CCTV Beijing, December 13 (Reporter Guo Yanwei) According to the WeChat news of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, in order to guide the public to respond to the cold wave scientifically, enhance self-protection awareness, and reduce the health damage that may be caused by the cold wave weather, the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention organized experts from the Environmental Research Institute of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and other units to formulate the "Guidelines for Public Health Protection of Cold Waves" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines") according to the characteristics of the cold wave on the basis of scientific research and risk assessment ), and put forward protection suggestions for different key groups of people to protect public health to the greatest extent.
It is reported that the "Guide" consists of five parts: the basic concept of cold wave, health risks, key protection groups, cold wave meteorological warning information, and cold wave early warning and graded protective measures. The two parts of basic concepts and health risks focus on the definition of cold wave and its impact on human respiratory, cardiovascular, urinary and other multi-system health. The key protection groups point out the key groups that need to be paid attention to during the cold wave, including sensitive groups, people with chronic underlying diseases, and outdoor workers. Cold wave meteorological early warning information guides the public to scientifically understand cold wave forecast and early warning information. The guidelines for graded protective measures for cold wave early warning put forward targeted protective measures for key groups. Details are as follows:
Guidelines for Public Health Protection during Cold Waves
1. The basic concept of cold waves.
A cold wave is a weather event in which cold air at high latitudes invades the middle and low latitudes on a large scale and causes severe cooling (according to the standard of GB T 20484-2017, a cold wave refers to a daily minimum temperature with a cooling range greater than or equal to 8 within 24 hours, or a cooling range greater than or equal to 10 within 48 hours, or a cooling range greater than or equal to 12 within 72 hours, and the daily minimum temperature drops to 4 or below, and the daily minimum temperature decreases continuously within 48 hours and 72 hours).
2. Health risks of cold waves.
A drop in temperature can cause the body's blood vessels to constrict and increase the respiratory rate. During the cold wave, cold weather is easy to cause superficial damage and form chilblains, aggravating the pain of patients with arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is easy to induce airway spasm and abnormal immune function of the respiratory system, causing acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute attack of bronchial asthma, acute respiratory infection and other respiratory diseases. It is easy to cause cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as angina, myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, acute heart failure, transient cerebral insufficiency, stroke, etc. At the same time, it may also aggravate urological and endocrine diseases, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes, etc.
3. Key protection groups.
There are three main categories of people: the first category is sensitive groups, such as infants, children, pregnant women, the elderly, etc.;The second category is people with chronic underlying diseases, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, etc.;The third category is outdoor workers, such as traffic police, sanitation workers, construction workers, couriers, food delivery workers, etc.
Fourth, cold wave meteorological warning information.
According to the "Cold Wave Warning Signal and Defense Guide", there are four levels of cold wave warning signals.
5. Guidelines for graded protective measures.
In view of the level of cold wave warning signals, we put forward suggestions for graded population protection measures.
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