We arrived on the outskirts of Pisa yesterday by bus from the intoxicating Emerald (Florence) in the evening, and the beautiful sunset on the horizon of Pisa still smells of Emerald in the evening.
When I woke up this morning, I found that the morning of pizza still had the taste of a verangus morning......
In a few moments, the Tuscan sun peeked out from the edge of the meadow, and the early morning wilderness outside Pisa was sunny and swaying, making people feel refreshed and relaxed.
After breakfast, we walked past the manicured Christmas tree, covered with walnut-like fruit (I don't know what its scientific name is) and walked towards the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
Downtown Pisa Street View – Uh, how do I think it looks more like a small town?
City of Pisa. Pisa is a famous city in central Italy, located in the Arno River Delta, a city in the Tuscany region.
Founded in the 1st century BC as an important city for the Etrulians, it was occupied by the Romans in the 2nd century BC.
In the Middle Ages, Pisa became an important maritime republic in central Italy. It used to have a strong navy, but in 1248, after being defeated by Genoa, it began to decline, and in 1406, Pisa took refuge in Florence.
For most of the Middle Ages, Pisa's powerful navy allowed it to run rampant in the western Mediterranean. In the first exchanges with Spain and North Africa, a large amount of commercial wealth was accumulated, and the foundation for a scientific and cultural revolution was laid. The aftermath of this revolution can still be seen in the majestic architecture of Pisa – especially in the cathedral, baptistery, cemetery, and leaning tower.
The roman pine can be seen everywhere on the streets, and the guide said: "The roman pine is not born like this, the Romans deliberately pruned it like this." The Roma pine grows slowly, and the Roma pine you can see in front of you is much older than our age!”
It didn't take long to see a city wall, the foot of which was full of souvenir stalls and coffee shops, and a short walk along the foot of the city wall to the entrance of the city wall.
From a distance, it looks like a mischievous child hiding behind an adult, tilting its head curiously to look out.
Upon entering the gate, a wide road and a green area on the left and a group of religious buildings are the Plaza de la Miracoli.
Piazza dei Miracoli, also known as Piazza de Miracoli, is a walled area in the center of Pisa, Tuscany, Italy, the center of the city of Pisa, partly meadow, one of the centers of medieval art.
The square is surrounded by ancient walls and gates.
The Plaza de l'Miracle gets its name from the description in the Italian writer and poet Gabriel D'Annunzio's "Forse Che Si Forse Che No" (1910).
l’ardea roteò nel cielo di cristo, sul prato dei miracoli.("The heron spins the sky of **, spins the meadow of miracles.") ”）
A group of religious buildings on the lawn of the Plaza de la Miracolia, namely the Baptistery of St. Novan, the Basilica of Santa Maria, the Bell Tower (i.e. the Leaning Tower of Pisa) and the Baptistery Cemetery, are all made of creamy marble, each of which is relatively independent but forms a unified Romanesque architectural style, and was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987.
The dome and entrance carvings of the Baptistery cemetery are also very beautiful, but the cathedral's three-piece set is so famous that it is easy to overlook.
In this group of buildings, the baptistery is located in front of the main church, on the same central axis as the church, and the bell tower is in the southeast corner of the church.
Pisa Cathedral.
Pisa Cathedral is the crowning masterpiece of Roman Pisan art, which took 50 years to build from 1063 - in order to commemorate the patron saint of the city of Pisa, the Virgin Mary, the Pisa people built this Pisa Cathedral in the so-called Romanesque - Pisa style (Duomo- the Cathedral), which is a typical representative of Italian Romanesque church architecture. Bonanno Pisano presided over the design.
The main façade of the cathedral is about 32 meters high, and at the entrance to the ground floor there are three large bronze doors with various statues depicting the life of the Virgin and Jesus.
Above the gate is a four-tiered colonnade, with elaborate arches with slender columns, stacked in rectangles, trapezoids, and triangles that cover the entire façade of the gate.
The back of the cathedral and the dome are also in classic Romanesque style.
The exterior walls of the church are made of red and white marble, and the colors are solemn and harmonious.
The basilica is rectangular in the shape of a Latin cross, 95 meters long, and is covered by an oval vault where the deep nave meets the wide transept.
