On March 4, 1986, at her home in Duofu Lane, Beijing, Ding Ling closed her eyes peacefully and left this wonderful world at the age of 82.
Ding Ling's life is controversial, some people say she is good, some people say she is bad, and some people say that she has a bad private life and was once willing to live in the same room with two men.
Regardless of these, but at the time of the year, whether Ding Ling had defected or not was a matter that needed to be clarified, and giving an explanation to the former can be regarded as a final conclusion.
In 1955, Ding Ling was classified as an "anti-party clique" and sent to Heilongjiang Reclamation District for labor educationIn 1957, Ding Ling was branded as an "anti-party rightist", and once again came to Heilongjiang and worked on the farm for 12 years.
Ding ling. During this time, Ding Ling did not despair, and still insisted on creating "Du Wanxiang", which shows that her love for literature comes from the heart.
In 1969, Ding Ling was interrogated and asked to confess to being ".Special agent of the Central Union”。At this time, Ding Ling's body was very dehydrated due to diabetes. During the interrogation, Ding Ling insisted on not admitting that she was a special agent of the Central Union.
In March 1970, Ding Ling was escorted to Beijing and thrown into Qincheng Prison where she continued to be interrogated.
After September 1971, Ding Ling received a notice that she could let the wind go for one hour a day. During this period, Ding Ling looked at the high walls around her, alone in the courtyard to let off steam, and she couldn't meet anyone else back and forth.
In 1972, when he learned that Ding Ling was being interrogated in prison, he specially instructed the interrogators to act in accordance with the policy, not to use fascist methods to treat the interrogators, and to apologize to the parties if they violated the policy and beat or physically punished the interrogators.
** at work.
When hearing the interrogator's unwilling apology, Ding Ling said coldly: "If you know, it's okay." Regarding the interrogation period, Ding Ling recalled: ".They asked me to write an explanation of the materials and ...... of the history of Nanjing
What Ding Ling said about "the history of Nanjing" refers to the past of her **, so why did Ding Ling ** back then?Was there a mutiny in prison?Did you become a spy of the Central Union?
On October 12, 1904, Ding Ling was born in Linli, Hunan, a large family that has been an official for generations.
When Ding Ling was a child, her father died of illness, and the family road quickly declined. During that time, Ding Ling and her mother not only did not win the sympathy of the people around them, but were subjected to all kinds of bullying. This experience gave Ding Ling a taste of the warmth and coldness of the world for the first time.
Soon after, in order to survive, my mother had to sell all her family property and take the young Ding Ling and her younger brother to live at Uncle Changde's house.
Ding Ling and her mother.
At her uncle's house, Ding Ling was betrothed to her cousin by her grandmother, and when she grew up, she would be her cousin's wife. This incident did not hide from Ding Ling, which made her feel the helplessness of life under the fence prematurely. Since then, Ding Ling's nerves have become very slender.
Although her mother was helpless about what happened to her daughter, she also wanted to give her a way out, so she sent her to school. Later, her daughter was admitted to Changde Women's Normal School. At the same time, in order to change her current life, her mother also enrolled in this school. At that time, Ding Ling and her mother became classmates, and it also became a good story.
After graduating, my mother became an educator. With the support of her mother, Ding Ling was sent outside to study and increase her knowledge. During this period, Ding Ling learned Xi knowledge while accepting new ideas. In the end, under the influence of the May Fourth New Thought, Ding Ling made up her mind to rebel against the marriage that her grandmother had set for her.
In 1924, Ding Ling left Shanghai and went to Beijing. In Beijing, Ding Ling lives in a make-Xi up school. Because of the lack of economy, Ding Ling's life is very hard.
By chance, Ding Ling met Hu Yepin, who was destitute and loved to write poetry, and fell in love. It is not accurate to say that it is love, it is a kind of helplessness forced by life. After all, two people living together can save half of the rent.
Ding Ling and Hu Yepin.
Soon, the two lived a life of lovers on a small building on the other side of the Red House of Peking University and got married. During this period, Ding Ling began to create, and successively wrote "Mengke" and "Lady Shafei's Diary". Later, Ding Ling's article was selected by Ye Shengtao and published in the "** Monthly".
After the article was published, Ding Ling received the manuscript fee. She decided to save up the money and go to Japan to study in the future. Soon after, Feng Xuefeng entered Ding Ling's life and taught her Japanese.
