As one of China's national strategic emerging industries, the new energy industry has entered the fast lane of rapid development in recent years. With the upgrading of equipment brought about by industrial development and technological upgrading, a large number of power batteries have been retired, and the "retirement tide" of wind power and photovoltaic modules is coming. Doing a good job in the utilization of renewable resources in these new energy industries is not only a key link to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of the new energy industry, but also an integral part of accelerating the green transformation of development modes and promoting high-quality development and high-level protection.
A few days ago, members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) in related fields focused on the theme of "accelerating the establishment of a renewable resource utilization system for the new energy industry", and actively offered suggestions and suggestions to help the sustainable development of the utilization of new energy industry resources.
Improve policies and regulations, and improve the use of standard systems.
In recent years, in order to guide and standardize the use of power batteries, photovoltaic modules, wind turbines and other equipment, the state has successively issued a series of policies, regulations and standards, but in the view of many members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in related fields, these policies, regulations and standards can not fully meet the needs of the sustainable and healthy development of new energy.
In order to find a solution, from April to October this year, the Population, Resources and Environment Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) carried out a series of investigations and studies on "accelerating the establishment of a renewable resource utilization system for the new energy industry". In the investigation, Qian Zhimin, deputy director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the State Power Investment Group, found that at present, there are still problems such as imperfect policies and regulations, unimplemented responsibility of business entities, low level of technical standards, and imperfect market mechanism for the decommissioning and utilization of new energy equipment in China.
It is urgent to promote the utilization of renewable resources in the new energy industry. Qian Zhimin said that the system of policies and regulations should be improved as soon as possible, the main responsibilities of all parties in the market should be compacted, and the green development of the whole life cycle of the new energy industry should be promoted. He suggested that a policy system covering all aspects of the whole industrial chain such as equipment design and manufacturing, new energy power generation, and decommissioned equipment utilization should be established and improved, and the responsibilities of various competent departments should be coordinated as a whole, policy convergence should be strengthened, and legislative work should be accelerated.
In the new energy vehicle industry, this urgency is particularly obvious. With the rapid development of China's new energy vehicle industry, the consumption of lithium, nickel, cobalt and other resources by new energy batteries has grown rapidly. "In this context, the reuse of resources has become a key way to ensure the security of the chain. Weng Zuliang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of China Minmetals Corporation, pointed out that the overall content of the main metals in the retired batteries is about 10 times higher than the metal grade of the primary ore, and the available value is high.
It is necessary to promote the integrated utilization of renewable resources and primary resources, and build a platform and system for the reuse of waste battery resources. Weng Zuliang said that at the same time, we should also optimize the import management of new energy waste batteries, establish laws and regulations on the import management of waste battery resources, quality supervision measures and management rules, and ensure the efficient return of overseas resources.
At present, the special preferential policies for the use of new energy equipment have not yet covered the whole industrial chain of new energy, especially not extended to equipment production. In this regard, Gu Shuzhong, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a researcher at the Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy of the ** Development Research Center, suggested that policy pre-research and reserves should be strengthened, and applicable policies should be introduced in a timely manner according to the needs of the rapid development of the new energy industryAt the same time, we will make overall plans for national, industry and group standards, and establish a standard system covering all key links, as well as key elements such as production technology, safety and environmental protection, quality assurance, and enterprise qualifications.
Strengthen scientific and technological support and improve the level of comprehensive utilization of resources.
Scientific and technological innovation is an important support for promoting the utilization of renewable resources in the new energy industry.
At present, China's new energy industry resource regeneration and utilization technology innovation is becoming more and more active, but in general, there are still shortcomings in scientific and technological support, the utilization technology of waste components is not mature enough, the technical standard system of retired equipment is not perfect, and the green design and manufacturing of the whole industry chain need to be strengthened. Zhao Ji, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and chairman of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Association for Science and Technology, said.
Zhao Ji believes that the leading role of scientific and technological planning should be strengthened, the advantages of the new first-class system should be brought into play, the scientific and technological innovation platform for the use of new energy and renewable resources should be planned, the new research and development institutions should be established, and the national laboratory for renewable resources in the new energy industry should be established as a whole. "Focus on key technology research, develop original technologies for the treatment of new components, and focus on the research and development of new structures, new materials and new products of recyclable new energy components. Zhao Ji suggested.