The interior of the church is decorated with white and black motifs, a spectacular and bright display of oriental culture, reminiscent of Pisa's history as a seaport.
The pulpit built by Pisano, supported by 6 pillars and 5 pillars decorated with carvings, is a sculpture of faith, hope and love.
A bronze lamp hanging from the ceiling of the pulpit is the same chandelier that Galileo discovered the principle of "pendulum isochronism".
The door built by Pisano is said to be a masterpiece of Italian Romanesque sculpture.
The Cathedral of Pisa is an outstanding example of medieval architecture and had a profound influence on Italian architecture in the 11th-14th centuries.
About 60 meters in front of the church, the rotunda is the Baptistery (Baptistery), which was built in 1153.
The Baptistery is a circular building built in marble in the Romanesque architectural style, but some later works were also made in the Gothic style. The diameter of the circular baptistery is 39 meters, the total height is 54 meters, and the dome stands 3A 3-metre-high bronze statue of John the Baptist.
The marble exterior wall of the Baptistery is richly decorated, and a circle of delicate pointed arches surrounds the red ** large dome, and is set off by the surrounding green space, which is beautiful.
The Baptistery houses the sculpture "Nativity" by the sculptor Nicolas Pisano, the theme of which is the scene of the birth of Jesus. The Virgin Mary is reclined on her side, and the flock below is a metaphor for the people whom Jesus redeemed.
Pisa. The Leaning Tower is a free-standing bell tower of the cathedral, located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, and its construction began in August 1173 under the auspices of the architect Nano Pisano, originally designed as a vertical bell tower about 60 meters high.
However, soon after the start of the work (1178), the tower was tilted due to uneven foundation and soft soil, and was completed in 1372, with the tower tilting to the southeast. The project took about 200 years to complete, after two long hiatus.
Although it is only a bell tower of the Cathedral of Pisa, it is more famous than the church itself, and most visitors come to it for it - it is famous for its special shape and historical relationship with Galileo, and over the years, the tower has been leaning and not falling, and is recognized as a wonder in the history of world architecture.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is decorated in the classic style of the Cathedral and the Baptistery, with walls of marble or limestone in two shades of white.
The first floor is a solid wall, decorated with pilasters, arches with half-exposed square columns, carved gates in arcades, and a long diamond-shaped lattice with a flat roof.
The pilasters of the second to seventh floors are on the outside, decorated with continuous coupons.
The top layer ends adduction.
The reason for the tilt of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is due to the peculiarities of the soil layer under its foundation - under the Leaning Tower of Pisa there are several layers of soil of different materials, the sediment of various soft silt and very soft clay are formed alternately, and at a depth of about one meter is the aquifer. This conclusion was reached after the observation of the composition of the soil layer of the foundation. Recent excavations have shown that the bell tower was built on the edge of the coast in ancient times, so the soil was sandy and sunken at the time of its construction.
Each stone brick of the Leaning Tower of Pisa is a stone carving, and the bonding between the stone bricks and the stone bricks is ingenious, which effectively prevents the fracture caused by the tilting of the tower body, and becomes a factor that the Leaning Tower is inclined but not falling.
Follow the stairs in a circle and go up, and you have to climb 294 steps to reach the top.
Looking at the city of Pisa from the top of the tower, under the pure blue sky, a bright red tiled roof is very bright and magnificent.
In order to confirm that it is really oblique, look for various references and shoot it from various angles.
Circling around it, it feels like the whole world is slanted. Hahaha!
There are many Leaning Towers in Italy, but none are as famous as the Leaning Tower of Pisa because it is not only tall and magnificent, but also has distinctive features:
One, it's made of white marble throughout. Second, it is round, a round tower unique in Italy. Third, Galileo Galilei conducted a free fall experiment on the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, and in the end, "two small balls landed at the same time", overturning Aristotle's theory that "the speed of falling of an object is proportional to its weight", and correcting this erroneous theory that lasted for 1900 years.
It's still the building my 10-year-old wants to see the most, because, "The teacher said that Galileo had done a great experiment here!".”
The popular science knowledge and part of this article are from the encyclopedia.