1. National intangible cultural heritage of Liaobuxiang City.
Definition and Background: Liaobu Xiang City is a traditional folk activity that originated in the Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming Dynasty, and declined in the late Qing Dynasty. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Guanxiang was distributed in Liaobu Xiang City as a precious cargo, and was exported to Southeast Asia, West Asia and other parts of the world through Guangzhou and Hong Kong. Because it was exported overseas together with tea, ceramics and other goods, it became one of the important commodities exported during the same period.
Category and form: Liaobu Xiang Market is a traditional market activity with guanxiang as the core commodity. Guanxiang is a special spice, and the incense trees grown in Guangdong have undergone a specific production process to make Guanxiang products with a unique fragrance. Liaobu Xiang City is the trading and circulation center of Guanxiang incense, attracting many merchants and tourists.
Protection and inheritance: In December 2014, Liaobuxiang City, which was declared by Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, was approved to be included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. This recognition provides a legal basis and policy support for the protection and inheritance of Liaobu Xiang City. Local ** and community organizations are committed to inheriting and promoting the traditional activities of Liaobu Xiang, and making it more accessible and participatory, through holding markets, exhibitions and performances.
Cultural Diversity and Cross-Border Exchange: The prosperity and development of Liaobu Xiang City has enabled Guanxiang to exchange and interact with the cultures of other countries and regions. As a special spice, Guanxiang enjoys a high reputation in Southeast Asia, West Asia and other places, and has become a link for cross-border exchanges. The existence of Liaobuxiang City promotes mutual understanding and exchange between different cultures, enriching cultural diversity.
2. National intangible cultural heritage of Muyu Song intangible cultural heritage.
Definition and Background: Muyu Song, also known as Touching Fish Song, is one of the traditional rap arts in Guangdong Province and belongs to the bullet word system. It originated in the late Ming Dynasty and gradually flourished after the Qing Dynasty, and was popular in the Pearl River Delta, Xijiang River and South Road areas of Guangdong Province.
Category and Form: Wooden fish song is a type of rap art that is usually sung by a singer accompanied by the percussion of a wooden fish. In the early days, Muyu songs did not have fixed lyrics, they were all sung along with the arrangement, and only later did they begin to record the lyrics and copy them. These lyrics can be passed down by word of mouth or printed in a book, known as the Book of Muyu.
Protection and inheritance: On May 23, 2011, the Muyu Song declared by Dongguan City, Guangdong Province was approved to be included in the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage list. This recognition provides legal guarantee and policy support for the protection and inheritance of Muyu song. Institutions and bearers are committed to passing on the performance skills and lyrics of Muyu Song, and ensuring the continuation of its traditional art form through performances, training and research.
Cultural Diversity and Cross-border Exchange: As a traditional rap art form in Guangdong, Muyu Song has certain regional characteristics and cultural background. It is popular in the Pearl River Delta, Xijiang and Nanlu areas of Guangdong Province, and is closely linked to local lifestyles, values and social Xi. The existence of Muyu Song has promoted cultural exchanges between Guangdong and other regions, enriched cultural diversity, and made Guangdong's best art more widely disseminated and recognized.
3. National intangible cultural heritage of traditional incense making skills.
Definition and Background: Traditional incense making techniques refer to the specific spice making process in Guangdong, which originated in the Song and Yuan dynasties. Fragrant trees are planted in a wide range of areas in Guangdong, and there are many spice producing areas, but since Guanxiang became a well-known spice, spices in other places have gradually declined. The traditional art of making incense is to make incense wood into incense products through a specific collection and processing process.
Category and form: The production process of guanxiang involves planting the incense tree to an appropriate age, cutting off the body of the tree, leaving only the roots, and letting it extract the side branches for two or three years before digging for incense. The collection of guanxiang is to chisel down the wooden blocks containing sesame oil, and then shovel away the wood without sesame oil, and the oily part left is guanxiang. According to the different textures, Guan incense can be divided into white wood incense, sickle incense, tooth incense and agarwood.
Protection and inheritance: In November 2014, the traditional incense-making skills declared by Dongguan City, Guangdong Province were approved to be included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects. This recognition provides legal guarantee and policy support for the protection and inheritance of traditional incense-making skills. Local authorities and bearers are committed to passing on the traditional craftsmanship and knowledge of incense making skills through training, Xi and research to ensure their transmission and development.
Cultural diversity and cross-border exchanges: The existence and development of traditional incense making techniques have made Guangdong's guanxiang a spice with unique characteristics, attracting the attention and exchanges of other countries and regions. As a precious spice, Guanxiang has carried out extensive exchanges with Southeast Asia, West Asia and other places in history, promoting cultural diversity and cross-border exchanges. The inheritance and development of incense-making skills have also contributed to the protection of cultural heritage and the development of cultural industries in Guangdong.