During the teaching period, Feng Xuefeng was attracted by Ding Ling's beauty and affection, and soon fell in love with her. In the process of getting along, Ding Ling also gradually fell in love with Feng Xuefeng, and surpassed the relationship between teachers and students. Regarding this relationship, Shen Congwen wrote in "Remembering Ding Ling":
After Feng Xuefeng went to class for a week, the two of them understood that there was a mistake in this kind of learning Xi, she was not suitable to learn Japanese with this person, but he had already begun to learn Xi love with her. ”In Ding Ling's heart, although she and Hu are frequently married, the love between the two is not pure, mixed with too much helplessness. Therefore, Ding Ling was unwilling to break off the love between her and Feng Xuefeng.
Old photos of Ding Ling and Hu Yepin.
Regarding his marriage, Hu Yepin also knows it in his heart, but he doesn't want to admit it. Therefore, Hu Yepin was also very helpless about the matter between Ding Ling and Feng Xuefeng.
Later, Feng Xuefeng first went to Shanghai, and then went to Hangzhou Geling to rent a house for Ding Ling. Soon after, Ding Ling and Hu Yepin also came to Shanghai. Here, Ding Ling proposed that the three of them should live together in Hangzhou.
After listening to Ding Ling's words, Hu Yepin was very reluctant, and had a fierce quarrel with Ding Ling, but finally failed to solve the problem. The next day, Hu Yepin still followed Ding Ling to Hangzhou.
During this period, Ding Ling, Hu Yepin, and Shen Congwen co-founded the "Red and Black" magazine in Shanghai. Soon after, Ding Ling joined the Chinese Left-wing Writers' Union.
In Ding Ling's heart, it is also quite good for three people to live together. But this situation will not always be in a fairy tale, and even Shen Congwen persuaded Ding Ling to give up this way of life.
Feng Xuefeng. Under Shen Congwen's persuasion, Ding Ling realized that this way of life was not feasible, so she let Feng Xuefeng leave. Later, Feng Xuefeng wrote many letters to Ding Ling, but they were all returned by Ding Ling. In addition, Ding Ling also refused to meet Feng Xuefeng.
However, in Ding Ling's heart, she still couldn't forget Feng Xuefeng, but she just pressed that feeling to the bottom of her heart. Later, when mentioning her love with Feng Xuefeng, Ding Ling said:
"In the past history, I have really only chased one man, and only this man has burned my heart and made me have some fiery lust ......In many kisses with Yepin, I often think that it would be nice to have one of you, and I often want to be able to sleep in your arms once. ”On November 8, 1930, Ding Ling gave birth to a son for Hu Yepin. In February 1931, Hu Yepin, five left-wing writers, including Roushi, Yin Fu, Li Weisen, and Feng Keng, were killed by reactionaries.
Knowing that her husband was killed, Ding Ling was very sad. Soon, Ding Ling turned her grief into revenge, she said: ".What's the use of grief, I want revenge ......His life ended in this way, and with his pen and blood, he paved the way for us to the light, and we will follow the trail of his blood.
Old photos of Ding Ling. Later, Ding Ling served as the editor-in-chief of Beidou, the organ of the Chinese Left-wing Writers Union, and the secretary of the Left League, becoming an influential left-wing writer under Lu Xun.
In 1932, Ding Ling joined the Communist Party of China. Soon after, Ding Ling proposed to the party organization: ".Let me go to Jiangxi, to the Soviet area, to the place where Hu Yepin originally planned to go.
Originally, after Hu Yepin's sacrifice, Ding Ling thought about renewing her relationship with Feng Xuefeng. But at this time, Feng Xuefeng was already married to someone else. Later, in an interview with the American female journalist Smedley, Ding Ling met Feng Da, who served as a translator.
Feng Da was very sympathetic to Ding Ling's experience. In life, Feng Da is very careful and cares about Ding Ling. Under Feng Da's care, Ding Ling gradually came out of her grief and gradually fell in love with the man in front of her. After that, Ding Ling and Feng Da lived a peaceful life.
In the same year, the Kuomintang Central Unification Bureau ushered in a capable leader, that is, Shen Zui. Soon after, Dai Li personally promoted Shen Zui to the head of the intelligence team of the French Concession in the Shanghai Special Economic Zone. Later, Shen Zui was appointed by Dai Li as the leader of the major action group of the reconnaissance brigade of the Songhu Garrison Command.
Ding ling. On May 14, 1933, Ding Ling was arrested by secret agents at home. Since Feng Da came back not long after the spy came in, Ding Ling suspected that Feng Da had betrayed him.
Soon after, Ding Ling was detained in Nanjing by Kuomintang agents. In prison, Feng Da swore in front of Ding Ling that he had not betrayed Ding Ling. In the end, Ding Ling believed Feng Da's words. He spent three years in prison with Fonda.
