Yanshi, Henan), was born in a famous family, and was the great-nephew of Wu Zetian. He successively served as the commander of Huayuan County, the member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Right Shilang, the Imperial History Zhongcheng, the Jiannan Xichuan Festival Envoy, and the Prime Minister. Wu Yuanheng's poems were famous in the Tang Dynasty, and he was an honest and honest official, and he advocated unswervingly suppressing the feudal towns by force, and went down in history as a magnanimous and elegant iron-blooded prime minister. 1. The champion poet, Dezong admired that "he is the real prime minister" Wu Yuanheng is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty on the same level as Bai Juyi.
The champion poet, Dezong admired "it is a real prime minister".
Wu Yuanheng is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty who is as famous as Bai Juyi. According to the "Old Tang Book", Wu Yuanheng was talented, well-read, talented, and good at poetry and writing, especially in writing poetry, and was the most famous for his five-character poems. Wei Tai, a Song man, commented in "Poetry of Linhan Seclusion": "Wu Yuan Henglu's poems are better than the ancients, and the five-character sentences are better than the seven-character sentences." Wu Yuanheng wrote a lot of poems in his life, "All Tang Poems" includes two volumes of his poems, 191 poems, "Twenty-six Tang Poems", "Tang Fifty Poems", "Tang Hundred Poems", etc., all include his poems. As soon as his poems came out, people were often copied by the people, and many of the poems were accompanied by music and widely sung.
In the fourth year of Jianzhong (783), Wu Yuanheng participated in the imperial examination, and was named in the gold list in one fell swoop, and was the champion and first, and later served as the county commander of Huayuan. According to the "New Tang Dynasty Book: The Biography of Wu Yuanheng", Tang Dezong Li Shi admired Wu Yuanheng's talent and character very much, and was promoted three times in one year. "Dezong admired his talents, summoned the members of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and moved to the right Shilang in three years to reorganize his position. He was promoted to the middle of the imperial history. Taste the right Yanying, the emperor sent it, and said: "It's the real prime minister!."’”
Irikawa is in charge, and his face is pleasant and "bathed in wine".
During the Middle Tang Dynasty, the government was corrupt, the eunuchs interfered in politics without authority, the division of feudal towns intensified, the people's livelihood withered, and the centralization of power in the Tang Dynasty faced severe challenges, and the country's power was declining. In the first month of the first year of Yongzhen (805), Dezong died, and the crown prince Li Yu succeeded to the throne for Tang Shunzong. In August of the same year, Shunzong Li Yu was forced to give way to the crown prince Li Chun, who was Tang Xianzong, known as "Yongzhen Neizen" in history. Tang Xianzong knew that Wu Yuanheng was honest and upright, had both ability and political integrity, and trusted him, and appointed Wu Yuanheng as the prime minister in the first month of the second year of Yuanhe (807).
Wu Yuanheng led the main attack on weakening the feudal towns and strengthening the centralization of power. Someone wrote to Xianzong, saying that Zhenhai Jiedu had made Li Qi plot to rebel, and advised Xianzong to recall Li Qi as soon as possible to avoid accidents. It happened that Li Qi asked for an audience at this time, and Xianzong sent an envoy to summon Li Qi. However, Li Qi reversed his word, saying that he was ill and asked for a postponement, and Xianzong sent envoys three times in a row, but Li Qi politely refused on the grounds of illness.
Xianzong consulted the ministers, and Prime Minister Zheng Qi advocated that it was advisable to "quietly observe and slow down the plan" and not to press Li Qi too hard, so as not to jump over the wall in a hurry and cause trouble. Wu Yuanheng resolutely opposed Zheng Qi's opinion, and Shangjuan Xianzong said: "No, Qi invited himself to enter the court, and the edict has allowed it, but it cannot be restored, whether it is possible to be in Qi." Your Majesty is newly enthroned, and the eyes and ears of the heavens are the eyes and ears of the heavens, and if the traitorous ministers get their own selfishness, they will be ordered to go. ”
Xianzong thought so. Adopting Wu Yuanheng's opinion, he sent an envoy again to urge Li Qi to enter the court, but Li Qi knew that he could not contain the fire in the paper, so he openly raised the flag in October of the second year of Yuanhe (807) and rebelled. Soon, the rebels were exterminated, and Li Qi was captured alive and beheaded. Prior to this, the imperial court sent the famous general Gao Chongwen to quell the rebellion of Liu Bi, the deputy envoy of the Xichuan Jiedu, and appointed Gao Chongwen as the inspector of the school Sikong and the envoy of the Jiannan Xichuan Jiedu. However, this Gao Chongwen is an expert in leading troops to fight, but he doesn't know anything about handling state and county affairs. The rebellion in Shu has just been quelled, the people are full of complaints, the social order is in chaos, and a wise and experienced master of governance is urgently needed to replace Gao Chongwen.
