On November 26, 1977 BC, the "Allusion Excavation Report" published the discovery of the No. 1 tomb of Qin Gong, the son of Qin Jinggong. This monarch of the Qin State is named Qin Jinggong, the word stone, and he is the proud son of Qin Huan Gong and a member of the Zhao clan. Historical records show that Qin Jinggong reigned for 39 years, and his governance not only made Qin's national power flourish, but also gradually expanded his power to the Central Plains. However, the location of Qin Jinggong's eternal resting place was once a mystery. It was not until the 70s of the 20th century that archaeologists unveiled this mystery. This Qin Gong No. 1 tomb, known as the "inverted pyramid of the East", is located in Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. It took archaeologists ten years to unearth this majestic tomb and make it one of the most magnificent tombs in the history of Chinese archaeology.
The shape of the tomb of Qin Gong No. 1 resembles an inverted pyramid, hence the name. This discovery created the "best of the five" in archaeology: it is the largest known tomb in China;The number of martyrs in the tomb set a record since the Western Zhou Dynasty;In addition, the excavated yellow intestine inscription is the earliest and highest-level burial tool in ChinaThe two walls of the tomb are also inlaid with wooden tablets, which are the earliest physical objects in the history of Chinese tombsFinally, the stone chime of the tomb soil is the earliest known stone chime with inscriptions, which provides valuable information for the study of the Qin State. As the highest grade of burial utensils, the yellow intestine inscription is made of hard, bright cypress wood, with 58 pieces per layer and a total weight of more than 300 kilograms. This discovery also revealed the ambition of the Qin state at that time, because only the Son of Heaven could enjoy the yellow intestine inscription.
The structure of the No. 1 tomb of Qin Gong is unique, in the shape of the word "middle", facing west. The cemetery has three steps from bottom to top, between 2 and 6 meters wide, and the third step** is the coffin. The main coffin chamber is located in the burial chamber**, which is about 16 meters long from east to west and 8 meters wide from north to south, while the secondary coffin chamber is located in the southwest of the main coffin. The entire cemetery is eight stories high, and when you look down, it looks like an upside-down pyramid. However, the most shocking scene was the martyrdom in the tomb. According to research, a total of 186 people were buried in the tomb, which is the largest number of martyrs among the excavated tombs. The mourners included both low-status slaves and high-status aristocrats. Their burial utensils are varied, some people have one coffin and one coffin, some people only have one coffin, and the people at the bottom do not even have a coffin. This brutal and bloody picture shows the social ugliness and class divide of more than 2,000 years ago.
Experts said that although the tomb of Qin Gong No. 1 had been excavated more than 200 times, more than 3,000 cultural relics were still unearthed. These cultural relics are rich in historical value, record the rise and fall of the Qin State, and provide important clues for the study of the history of the Qin State. The discovery of the Qinjing Cemetery provides us with an opportunity to get a glimpse into the history of the Qin state. This ancient tomb is a gem in the field of archaeology with its uniqueness and precious artifacts. It not only records the rise of the Qin state during the reign of Qin Jinggong, but also shows the great differences in ancient funeral customs and social hierarchies. The discovery of the No. 1 tomb of Qin Gong provides us with a key clue to the glorious and complex history of the Qin state, and also stimulates people's strong interest in ancient civilizations.