During this period, the reactionaries tried their best to coerce and lure Ding Ling. Ding Ling was humiliated and fought to the death, but was saved by Feng Da. Later, Ding Ling became pregnant in prison and gave birth to a girl.
After being released from prison, Ding Ling finally determined that Feng Da had betrayed her, so she resolutely left Feng Da and asked her daughter to change her surname to Jiang.
In 1936, Ding Ling escaped the surveillance of spies, and later successfully escaped from Nanjing with the help of Lu Xun, Feng Xuefeng, Zhang Tianyi and others, and arrived in Yan'an with two children.
Lin Boqu, ** and *** in Yan'an.
As the first well-known writer to come to Yan'an, Ding Ling was warmly welcomed in Yan'an. In order to express their welcome to Ding Ling, the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China specially organized a welcome meeting, which was attended by ** and *** and others. Later, when recalling the scene of the first time she saw ***, Ding Ling said:
"**When I came in, I had long hair, just shaved my face, and I was wearing a cotton coat. My desk was in the last one and I didn't know him. Liu Qunxian (Bogu's lover) and Ah Jin (Luo Mai's lover) are very lively, Liu Ying is not as lively as the two of them, so he went to pull *** and said that *** has shaved his face, and he is beautiful today. **Yes, because Comrade Ding Ling is welcome today, I shaved my face today, but I didn't get a haircut. ”Soon after, Ding Ling suggested to ** to set up a literary club, ** and Zhang Wentian and others expressed their support, and named this literary club ".China Literature and Art AssociationDing Ling was appointed director.
The purpose of this association is:Liaison with literary and artistic groups in various localities, writers from all walks of life, and all those who are interested in literature and art to jointly promote new literary and artistic work under the goal of the anti-Japanese national united front and form a new fighting force in the united front.
The association has organization, liaison, research, general affairs and other departments, and has branches in various places. With the support of the Association, the association has developed rapidly, with nearly 100 members, including Cheng Fangwu, Wu Xiuquan, Li Kenong, Xu Mengqiu, etc., and later developed to hundreds of people. During this period, the association edited and published the mimeographed journal "Literature and Art of the Soviet District".
Ding Ling during the Yan'an period.
On June 20, 1937, while commemorating the first anniversary of Gorky's death, Ding Ling met an actor named Chen Ming. At that time, Chen Ming played the role of Bo Xia in the drama "Mother", which left a deep impression on Ding Ling.
In August, Chen Ming was transferred to the "Northwest Field Service Regiment" under the Central Propaganda Department and served as the head of the propaganda unit. And Ding Ling is the director of the "Northwest Field Service Corps" and Chen Ming's immediate boss.
Chen Ming is 14 years younger than Ding Ling, although he looks thin, he is full of vitality, his brain turns quickly, he not only has many ideas, but also is very good at doing ideological work, which has helped Ding Ling a lot and has become her indispensable assistant.
During the work, Ding Ling and Chen Ming got along very happily. Once, in a small restaurant, Chen Ming and Ding Ling sat on a hot kang to eat and chat. Chen Ming joked: "Director, you should also have a lifelong partner." ”
Listening to Chen Ming's words, Ding Ling smiled and said, "Can the two of us do it?"Ding Ling's words startled Chen Ming. It's not because Ding Ling is a celebrity, has a higher status than him, and is older than him, but Chen Ming feels that the two have different life trajectories, and he is not sure about living together in the future.
Ding Ling and Chen Ming together.
Soon after, Chen Ming was transferred to work in the Beacon Theater Troupe in Yan'an. During this period, Chen Ming fell in love with a female member of the troupe named Xi Ping and got married.
Later, Chen Ming took his wife to visit Ding Ling. On the day they met, Chen Ming saw disappointment in Ding Ling's eyes, and this feeling made him feel very painful. At this time, Chen Ming knew that he was true love for Ding Ling.
So, when he and Xi Ping's child was just full moon, Chen Ming found an excuse and divorced his wife.
In February 1942, in a cave in Lanjiaping, Yan'an, Ding Ling and Chen Ming got married for a hundred years. This year, Ding Ling was 39 years old and Chen Ming was 25 years old.
Soon after marrying Chen Ming, Ding Ling wrote an article entitled "Feelings on the 38th Festival". After this article came out, it caused a lot of controversy and caused Ding Ling a lot of trouble.
When Ding Ling's situation was very difficult, ** supported her and said: ".Ding Ling is a good comrade!The support of ** has greatly improved Ding Ling's situation. For this, Ding Ling is very grateful.
