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BRICS is the abbreviation of the five emerging market countries of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa。These five countries are the world's most populous, rapidly growing economies and growing international influence, and are considered to be one of the main drivers of the global economy in the 21st century.
BRICS cooperation is not only conducive to promoting their own development, but also conducive to upholding multilateralism and international order, and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. So, who is the richest in the BRICS?We can look at the GDP per capita indicator.
There are two main ways to calculate GDP per capita, one is based on the exchange rate method and the other is based on the purchasing power parity method (PPP).。The per capita GDP calculated according to the exchange rate method is relatively simple and direct, but it is affected by exchange rate fluctuations and cannot truly reflect the differences in price levels and purchasing power of different countries or regions.
GDP per capita, calculated using the purchasing power parity method, is complex and indirectHowever, it can eliminate the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and more truly reflect the differences in price levels and purchasing power of different countries or regions. Therefore, GDP per capita calculated according to the purchasing power parity method can better reflect the average economic level and living standard of a country or region.
According to the World Bank, the GDP per capita of the BRICS countries is as follows:As can be seen from the table, the per capita GDP calculated according to the exchange rate method is comparable in China and Russia, both at 1Around $20,000, higher than Brazil, South Africa and India.
GDP per capita calculated by the purchasing power parity method is the highest in RussiaUp to 260,000 US dollars, followed by China with 140,000 US dollars, Brazil, South Africa and India 1 each$40,000, 1$30,000 and 0$60,000.
In terms of GDP per capita calculated by both methods, China ranks first among the BRICS countriesIndia is all in last place, with Russia, Brazil and South Africa changing rankings. In terms of the difference in per capita GDP calculated by the two methods, except for China, the per capita GDP calculated by the purchasing power parity method is higher than that calculated by the exchange rate method.
This shows that the price level and purchasing power of these four countries are relatively lowChina's price level and purchasing power are relatively high. This is also consistent with China's economic development and the improvement of people's living standards.
By comparing the per capita GDP of the BRICS countries, we can see that China's economic level and living standards among the BRICS countries are relatively highBut compared with developed countries, there is still a big gap.
This shows that China is still a developing country and still has a long way to go, and more efforts are needed to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. peopleGDP per capita is a useful indicator, but it also has some limitations.
First, GDP per capita does not reflect the income distribution and the gap between rich and poor in a country or region, nor does it reflect the social welfare and environmental quality of a country or region. A country's or region's GDP per capita can be highHowever, if the income distribution is unfair, the gap between the rich and the poor is too large, the social welfare is not perfect, and the quality of the environment is not good, then the people's happiness will be reducedGDP per capita cannot truly reflect the level and quality of development of a country or region.
Therefore, we should not only look at GDP per capita, but also look at other indicators, such as the Gini coefficient, the Human Development Index, the ecological footprint, etc. Second, GDP per capita cannot reflect the economic structure and competitiveness of a country or region, nor can it reflect the scientific and technological innovation and cultural soft power of a country or region.
A country's or region's GDP per capita can be highBut if the economic structure is not reasonable, it relies on excessive resource consumption and low-end manufacturing, competitiveness will decline, and economic growth will be unsustainable.
A country's or region's GDP per capita can be highHowever, if scientific and technological innovation is insufficient and cultural soft power is not strong, the international influence will be weakened,** will be threatened. Therefore, we should not only look at GDP per capita, but also look at other indicators, such as industrial structure, investment in science and technology, patent applications, cultural exports, etc.
Finally, GDP per capita is also not a reflection of a country's or region's history and futureNor does it reflect the potential and opportunities of a country or region. A country's or region's GDP per capita may be high, but if it forgets its history and loses its roots, it will become proud and complacent, and it will ignore the risks and challenges.
A country's or region's GDP per capita may be high, but if there is no future and a vision, it will become conservative and stagnant, and it will miss opportunities and development. Therefore, we should not only look at GDP per capita, but also look at other indicators, such as historical contributions, future planning, potential mining, opportunity grasping, etc.
In conclusion, GDP per capita is a useful indicator, but it also has some limitations. We can't just look at GDP per capita, but look at multiple indicators together. Judging from the comparison of per capita GDP of the BRICS countries, China's economic level and living standards among the BRICS countries are relatively highBut compared with developed countries, there is still a big gap.
China is still a developing country with a long way to go, and more efforts are needed to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must adhere to the people-centered development philosophyWe will continue to promote cooperation and development among BRICS countries and contribute to building a community with a shared future for mankind.