It is necessary to open up the green closed-loop 'last mile' of the photovoltaic industry chain. Zhang Liwen, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and executive deputy general manager of Inner Mongolia Environmental Protection Investment Group, said that in terms of promoting technological innovation and achievement transformation, priority can be given to supporting typical areas with early photovoltaic installation time and large scale and concentrated photovoltaic manufacturing industry. At the same time, the research and development of new environmentally friendly alternative materials will be included in major national science and technology projects, and photovoltaic manufacturing enterprises will be supported to carry out "green manufacturing" project demonstrations to build an ecological closed loop from the source.
Dai Hegen, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and chairman of China National Chemical Engineering Group, has been very concerned about improving the comprehensive utilization level of all elements of retired batteries. He suggested that the development of equipment and process technologies such as power battery dismantling, regeneration and repair, and electrolyte should be strengthenedDevelop clean waste lithium battery technology, increase the development, application and promotion of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and other technologies in the process of electrolyte, and continue to improve the level of comprehensive utilization of resources. At the same time, it will accelerate the breakthrough of the technical bottleneck of detection, reorganization and repair, and provide important support for the cascade utilization of power batteries.
Clarify the responsibilities of all parties and optimize the division of responsibilities for new energy equipment.
As of the end of September this year, the number of new energy vehicles in China reached 18.21 million, and the cumulative installed capacity of power batteries reached 975 GWh. With the advent of the tide of power battery retirement, it has become the key to the healthy and sustainable development of the industry to do a good job in the utilization of retired power batteries and form a complete closed loop of the industrial chain.
On the one hand, the retired power batteries collected on the market side are mostly sold in the form of auctions and the highest price. On the other hand, the main body of responsibility for power batteries in China is automobile manufacturers, but the use of batteries involves multiple interdisciplinary disciplines, the process chain is lengthy and the technology is complex, and there are shortcomings in the technology of automobile manufacturers engaged in power battery business. Zeng Yuqun, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and chairman and general manager of CATL New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., said that it is very difficult to rely on the traditional "extended producer responsibility system" to implement the battery, which is an important problem faced by the use of power batteries.
Zeng Yuqun suggested that the responsibilities and obligations of all parties involved in the use of power batteries should be further clarified, and the division of responsibilities should be optimized: automobile manufacturers or their authorized after-sales service outlets are responsible for the collection of retired batteries in vehicle maintenanceAutomobile scrapping and dismantling enterprises are responsible for the collection of retired batteries in the vehicle scrapping process;The retired batteries collected by the above-mentioned entities shall be transferred to the battery manufacturer, and the battery manufacturer shall conduct a scientific assessment of its safety, life, performance, etc., and then classify it.
The new energy industry chain covers raw material production, equipment manufacturing, power station development and operation, utilization and other links, "who will bear the responsibility", is a topic of general concern.
Focusing on the fields of photovoltaic, wind power and energy storage equipment, establish and improve the 'four-in-one' responsibility system of power generation enterprises, equipment manufacturing enterprises and utilization enterprises as soon as possible, and form a long-term mechanism and organic responsibility chain of synergy and integration. Song Hailiang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and chairman of China Energy Construction Group, suggested that the main responsibility should be consolidated by classification and a clear coordinated development pattern of the industrial chain should be systematically constructed. For example, in the process of scrapping and disposal, it is clear that the power generation enterprise bears the primary responsibility and the main responsibility;In the process of reuse, it is considered that the power generation enterprise shall bear the responsibility for the compliance disposal of decommissioned equipment and the procurement of green products, and the utilization enterprise shall bear the responsibility of standardizing production and safety and environmental protection.
It is recommended to establish a collaborative supervision mechanism to consolidate the environmental protection responsibilities of enterprises. Zhang Zhiyang, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and vice president of the Tianjin Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, said that in the implementation of environmental protection responsibilities, a collaborative supervision and information sharing mechanism should be established, and the responsibilities of the regulatory departments in the whole process of resource utilization and disposal in the new energy industry should be clarifiedStrengthen the supervision of environmental pollution prevention and control in the whole process of utilization, and encourage the implementation of cleaner production technology and source substitution of materials. At the same time, the traceability management of the "digital passport" of power batteries and photovoltaic modules will be fully implemented, and the advantages of the big data resources of the traceability platform will be used to establish a full life cycle carbon footprint management platform.