**。In 1949, with the help of Chen Ming, Ding Ling created one of the pinnacles of her life, "The Sun Shines on the Sanggan River". On the title page of "The Sun Shines on the Sanggan River", Ding Ling wrote:
"Leave it to Chen Ming: I should be grateful to you for the help you have given me so much that I have made this book less wrong and flawed, and that when I write, it will not be affected by the outside world. ”In June 1951, in response to the call of the General Association to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Ding Ling donated more than 1,200 yuan (old currency).
In June 1952, Ding Ling's novel "The Sun Shines on the Sanggan River" won the Stalin Literary Award of the Soviet Union, which became the highest award won by a Chinese writer in the world at that time.
After winning the award, Ding Ling donated all the 50,000 rubles she received to the Child Welfare Department of the All-China Democratic Women's Federation. Later, "The Sun Shines on the Sanggan River" was translated into many languages and widely disseminated among readers from all over the world. ** is very happy for Ding Ling's outstanding results.
In 1970, due to historical issues, Ding Ling was imprisoned in Qincheng Prison and lived in it for 5 years.
Ding Ling and her husband Chen Ming are together.
In May 1975, after Ding Ling was released, she was sent to live in Zhangtou Village, Changzhi, Shanxi Province. This year, Ding Ling was 71 years old.
Here, Ding Ling finally met her husband Chen Ming. At the moment of meeting, Ding Ling said optimistically: "Oh, this place is good!."Chen Ming also smiled and said, "It's good for two people to be together!."”
For the grievances in life, Ding Ling can see it. In a letter to her son, Ding Ling wrote: ".If we look at these as inevitable phenomena of the revolution, especially in the progress of the revolution, there is nothing to be angry about, and there is nothing to complain about.
In 1976, Ding Ling and Chen Ming found a vacant old courtyard in Zhangtou Village, repaired it briefly, and settled here. Years later, Chen Ming can still remember the situation in the yard clearly. He said:
"In front of the house is a big yard with a few apple and walnut trees. There are five rooms, three large rooms in the middle, two of which serve as our activity rooms for eating, listening to the radio, watching TV or receiving guests, and one for the bedroom and study. ”Ding Ling and Chen Ming in the countryside.
In the countryside, although the two do not work, they have more than 200 yuan of living expenses issued by the state every month. In life, because Ding Ling is old, in addition to ** illness and back pain, there are also arthritis and diabetes, and most of their money is spent on taking medicine.
But the money, for them, is still enough, in Chen Ming's words, that is."Life is more than enough"of.
During this period, when he heard the local villagers say that eating yam is good for treating diabetes, Chen Ming planted some in the yard for Ding Ling to eat. Ding Ling likes to raise chickens, so Chen Ming enclosed a chicken pen with barbed wire in the yard and raised more than a dozen hens, so that the eggs could be self-sufficient.
Under Chen Ming's careful care, Ding Ling's body gradually improved. So, Ding Ling decided to continue the interrupted long ** "In the Cold Days". The first part of this article was published in "People's Literature" in 1956 and was praised by ***.
Since he needed the original work for the later part, Chen Ming went to Changzhi's library to try his luck. I didn't expect to really find that issue of "People's Literature", about which Chen Ming said: ".I was so happy that I borrowed it back immediately, and wanted to copy it down, and after copying it, Ding Ling continued to write and then change.
Old photos of Ding Ling. The news in the countryside is relatively closed, and due to creative needs, Ding Ling ordered "People**" and "Shanxi**".
When she saw the news of ***'s death in the newspaper, Ding Ling's heart was very sad, and she even hated herself for creating too slowly. According to Chen MingShe is still thinking that she wants to write the book "In the Cold Days", and if she can see *** one day in the future, she can show this book to ***, proving that she is still a good party member and a son and daughter of the party.
On January 12, 1979, Ding Ling left Zhangtou Village and returned to Beijing. In 1980, ** restored Ding Ling's party membership and political reputation.
In 1984, the ** Organization Department issued the "Notice on Restoring the Honor of Comrade Ding Ling", completely reversing all the untruths imposed on her over the years and affirming that she is".A Communist Party member who is loyal to the Party and the revolution
In October 1985, Ding Ling's health became worse and worse, and she had to be hospitalized**. On March 4, 1986, Ding Ling died at home.
A photo of Shen drunk and his daughter.
On October 11, Chen Ming visited Shen Zui's home. When referring to the arrest of Ding Ling by the Kuomintang spies that year, Shen Zui said firmly: ".Comrade Ding Ling was not killed, and it was absolutely because she surrendered and defected. If she turns herself in and defects, we people will not be unaware. She was not put to death solely because of her fame.
Shen drunk's words solved the mystery of Ding Ling's "mutiny" back then, and returned her innocence, just like *** once said: "Ding Ling is a good comrade!."”