Who should be assigned to do this?Tang Xianzong watched the civil and military affairs of the Manchu Dynasty, and finally set his eyes on Wu Yuanheng. Therefore, Bai Wu Yuanheng was the secretary of the school department, and he was also the servant and the Pingzhang officer, and served as the envoy of the Jiannan Xichuan Festival. When he was about to leave, Xianzong personally came to Anfumen to express his condolences and see him off. Wu Yuanheng made remarkable achievements in governing Shu. However, people on the streets and alleys are not talking about his great political achievements, but about his pot-bellied tolerance and gentleness.
Wu Yuanheng came to Xichuan to govern with the title of prime minister, and the local officials held a banquet for him to wash the dust. During the banquet, the lights were bright and green, Mei Ji sang songs, the guests and hosts frequently raised their glasses, and the atmosphere was very warm. Wu Yuanheng was very interested, and politely greeted the crowd who came to toast. In the middle of the staggering, Xichuan engaged Yang Si to toast Wu Yuanheng. Yang Si was already drunk, and he staggered to Wu Yuanheng with a wine glass: "This big cup, you, you, give me a drink!."Wu Yuanheng looked at the drunken Yang Si, and then at the large glass full of wine, smiled helplessly, and apologized to Yang Si frequently. Unexpectedly, this Yang Si was full of wine, and suddenly poured the wine on Wu Yuanheng, and then grabbed the wine glass on the table and threw it at Wu Yuanheng, shouting with a mouthful of wine while splashing: "Today I will give you a happy wine bath ......."The audience was shocked. Everyone held their breath and waited for Wu Yuanheng to attack. No one expected that Wu Yuanheng would not move, and after letting Yang Si finish pouring the wine, he slowly stood up with a smile and changed into a set of clean clothes, and sat back at the wine table with a pleasant face, pushing the glass and changing the cup with everyone, and drinking heartily. This kind of elegance is admirable.
The iron-blooded prime minister, who was robbed and killed by the forceful cutting of the domain
In the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), Tang Xianzong summoned Wu Yuanheng to return to the dynasty and continued to serve as prime minister. At that time, Huaixi Town colluded with the towns of Hebei, echoed each other from afar, resisted the imperial court, and became a major trouble for the imperial court. Tang Xianzong had a headache for this. In the ninth year of Yuanhe (814), Huaixi Jiedu made Wu Shaoyang die, and his son Wu Yuanji hid and did not mourn, forged Wu Shaoyang's performance, please take Wu Yuanji as the ** Huaixi Jiedu envoy, and the court did not allow it. Wu Yuanji raised troops to rebel.
On the question of how to deal with the rising feudal towns, there have always been two camps in the DPRK and China: the main battle faction and the main peace faction. Wu Yuanheng is a staunch pro-war faction, and he is the core figure of the pro-war faction, advocating that it must be unswervingly suppressed by force at any cost. Therefore, Tang Xianzong appointed Wu Yuanheng with full authority to coordinate the suppression of the Huaixi rebels.
The reason why Wu Yuanji dared to openly raise the banner to rebel was to a large extent due to the instigation and support of other feudal towns, and Wang Chengzong, the envoy of the Chengde Army, and Li Shidao, the envoy of the Pinglu Ziqing Festival, secretly colluded with Wu Yuanji. Wang Chengzong asked for a pardon for Wu Yuanji, but was severely reprimanded by Wu Yuanheng. On the one hand, he sent troops to burn grain in Heyin (now northeast of Xingyang, Henan) disguised as thieves, in an attempt to sabotage the Tang army's military suppliesOn the other hand, he sent assassins to infiltrate the capital and wait for an opportunity to assassinate Wu Yuanheng.
In the early morning of June 3, the tenth year of Yuanhe (815), the night leak is not over, the sky is slightly bright, the darkness before dawn still covers the earth, and scattered carriages and horses and pedestrians began to appear on the streets, Wu Yuanheng went to the Daming Palace as usual. Wu Yuanheng had just walked out of the east gate of Jing'an Fang, surrounded by guards, when he heard someone in the bushes beside the road shouting, "Extinguish the candle!"The knight of the Guards immediately became alert and shouted, "Who?"What do you want to do!Before the words fell, a cold arrow flew out of the darkness and hit Wu Yuanheng's shoulder. It turned out that the feudal town could not force Wu Yuanheng to submit, so he took a risk, killed the killer, and sent assassins to ambush Wu Yuanheng's only way to the court, disperse the guards, cut off Wu Yuanheng's head and roared away. Pity the iron-blooded prime minister who has made outstanding political achievements and is elegant and upright in his life, so he shed his last drop of blood to stick to his political beliefs and persistent pursuit.